According to the physics of tokamak start-up,this study constructs a zero-dimensional(0D)model applicable to electron cyclotron(EC)wave assisted start-up in NCST spherical torus(spherical tokamak)and CN-H1 stellarator...According to the physics of tokamak start-up,this study constructs a zero-dimensional(0D)model applicable to electron cyclotron(EC)wave assisted start-up in NCST spherical torus(spherical tokamak)and CN-H1 stellarators.Using the constructed 0D model,the results obtained in this study under the same conditions are compared and validated against reference results for pure hydrogen plasma start-up in tokamak.The results are in good agreement,especially regarding electron temperature,ion temperature and plasma current.In the presence of finite Ohmic electric field in the spherical tokamak,a study on the EC wave assisted start-up of the NCST plasma at frequency of 28 GHz is conducted.The impact of the vertical magnetic field B_(v)on EC wave assisted start-up,the relationship between EC wave injection power P_(inj),Ohmic electric field E,and initial hydrogen atom density n_(H0)are explored separately.It is found that under conditions of Ohmic electric field lower than ITER(~0.3 V m^(-1)),EC wave can expand the operational space to achieve better plasma parameters.Simulating the process of28 GHz EC wave start-up in the CN-H1 stellarator plasma,the plasma current in the zerodimensional model is replaced with the current in the poloidal coil of the stellarator.Plasma startup can be successfully achieved at injection powers in the hundreds of kilowatts range,resulting in electron densities on the order of 10^(17)-10^(18)m^(-3).展开更多
In the current environment of increasingly fierce competition in the tourism industry,service quality has become crucial for enhancing the competitiveness of scenic spots.This paper uses the SERVQUAL model to design a...In the current environment of increasingly fierce competition in the tourism industry,service quality has become crucial for enhancing the competitiveness of scenic spots.This paper uses the SERVQUAL model to design a service quality evaluation questionnaire that captures the gap between tourists’expectations and perceptions,using the Ciqikou Scenic Spot as a case study.Data collected from field surveys are used to comprehensively and meticulously evaluate the service quality of the Ciqikou Scenic Spot.The analysis results show that the scenic spot,with its unique folk culture experience and beautiful ecological environment,has certain advantages in terms of service quality.However,significant deficiencies exist in infrastructure and environmental hygiene.Accordingly,targeted improvement suggestions are proposed to further enhance the service quality of the Ciqikou Scenic Spot and meet the increasingly diverse and personalized needs of tourists.This study provides not only a specific service quality improvement strategy for the Ciqikou Scenic Spot but also a valuable reference for other tourist attractions.展开更多
In this paper, an attempt has been made to forecast tourists’ arrival using statistical time series modeling techniques—Double Exponential Smoothing and the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). It is c...In this paper, an attempt has been made to forecast tourists’ arrival using statistical time series modeling techniques—Double Exponential Smoothing and the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). It is common knowledge that forecasting is very important in making future decisions such as ordering replenishment for an inventory system or increasing the capacity of the available staff in order to meet expected future service delivery. The methodology used is given in Section 2 and the results, discussion and conclusion are given in Section 3. When the forecasts from these models were validated, Double Exponential Smoothing model performed better than the ARIMA model.展开更多
Tourist route design is essential to the scenic spot planning and tour route design. In this paper, four elements of tourist route design were identified to form the list of tourist route design principle. Based on th...Tourist route design is essential to the scenic spot planning and tour route design. In this paper, four elements of tourist route design were identified to form the list of tourist route design principle. Based on the analysis of Campbell model, four-point inspiration for tourist route design was summarized, a Campbell model-based schematic of the tourist route design of Rizhao was formed grounded on the analysis of tourism resources and service facilities in Rizhao, so as to explore the optimal way of the tourist route design.展开更多
This study aims to gradually reflect information concerning tourists and to propose tourist route model formulation techniques that take spatial reproducibility into account using GIS （geographic information systems...This study aims to gradually reflect information concerning tourists and to propose tourist route model formulation techniques that take spatial reproducibility into account using GIS （geographic information systems）. The conclusions can be summarized into the following three points： （1） Kawagoe city in Saitama Prefecture was selected as the area targeted by this study. All types of data about Kawagoe city and tourists was collected and processed, and a tourist route model formulation method that considered spatial reproducibility using GIS was proposed, （2） 3-stage scenarios were created with the presence or absence of Kawagoe city tourist policies set as standards and this was used to develop tourist route models. It is POSsible to expect synergy in the encouragement of the use of sightseeing buses and the same traffic regulations as the traffic pilot program, and （3） It is considered that it is possible to apply the tourist route model formulation method proposed by this study to other tourist destinations without being limited by spatiotemporal differences or the particular issues of each tourist destinations as spatial reproducibility was confirmed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFE03070000 and 2022YFE03070003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12375220 and 12075114)。
