Planning and Designing of Small Towns in Underdeveloped Areas from Perspective of Ecocivilization——A Case Study of Shuinan Town,Jishui County,Jiangxi Province

Small towns are important carriers of rural economy development, and center promoting rural advancement in a specific region. However, many environ- mental problems are emerging with rapid urbanization and expansion of small town scale. The research analyzed existing problems of small town planning and con- struction domestically in the context of the 18th Party Congress and proposed coun- termeasures in terms of scale prediction, intensive use of lands, ＂pastoral＂ land- scape pattern, protection and up-gradation of human ecology with a case study of Shuinan Town, Jishui County, Jiangxi Province.

Discussion on Planning and Construction of Villages and Towns in Nature Reserve——A Case Study of Weitun Town of Hengshui City in China

The development of nature reserve was closely related with that of villages and towns at its surrounding area.It was the core issue to be discussed in the paper as to how to form mutually beneficial relation between them and achieve both protection of nature reserve and economic development of villages and towns.Through analysis on internal relation between nature reserve and villages and towns,it put forward three methods for planning and construction of villages and towns around the nature reserve.By taking Hengshui Lake National Nature Reserve in Weitun Town for example,it hoped to serve as a modest spur to induce exchange and discussion in the field.

Anyang:A Case Study of Foreign University Involvement in Chinese Sustainable New Town Planning

Over the last ten to fifteen years,planning and design professionals in the United States and Europe have increasingly been engaged in consulting work in China.Major Architectural & Engineering firms from the United Kingdom and the United States,for example,have been opening offices in Beijing and Shanghai.Recently,the concern with sustainable urban development and China's policies to alleviate pressures of urbanization has been an engine for commissions for new town plans and city expansion plans across China's provinces.During the 2007-2009 academic years,the School of Planning at the University of Cincinnati prepared a conceptual plan for the expansion of the City of Anyang through a collaborative agreement between the city and it.The experience of the faculty leading this project with field work,the planning process,plan preparation,and the engagement of students has revealed some important issues that need to be addressed by planning schools and planning professionals engaged in planning in provincial China.Thus,this paper is a case study of foreign university involvement in Chinese sustainable new town planning,and the following sections discuss the Anyang Eastern New Town Conceptual Plan,identify the key issues regarding preparing the plan,contracting and payment,data availability,data sharing and field investigation,and finally discuss the lessons learned regarding the planning process,project program and expectations.

Exploration and Reflection on the Village and Town Planning of Chengdu in the Context of Urban-Rural Coordination

This article starts from analyzing existing problems in China's village and town planning, and moves on to look at Chengdu's village and town planning from such aspects as institution management, compilation methods, and implementation mechanism in the context of urban-rural coordination in recent years. In doing so, the article aims to uncover the characteristics and modes of Chengdu's practices and their implications for future village and town planning.

Analysis of the Green Space System Planning in Small Towns with Yifeng Township, Yancheng City as an Example

Taking the green space systems in Yifeng Township for an example, this paper analyzed the characteristics and planning principles of green space system in small towns under the background of rapid urbanization. It also proposed the construction of stable ecological green space pattern of towns, the development of forest-type green space and the planning ideas of green space system in small towns that can embody regional context and implement multifunctional composite.

Application of New West-Sichuan Architectural Characteristics in Tourist Town Design——A Case Study of Conceptual Planning of Chuanzhu Township as a Town of Farming and Sericulture in E' meishan City of China

Evolution history of the new west-Sichuan dwellings was analyzed,and its characteristics were summarized as "properly-arranged layouts,unification with neighboring environment;plain facade,excellent ventilation and sun-shading;free layout of single building,definite axes and orderly changes;application of local materials,showing local cultural characteristics;valuing continuity of local cultures and human relationship".Conceptual planning of Zhuanzhu Township as a town of farming and sericulture in E'meishan City was taken for example to propose the overall planning concepts on the basis of its current conditions.And the planning concepts cover functional division,road system,landscape system and overall image,and aim to integrate regional cultural characteristics into the town planning.

