Temporal-spatial change and driving mechanism for regional difference of domestic tourism in China

By using the variation coefficient,Gini coefficient and Theil coefficient,this paper makes preliminary exploration of temporalspatial change features and driving mechanism for regional differences of domestic tourism in China from 1995 to 2009.According to the results,we drew the following conclusions:(1)The regional difference of domestic tourism in China tends to be narrowing generally,and is less than that of inbound tourism,playing an important role in narrowing the overall gap of regional tourism in China.(2)The regional internal difference features:inter-provincial difference in the eastern region and difference among the eastern,central and western regions are comparatively obvious and demonstrate a significantly shrinking tendency,the change tendency is consistent with the change tendency of overall difference and exercises a decisive role in overall difference,whereas the inter-provincial difference in the central and western regions is small and relatively stable,having less influence on the overall difference.(3)The temporal-spatial change in regional difference is featured by:low-level provinces occupy a majority and are concentrated in the central and western regions,showing a tendency of narrowing difference;high-level provinces are concentrated in the eastern region,showing a tendency of spreading to the central and western regions;spatial pattern of regional difference demonstrates 4 types,i.e."proliferation type","polarization type","quiescence type"and"collapse type."(4)The driving force for regional difference of domestic tourism in China comes down to 3 aspects:regional socio-economic attribute,regional transport accessibility level and regional development policy.

Analysis on Chinese Regional Differences in International Tourism Foreign Exchange Earnings with Method of One-way Variance Analysis

Based on data over 31 provinces and cities in China from2006 to 2013,this thesis first divides those 31 provinces and cities into four economic regions including northeastern region,central region,eastern region and western region.Based on data over 31 provinces and cities in China from 2006 to 2013,those 31 provinces and cities were devided into four economic regions in this thesis,including northeastern region,central region,eastern region and western region.Then,it takes international tourism foreign exchange earnings as the dependent variable,the four economic regions as the factor to measure the difference of international tourism foreign exchange earnings in different regions,and finds out the main reasons of it.Through the one-way variance analysis on international tourism foreign exchange earnings,we can know that international tourism foreign exchange earnings have differences in different regions apparently.Besides,significant differences can be found between northeastern and central regions as well as eastern and western regions,while it is not the same case between the central and western regions.

Enhancing transboundary natural tourism resources governance:unveiling the spatial pattern and its influencing factors

Tourism resources that span provincial boundaries in China play a pivotal role in regional development,yet effective governance poses persistent challenges.This study addresses this issue by constructing a comprehensive database of transboundary natural tourism resources(TNTR)through amalgamation of diverse data sources.Utilizing the Getis-Ord Gi^(*),kernel density estimation,and geographical detectors,we scrutinize the spatial patterns of TNTR,focusing on both named and unnamed entities,while exploring the influencing factors.Our findings reveal 7883 identified TNTR in China,with mountain tourism resources emerging as the predominant type.Among provinces,Hunan boasts the highest count,while Shanghai exhibits the lowest.Southern China demonstrates a pronounced clustering trend in TNTR distribution,with the spatial arrangement of biological landscapes appearing more random compared to geological and water landscapes.Western China,characterized by intricate terrain,exhibits fewer TNTR,concurrently unveiling a significant presence of unnamed natural tourism resources.Crucially,administrative segmentation influences TNTR development,generating disparities in regional goals,developmental stages and intensities,and management approaches.In response to these variations,we advocate for strengthening the naming of the unnamed transboundary tourism resources,constructing a geographic database of TNTR for government and establishing a collaborative management mechanism based on TNTR database.Our research contributes to elucidating the intricate landscape of TNTR,offering insights for tailored governance strategies in the realm of cross-provincial tourism resource management.

Culture Differences and Translation in China's Tourism

China,as a beautiful country with her long history and splendid culture,attracts so many tourists from different countries. Meanwhile,her various geography conditions and abundant propagation resources are also spectacular. China is a big touristy country. However,as the necessary component of China's tourism,the translation can't follow the step of the development of China's tourism. Sometimes,there are even some problems and mistakes in the translation of China's tourism. So,here author wants to have a discussion about the translation in China's tourism.