文摘According to the physics of tokamak start-up,this study constructs a zero-dimensional(0D)model applicable to electron cyclotron(EC)wave assisted start-up in NCST spherical torus(spherical tokamak)and CN-H1 stellarators.Using the constructed 0D model,the results obtained in this study under the same conditions are compared and validated against reference results for pure hydrogen plasma start-up in tokamak.The results are in good agreement,especially regarding electron temperature,ion temperature and plasma current.In the presence of finite Ohmic electric field in the spherical tokamak,a study on the EC wave assisted start-up of the NCST plasma at frequency of 28 GHz is conducted.The impact of the vertical magnetic field B_(v)on EC wave assisted start-up,the relationship between EC wave injection power P_(inj),Ohmic electric field E,and initial hydrogen atom density n_(H0)are explored separately.It is found that under conditions of Ohmic electric field lower than ITER(~0.3 V m^(-1)),EC wave can expand the operational space to achieve better plasma parameters.Simulating the process of28 GHz EC wave start-up in the CN-H1 stellarator plasma,the plasma current in the zerodimensional model is replaced with the current in the poloidal coil of the stellarator.Plasma startup can be successfully achieved at injection powers in the hundreds of kilowatts range,resulting in electron densities on the order of 10^(17)-10^(18)m^(-3).
文摘In the current environment of increasingly fierce competition in the tourism industry,service quality has become crucial for enhancing the competitiveness of scenic spots.This paper uses the SERVQUAL model to design a service quality evaluation questionnaire that captures the gap between tourists’expectations and perceptions,using the Ciqikou Scenic Spot as a case study.Data collected from field surveys are used to comprehensively and meticulously evaluate the service quality of the Ciqikou Scenic Spot.The analysis results show that the scenic spot,with its unique folk culture experience and beautiful ecological environment,has certain advantages in terms of service quality.However,significant deficiencies exist in infrastructure and environmental hygiene.Accordingly,targeted improvement suggestions are proposed to further enhance the service quality of the Ciqikou Scenic Spot and meet the increasingly diverse and personalized needs of tourists.This study provides not only a specific service quality improvement strategy for the Ciqikou Scenic Spot but also a valuable reference for other tourist attractions.
文摘In this paper, an attempt has been made to forecast tourists’ arrival using statistical time series modeling techniques—Double Exponential Smoothing and the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). It is common knowledge that forecasting is very important in making future decisions such as ordering replenishment for an inventory system or increasing the capacity of the available staff in order to meet expected future service delivery. The methodology used is given in Section 2 and the results, discussion and conclusion are given in Section 3. When the forecasts from these models were validated, Double Exponential Smoothing model performed better than the ARIMA model.
文摘Tourist route design is essential to the scenic spot planning and tour route design. In this paper, four elements of tourist route design were identified to form the list of tourist route design principle. Based on the analysis of Campbell model, four-point inspiration for tourist route design was summarized, a Campbell model-based schematic of the tourist route design of Rizhao was formed grounded on the analysis of tourism resources and service facilities in Rizhao, so as to explore the optimal way of the tourist route design.
文摘This study aims to gradually reflect information concerning tourists and to propose tourist route model formulation techniques that take spatial reproducibility into account using GIS （geographic information systems）. The conclusions can be summarized into the following three points： （1） Kawagoe city in Saitama Prefecture was selected as the area targeted by this study. All types of data about Kawagoe city and tourists was collected and processed, and a tourist route model formulation method that considered spatial reproducibility using GIS was proposed, （2） 3-stage scenarios were created with the presence or absence of Kawagoe city tourist policies set as standards and this was used to develop tourist route models. It is POSsible to expect synergy in the encouragement of the use of sightseeing buses and the same traffic regulations as the traffic pilot program, and （3） It is considered that it is possible to apply the tourist route model formulation method proposed by this study to other tourist destinations without being limited by spatiotemporal differences or the particular issues of each tourist destinations as spatial reproducibility was confirmed.