Russian architectural town-planning traditions and innovations in the Far East in the second half of the XIX-the beginning of the XX centuries

The establishment on the Far East of the orthodox Church and cultural stereotypes of the traditional Russian city occurred through active church building. The temples of the Far Eastern cities by its position in urban environment played a role of the basic exponents of the spiritual-state ideals of Russia. Ussumption cathedrals in Khabarovsk and Vladivostok, Nikolsky cathedral in Nikcolsk-Ussurisk, Shadrinsky cathedral in Blagoveshchensk, Saint-Nikolaevsky at Russiand iplomatic mission in Seoul and other orthodox temples of the last thirty years of the XIX-the beginning of the XX-th centuries inherited ancient Russian tradition and were designed in the Byzantian style, style of the Moscow XVII century architecture, in Russian style. The ideas of ″the orthodox, the autocracy and the nationality″ in town-planning are expressed also in devotions of temples and names of new settlements. For example, a large number of temples is devoted to Saint Nicholas. Only in the Primorye Territory they are about 20. Harbin’s Saint-Nikolaevsky cathedral also in a name Nicholas. Harbin’s the Sofia church is devoted to a great symbol Ancient Russia and Russian Empire - church of Saint Sofia in Constantinople. The general plans of settlements and cities of the Far East of the second half of the XIX and boundary XIX-XX centuries were realized by two leading directions of town-planning of Russia: the first is based on the norms of regular town-planning, the second is one connected with the realization of the city - garden concept. The priority remains for classicismical tradition. At the same time, the general plans of Harbin, Dairen realized the innovative idea of the time-the concept of city-garden. On the Russian Far East social town-planning ideas of the city -gardens in a certain measure were embodied in 1910-s in the project of Alexseevsk town; Anutovsky country settlement on Ocean station near Vladivostok, later it was officially named-Garden-City; in a settlement for the railway servicemen on Nikolskay station of the Ussuriskay railway and others. Russian architectural town-planning tradition was enriched by new understanding of the social and town-planning purposes, realized in cities of the Far East in the end of the XIX-the beginning of the XX centuries.

Ecological Planning Idea of Xiaowang Town of Xinyang City and Its Application Study

Xiaowang Town of Xinyang City is taken as research target. Based on regional coordination,ecological coordinated development and status analysis,the development orientation of Xiaowang Town is studied and perfected deeply from space structure layout,road traffic planning,ecological landscape construction and residential space reconstruction. It is devoted to creating a suburban recreational resort and ecological livable new town with prominent industry function,distinctive style and feature,urban-rural integration,and hopes to provide certain reference for ecological construction of related towns at home and abroad.

Planning of Small Cities and Towns in Northwest China Based on New Urbanization Concepts

Construction and development of small cities and towns is signifi cant for promoting economic and social development,and solving issues concerning "agriculture,rural areas and peasants". In view of the rapid development of small cities and towns,confl icts and problems in the planning and construction of the small cities and towns in northwest China have emerged and brought negative infl uence on their healthy and sustainable development. On the basis of analyzing scientifi c connotations and construction needs of new urbanization,development of northwest China,and reviews on planning of small cities and towns in this region,planning paths against the background of new urbanization were explored.

TRANSPORT PLANNING FOR NEW TOWN DEVELOPMENT:EXPERIENCE OF HONG KONG

Since the 1960s, Hong Kongs new towns have been builton the assumption that they could be socially and economically selfcontained entities. A study of the linkage between three new townsand metropolitan area confirms that substantial commuting trips arestill made. The new towns serve as dormitories for people workingin the metropolitan area. The commuters' reliance on publictransport is significant. The towns are thus far from self-containedeven aller 20 years of development. The public transport network,trip rate, peak factor, purpose, mode choice, costs and journey time,are signilicantly different from those originally estimated. Thesemay be related to distance from the metropolitan area,theavailability of modes, the structure of the public transport netwrk,and changs in the economical structure of Hong Kong. lt suggeststhat the direct and indiscriminant importation of Westernplanning practice to plan new towns with an oriental socio-economicsetting deserves critical review.