Spatial Pattern of Chinese Tourism Development and Its Mechanism Based on Different Spatial-temporal Scales:Taking the Panel Data of China Mainland(1996-2010) for Example

By taking the panel data of China mainland from 1996 to 2010 for an example, this paper used ESDA, gravity center and standard deviation ellipse to analyze the spatial differences, combined with the impulse response function to propose the infl uence mechanism of spatial evolution. The results showed that the provincial tourism economy generally showed a random spatial distribution and the spatial differences had narrowed from 1996 to 2010. The differences of tourism development in east China are the largest, and differences of the middle China are the smallest. The gravity center of Chinese provincial tourism has shifted to the northwest, the HH district concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta and its surroundings, the LL district concentrated in west Chinese. The high-value areas of city tourism economy are broadly distributed in the right of line "Heihe–Tengchong", mainly concentrated in four plates. Compared with spatial differences of provincial tourism economy, those of city tourism economy were more signifi cant. Regional tourism resources and social economic factors are the two major factors that infl uence spatial differences of tourism economy, the objective rule and policy and institution also have a great impact on regional tourism development differences. Special events may have a certain impact on the pattern of the original; however, it cannot change the spatial pattern completely.

Seasonal Differences in Visitor Perceptions: A Comparative Study of Three Mountainous National Parks in Central Europe

This paper compares the views and attitudes of visitors to three key mountain national parks and Biosphere Reserves: Sumava National Park (Sumava NP, Czech Republic), Krkonose National Park (KRNAP, Czech Republic) and Karkonoski Park Narodowy (KPN, Poland). A large numbers of people visit these destinations both in the summer (e.g. hikers and cyclists) and in the winter (e.g. hikers and skiers), which threatens sustainability and creates problems regarding the management of these areas. A comprehensive understanding of visitor use, including visitors’ attitudes and perceptions, is fundamental for effective park management. Most research in these national parks is carried out during the summer season, therefore different results in the winter season are expected. Using a standardised socio-environmental survey we attempt to find seasonal differences between visitors and their opinions. A total of 2252 questionnaires were gathered. There were 13 common questions for these three national parks, three of them yielded significantly different results between the two seasons (visitors’ nationality, type of accommodation and financial costs). Other differences were detected in one or two national parks.

Regional Tourism Resilience under Crisis Impacts:The Cases of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta

Since the beginning of the 21st century,various crisis events have occurred frequently,inflicting substantial impacts on the tourism sector,which has garnered considerable scholarly and policy attention.Nevertheless,limited research has systematically explored tourism resilience at the urban scale,and there is a paucity of studies comparing regional differences in tourism resilience under distinct crisis scenarios and their underlying causes.Thus,this study focuses on the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,employing Martin’s regional economic resilience measurement method.It assesses the tourism resilience of the two regions under the impact of the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic,subsequently visualizing the data results using ArcGIS software.The study also endeavors to unveil potential causes for disparities in urban tourism resilience.The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly,regions with higher economic development exhibit relatively weaker tourism resilience during economic crises,yet demonstrate comparatively stronger resilience during public crises.Secondly,distinct differentiations exist both between and within the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,primarily stemming from variations such as geographical positioning,tourism resource endowments,and industrial and economic structures,both regionally and within individual cities.Thirdly,the determination of regional tourism resilience is intricate and cannot be restricted to a single dimension;multidimensional indicators better encapsulate the essence of regional tourism resilience.

从《旅游学刊》和《Annals of Tourism Research》的比较看中外旅游研究的异同和趋向

为深入理解中外旅游研究的异同 ,文章对 2 0 0 0年以来《AnnalsofTourismResearch》和《旅游学刊》发表的论文进行了比较分析。研究表明中外旅游研究在研究内容、研究方法以及研究思路等方面存在着明显差异。前者侧重于旅游影响、旅游人类学、旅游社会学与生态旅游等方面的研究 ,而后者涉猎面更广泛 ,如对旅游经济与管理、旅游资源开发与规划等偏实用领域的关注 ;此外 ,前者研究方法以数理统计为多 ,后者多以描述性的论述为主。研究通过对近期两大中外权威杂志的对比分析 ,以期对国内旅游研究 ,以及对《旅游学刊》的未来发展有所裨益。

体旅融合视域下创建国家体育旅游示范基地对当地市域旅游经济的影响与启示

2022年我国完成对第一批(2017年)国家体育旅游示范基地的评估,淘汰15个(淘汰率为50%)、新增32个(新增率为68.09%),那么国家体育旅游示范基地能否带动当地旅游经济发展?选取2013—2020年间46个国家体育旅游示范基地所在市的面板数据,运用双重差分法识别其对市域旅游经济带来的影响。结果显示:(1)研究期内创建国家体育旅游示范基地未能推动市域旅游经济发展,该结果具有稳健性;(2)创建国家体育旅游示范基地对市域旅游经济的政策效应主要受社会消费水平和对外开放程度等因素的影响;(3)东部地区国家体育旅游示范基地对市域旅游经济的负面影响稍弱于中西部地区。可见,国家体育旅游示范基地的发展效益主要来源于相关创建工作,而不是获得该荣誉称号带来的宣传效应,所以应着力改善旅游基础条件、优化依托体育旅游发展的相关产业结构、盘活利用当地特色资源以刺激旅游消费和促进资源共享,积极构建支持国家体育旅游示范基地可持续健康发展的旅游社会环境。

“成家”何以促进“立业”?嵌入性影响下的乡村旅游创业研究

乡村振兴背景下,旅游创业在促进乡村经济发展中具有重要作用。文章聚焦乡村旅游创业情境,基于嵌入性视角,以广东省江门市新会区5个乡村旅游创业典型地区为案例地,综合运用问卷法与访谈法,深入探讨嵌入性对旅游创业绩效的影响以及婚配情况在其中的作用机制。研究发现:嵌入性通过旅游创业能力对创业绩效产生正向影响,旅游创业能力在嵌入性与旅游创业绩效之间发挥中介作用;婚姻正向调节创业能力对创业绩效的影响,与无配偶的创业者相比,有配偶的创业者能够更有效地将创业能力转化为创业绩效;此外,婚姻的调节作用在创业能力的不同维度上存在差异,婚姻有助于提升机会能力、组织管理能力、战略能力和承诺能力对创业绩效的影响。该研究揭示了“成家”与“立业”之间的内在关联,为促进农民创业和乡村旅游可持续发展提供了针对性的指导建议。

文化产业集聚视角下公共文化服务示范区的旅游经济效应

随着我国迈入“文化强国”和文旅深度融合的新发展阶段,公共文化服务逐渐成为提升地区文化软实力、带动地区旅游经济发展的重要抓手。基于多期双重差分模型的反事实分析框架,采用2008-2019年中国281个地级市的面板数据,识别了公共文化服务示范区创建的旅游经济效应。实证分析表明,公共文化服务示范区创建显著带动了地区旅游经济发展,且这一促进效应主要作用于国内游客,对国外游客影响不显著;机制分析表明,文化产业集聚是公共文化服务示范区释放旅游经济效应的重要途径;进一步研究发现,公共文化示范区创建的旅游经济促进效应存在地区异质性,具体表现在对文旅资源禀赋低、数字经济发展水平好的城市作用更为显著。研究结论进一步拓展了文化与经济的研究范畴,为政界和学界通过提升公共文化服务助推文旅融合发展,进而实现全民精神共同富裕提供了有益思路和启示。