The Development History and Prospect Forecast of Characteristic Towns from the Perspective of Planning Rationality

Most of the studies on characteristic towns have made policy interpretation and planning convergence as the research focus. There is still a lack of in-depth discussion on the connotation, essence and scientificalness of characteristic towns. Starting from planning rationality and the source of characteristic towns, this study summarizes the cultivation process and essence of characteristic towns, looks forward to its development prospects and expounds the connotation, innovation and scientificalness of characteristic towns in east China’s Zhejiang Province and other places. The study believes that the innovation of the characteristic town Zhejiang model is reflected in the three aspects of industrial choice, space carrier and system design, but there are rational logical faults from the existing cases to the promotion of the whole province, from Zhejiang experience to national promotion. From the perspective of planning rationality, the construction of characteristic towns in China is a development model under the leadership of political rationality. Planners should clearly understand and provide technical rational support to improve the practice of characteristic towns.

GIS-based Village Layout Planning in Towns: A Case Study of Fengyang Town, Fenxi County, Jiangxi Province

Village layout planning is a fundamental work in the construction of beautiful countryside, and also a global work involving vital interests of vast farmers. Taking Fengyang Town of Fenxi County, Jiangxi Province for example, this paper applied Arc GIS to analyze natural facors, social economy, and construction factors quantitatively by evaluating development and construction conditions of each village comprehensively from the perspective of urban-rural integration. Classifying the villages into 4 types, namely urban reform type, concentrated development type, controlled construction type and relocation type, this paper tried to guide the scattered rural settlements to the intensive development.

Small Town Construction in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period: A Case Study of Shangrao City

The 12 th Five-Year Plan period was unusual five years in the development of China. Under the dual pressure of complex international environment and arduous domestic reform task,China made outstanding achievements in economic development,which lays a solid foundation for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the 13 th Five-Year Plan period. The key and difficult points of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects lie in solving issues concerning agriculture,farmers,and rural areas. The 18 th National Congress of the CPC stated that integrated urban and rural development is the fundamental approach for solving issues concerning agriculture,farmers,and rural areas. As a transitional form from rural areas to urban areas,small town play an important role in integrated urban and rural development. In the 13 th Five-Year Plan period,China should take a new road of characteristic urbanization,energetically develop key towns,central towns,and characteristic towns,use points to drive areas,and promote coordinated progress of urbanization construction and new countryside construction. Focusing on the objective of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and taking Shangrao City as an example,we analyzed construction of small town,in order to provide scientific theoretical reference for urbanization development,plan preparation,and policy formulation of Shangrao City.

平原县域集市村特征及其对村镇规划的启示——以河南省宁陵县为例

明确集市村空间分布特征、发展条件与潜力是科学定位其在村镇聚落体系中功能的前提。以豫东平原宁陵县为研究区域,从空间分布、资源规模等多个方面,采用空间分析法、景观分析法等多种手段,将72个集市村与274个非集市村进行对比研究,结果表明:(1)平原县域集镇布局基本符合“六边形”格局;(2)集市村多位于行政边界地带,是二级中心地远距离辐射不足的补充;(3)集市村居民点用地更加集聚高效;(4)集市村交通区位优势更加明显,人力资源、土地资源更加丰富,非农产业发展基础更具优势,基础设施条件更利于现代农业发展,且综合发展潜力更大。鉴于此,在村镇规划与建设过程中,集市村可以作为仅次于集镇的重要节点。