旅游者对旅游生态标签认证的感知差异及影响因素

生态标签认证是实现旅游资源生态价值的重要途径,在国家“生态优先,绿色发展”战略指引下,旅游生态标签认证能够激发排他性市场竞争优势。利益主体感知度直接影响生态标签认证的实施效果和消费者决策行为。本研究以“绿色饭店”生态标签为例,对不同经济社会属性旅游者的旅游生态标签认证感知进行异质性分析,探索提高旅游生态标签认证激励效应的原理,结果显示:旅游者对生态标签认证的影响感知呈现两面性,既有正面感知因子,也有负面感知因子,国内旅游者对旅游生态标签认证的正面感知较为强烈;根据旅游生态标签认证感知差异分布规律,旅游者被划分为“热情的支持者”、“理性的支持者”、“强烈的反对者”三种类型,不同类型旅游者感知比例差异明显,但低感知度旅游者具有转化为高感知度旅游者的潜能,这是旅游经营管理部门的努力方向;利益主体经济社会属性与感知变量之间存在内在关联,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、职业类型、收入水平的旅游者对旅游生态标签认证感知呈现出显著差异。研究结论对旅游管理中实施精准化绿色营销、设计旅游生态标签认证流程、加强生态旅游教育培训具有典型指导意义。

中国西部地区体旅融合发展的时空差异及其数字化影响研究

为探寻中国西部地区体育与旅游产业融合发展的时空差异及其数字化影响,采用2012-2021年中国西部地区12个省份的面板数据,运用熵值法、耦合协调模型、ESDA方法、固定效应模型进行实证分析。结果表明:(1)体育与旅游产业综合发展水平显著提升,旅游产业综合发展水平整体上高于体育产业,二者有较高同步性;(2)西南地区的综合发展水平明显高于西北地区,四川、陕西和云南位于发展前列;(3)体旅产业的耦合协调程度整体较低,多数处于起步阶段,但融合度在不断提高。另外,不同省份间存在区域异质性,呈现“西南高、西北低”的空间分布格局;(4)体旅产业耦合协调度存在正向空间聚集特征,且聚集程度表现出增强趋势;(5)数字化发展对体旅融合存在显著的正向促进作用。据此,从空间交互、数字赋能、因地制宜、政市结合4个方面提出优化体旅融合发展的建议。

低碳城市建设与旅游业发展——来自中国城市的经验证据

随着“双碳”战略的推进,绿色低碳发展已经成为各个产业部门的转型方向。低碳城市试点作为实现“双碳”目标的一项重要政策工具,是否能够兼顾经济效益和环境效益?文章以旅游业发展为切入点,利用2005—2019年中国284个地级及以上城市面板数据,将低碳城市建设视为一次准自然实验,采用双重差分模型评估低碳城市建设对旅游业发展的影响及机制。研究发现:(1)低碳城市建设有助于促进试点地区旅游业发展,能够显著增加地区旅游收入和旅游人次,这一结果经过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;(2)低碳城市建设主要通过改善城市环境、激发旅游创新和丰富游览方式等途径影响旅游业发展;(3)低碳城市建设对旅游业发展的影响因地区旅游资源禀赋、旅游服务水平、国内旅游和入境旅游差异而存在异质性,表现为对旅游资源丰富、旅游服务完善地区及国内旅游市场的影响更显著。研究结论表明低碳城市建设有助于实现污染减排和旅游业发展的双赢目标,这为新时期国家推进绿色转型和旅游业高质量发展提供了有益的政策启示。

乡村旅游政策推动贫困地区发展——基于“全国旅游扶贫示范项目”的准自然实验

乡村旅游是贫困地区脱贫致富的重要手段,研究旅游扶贫相关政策对贫困地区脱贫的影响效应具有深刻意义。文章以“全国旅游扶贫示范项目”为对象,从要素流动视角出发,提出了乡村旅游推动贫困地区发展的3条影响机制;随后利用2010-2020年我国832个国家级贫困县数据进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:(1)乡村旅游确实推动了我国贫困地区的发展,且该效应在时空上还具备可持续性和空间溢出性;(2)乡村人口就业人数的上升、数字基础设施的建设以及县域生态环境的改善是乡村旅游影响过程中的机制;(3)相比东部地区,乡村旅游对中西部地区的影响更显著;(4)不同类型政策在影响效应的时空性质和影响机制的选择上均存在异质性。此研究为实现“巩固和拓展脱贫攻坚成果”的目标提供了思路。

“一带一路”倡议对中国沿线区域入境旅游发展的政策效应评价

以2007—2019年中国31个省(区、市)面板数据,结合超效率及全局Malmquist指数与PSM-DID法实证检验“一带一路”倡议对入境旅游发展的政策效应。研究表明:①入境旅游的平均发展能力呈现为正增长,但产业空间格局差异仍未缓解,“一路”区域空间集聚明显,“一带”区域趋向空间极化发展;②倡议显著提高了沿线区域的入境旅游效率,但其实施效果具有滞后性,“一路”区域的政策响应优于“一带”;③倡议的政策效应具有区域异质性,经济发展水平与旅游交通条件对倡议的影响存在差异,结构红利与政策驱动效应显著,但旅游产业内核基础条件亟需提升,交通设施和资源要素优化应成为未来的提升关键。

黄河流域旅游经济差异及关键驱动因素研究

黄河流域旅游经济协调发展是推动流域高质量发展的重要力量。以旅游专业化水平为研究对象,从区域经济、创新能力、生产要素、旅游服务、制度政策5个维度构建驱动因素指标体系,基于2008—2020年黄河流域61地市的面板数据,借助核密度估计、全局莫兰指数、时空地理加权回归(GTWR)模型研究黄河流域旅游经济差异和驱动因素的时空演变规律。结果表明:(1)黄河流域旅游经济区域差异随时间扩大,部分年份存在右拖尾现象。(2)旅游专业化水平全局莫兰指数为正,存在空间集聚态势;局部空间集聚类型中“高-高”“低-低”“高-低”集聚区的范围扩大,“低-高”集聚区的范围缩小。从空间角度看,黄河流域旅游经济差异亦扩大。(3)9个驱动因素对旅游经济的促进作用在时间上呈现出稳定型、递减型和递增型3种特征。(4)黄河流域上游地市旅游经济发展的关键驱动因素为区域经济、创新能力和旅游服务,中游地市旅游经济发展的关键驱动因素为区域经济、旅游服务和制度政策,下游地市旅游经济发展的关键驱动因素为创新能力、生产要素和制度政策。

西部地区旅游经济发展水平差异测度研究

旅游经济发展一直是西部地区所重视的一大问题,但西部地区各地旅游业发展水平参差不齐,影响各区域之间协调发展。研究对西部地区区域之间旅游经济发展的差异进行研究,采取因子分析法和聚类分析法找出区域之间旅游经济差异的影响因素。研究表明:西部地区12个省之间旅游经济发展水平不平衡,主要是适应力和调整力以及抵抗力与恢复力两方面差异较大,四川整体优势非常突出,其他地区与四川相比还有较大差距;西部地区各省内部发展不平衡,根据适应和调整力以及抵抗与恢复力两个层面分为四类地区。基于此,提出提升西部地区旅游经济、促进区域旅游经济协调发展的针对性建议,以实现西部地区旅游经济的协同发展。

旅游社区居民生态正义感知及空间差异研究——以黄山风景区门户社区为例

随着旅游地生态环境问题的日益凸显,作为核心利益相关者的门户社区居民享有的生态权益与承担的环境责任不对等成为旅游生态不正义的重要表现,实现生态正义对旅游地可持续发展具有重要意义。文章以黄山风景区东南西北4个门户社区为案例,采用方差分析方法,从人际生态正义和种际生态正义两个方面分析门户社区居民对生态正义感知的水平、空间差异及影响因素。研究发现:(1)受访的门户社区居民对种际生态正义感知水平显著高于人际生态正义;(2)生态正义总体感知水平方面,南门>北门>西门>东门;人际生态正义感知水平方面,南门、北门对分配正义、程序正义感知水平显著高于东门、西门,北门、西门对互动正义感知水平显著高于南门、东门;种际生态正义感知水平方面,南门对环境责任行为感知水平最高,其他三个门户社区差别不大,北门、西门对旅游负面环境影响感知水平显著高于南门、东门;(3)居民生态正义感知空间差异受区域基础、区位条件、政策制度和个体价值观念四种因素共同影响。