山地历史镇村消防规划的适应性方法研究——以重庆中山古镇为例

消防安全是安全工作的重要组成部分,也是城乡高质量发展的重要前提。山地历史镇村因其复杂的地形环境、不便的对外交通、滞后的经济发展,相较平原地区,面临着更大的火灾风险。研究聚焦山地历史镇村消防面临的难点与现有研究的不足,引入规划适应性理论,按照“从动—适动—能动”的适应性思维,提出了构建精准的防火分区体系、配置多层级立体的消防设施系统、构建平灾结合的消防通道网络、采取灵活的建筑耐火措施等的消防规划路径与方法。其中,在防火分区方面,形成“全面开展火灾风险评估—精准划分防火分区—有效设置隔离空间”的规划技术方法;在消防设施方面,利用山地地势高差、水源充足等特点,构建多层级、立体化的消防设施系统;在消防通道方面,设立基本消防通道—可转换消防通道—可拓展消防通道的三级通道系统;在建筑防火方面,提出构建建筑防火综合评价体系、加强传统建筑内部的电气线路规范化等举措。基于上述方法,以重庆中山古镇为案例,开展了具体的火灾后消防规划实证,可以为山地历史镇村的消防安全保护工作提供重要的经验借鉴。

实施导向下西南历史城镇保护发展路径探索

随着保护规划编制的全面落实,部分历史城镇在现有保护规划的框架下融入遗产的活化利用方式,谋求空间的再发展。但受区域发展条件的影响,固定的保护规划内容无法有效解决西南历史城镇面临着的实施对象复杂、改造方案不明、管控方式单一等问题。研究借鉴现有理论成果反思范式保护的局限性,提出从划定示范空间展示、精准活化遗产功能、构建双向控制体系这3个方面构建面向实施的保护发展路径,以宁厂古镇为例探索遗产保护发展有效落实的系统方法,并构建一套多导则管理的规划成果模式以提升规划的可理解度和可操作性。

村镇社区数字化规划管理功能与技术研究

当前,村镇社区亟待构建以科学、高效、共治、共管为目标的数字化规划管理系统,针对规划管理数据、政民交流、决策技术、实施效果等方面的问题,本文归纳了“规划制定-实施监督-建设运行”全过程管理功能框架,提出公共信息、辅助决策、实施管理、监督检查、信息互馈与数据录入六大数字化管理功能系统及其集成技术逻辑,研发了多源多模态数据融合与集成技术、“规划编制-实施评价”辅助决策技术,旨在为乡村地区提供科学有效、简单易行的数字化规划管理技术。

从“反磁力中心”到“区域节点城市”——论新时代大城市新城建设的功能迭代与规划策略

新时代的新城建设,在应对大城市(含超大、特大城市,下同)发展挑战中的作用与规划策略正在发生变化。本文基于田园城市、区域多中心主义、全球城市网络和“流空间”等理论概念,以“基础性”和“战略性”为视角,对国内外新城建设历程作回溯,并对发展趋势作阐释:一方面,新城作为疏解大城市中心城区人口和产业的“反磁力”中心的作用仍在延续;另一方面,新城的功能亦不断迭代,以至蜕变为“区域节点城市”。鉴于此,本文最后探讨新时代的新城认知更新和规划策略。由于大城市往往具有全球城市的链接特性,而先进生产服务业在空间上呈现集聚和分散两种趋势,可在不同等级中心布局;某些重点新城作为市域的副中心,则可成为全球/区域生产性服务业网络中的节点城市。因而,在新时代的规划中,要主动谋划和引导新城功能迭代,发挥新城作为大城市的功能疏解与区域节点城市的双重作用。

基于生态敏感性的刘河镇生态空间规划研究

以河南省荥阳市刘河镇为基址,在自然地理、生态资源和社会经济3个方面选取具有代表性的7个生态敏感性评价因子,建立生态敏感性评价指标体系,确定研究区域不同层次生态敏感性的生态空间,采用“生态模型—生态要素—生态格局”的评估方法构建“一轴、一心、两区、多廊道、多节点”的区域生态安全格局。