Studies on the Degranulation of RBL-2H3 Cells Induced by Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections

Aims: To study RBL-2H3 cell degranulation phenomena induced by some TCMIs through cell morphological and ultra-structural observation, released enzyme activity and establish RBL-2H3 cell degranulation test indicated by β- hexosaminidase activity as a method to evaluate TCMIs at nonclinical stage. Methods: RBL-2H3 cells were used to study the degranulation by co-culture with positive control C48/80 and some TCMIs through morphological and ultra-structure observation, β-hexosaminidase activity detection. RBL-2H3 cell degranulation test was established to detect β-hexosaminidase activity caused by 17 kinds of TCMIs and their ingredients. The cytotoxicity effect of some TCMIs on both RBL 2H3 and BRL cells was measured by CCK-8 assay. Results: Toluidine blue staining and ultra-structure of electronic microscope observation of treated RBL-2H3 cells showed degranulation morphologically. Detection of β-hexosaminidase activity in the supernatant of treated cells showed some TCMIs had elevated enzyme release rates. Further analysis of the ingredients and compound in Tanreqing Injection and Shengmai Injection showed Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in Tanreqing Injection, Red ginseng and Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis in Shengmai Injection were responsible to the degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells. Osmotic pressures and pH influenced RBL-2H3 degranulation. High Osmotic pressure of Tanreqing Injection and low pH of chlorogenic acid at 2.5 and 5.0 mmol/L congcentration might be responsible to high β-hexosaminidase activity. Most of the TCMIs inducing degranulation had cytotoxicity effect for both RBL-2H3 and BRL cells, but some TCMIs inducing degranulation had no cytotoxicity effect. Conclusion: Some TCMIs can induce degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells;RBL-2H3 cell degranulation test can be used in non-clinical stage to detect the risk causing anaphylactoid reactions. Osmotic pressures and pH influenced RBL-2H3 degranulation, and they should be measured before testing. The mechanism of degranulation caused by some TCMIs is cytotoxic, and some are non-cytotoxic and may be through exicytosis.

Study on the Flow Injection Micro-Column Pre-Separation System Coupled With High Performance Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Ecdysterone in Traditional Chinese Medicine

A flow injection (FI) micro-column system coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was proposed for the pre-separation and determination of active organic component (ecdysterone) in traditional Chinese medicine, Loulu. The factors influencing separation performance were investigated and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the contents of ecdysterone in Loulu were determined by HPLC system using MeOH-H_2O (40: 60,V/V) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1. 0 mL/min. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0. 5~ 100 mg/L of ecdysterone concentrations. The detection limit of the analyte was 0. 11mol/L(3) with a precision of 0. 38% RSD (n=7 f c= 10. 0 mg/L). The average recovery of the method was 98. 7%. The proposed method has been applied to determine ecdysterone in practical samples, and the determined values by both external standard method and standard addition method were in good agreement. Compared to the traditional solid extraction method, the system proposed has the advantages of simple procedure, good reproducibility, minimum volume requirement, reduction of matrix interference and low contamination risk.

Traditional Chinese medicine for activating blood circulation and detoxifying in unstable angina pectoris:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:The purpose of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine for activating blood circulation and detoxifying(ABCD)in patients with unstable angina pectoris.Methods:We performed an electronic literature search of six medical databases for relevant articles published up to December 2014.Randomized controlled trials that compared ABCD Chinese medicine(alone or alongside conventional drugs)with conventional drugs or other Chinese medicines alone were included.A meta-analysis was performed for the following outcome measures:reduction of angina symptoms,electrocardiogram improvement,blood lipid levels,inflammatory factor levels,and plasma fibrinogen levels.Results:In total,11 moderate-to low-quality studies involving 686 patients were included.The evidence indicated that ABCD Chinese medicine exhibited superior effectiveness in relieving angina symptoms compared with conventional drugs[relative risk,1.23;95%confidence interval,1.05e1.44];however,electrocardiogram improvement was not very significant(relative risk,1.21;95%confidence interval,0.91e1.62).Moreover,ABCD Chinese medicine exhibited superior anti-inflammatory,anticoagulant,and lipid-lowering effects compared with other medicines.Conclusions:Within the methodological limitations of the included studies,our results suggest that ABCD Chinese medicine is beneficial for the treatment of unstable angina pectoris.

Evaluation on Common Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Treated by Integrative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine

Objective To evaluate the efifcacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with Western medicine in the treatment of patients with common hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) by conducting a prospective, controlled, and randomized trial. Methods A total of 452 patients with common HFMD were randomly assigned to receive Western medicine alone (n=220) or combined with TCM (Reduning or Xiyanping injections) (n=232). The primary outcome was the incidence rate of rash/herpes disappearance within 5 days, while secondary outcomes included the incidence rate for fever, cough, lethargy, agitation, and vomiting clearance within 5 days. Results The rash/herpes disappearance rate was 45.5% (100/220) in Western medicine therapy group, and 67.2% (156/232) in TCM and Western medicine combined therapy group, with significant difference (P<0.001). Moreover, TCM remarkably increased the incidence rate of secondary disappearance, which was 56.4%in Western medicine therapy group and 71.4%in TCM and Western medicine combined therapy group (P=0.001). No drug-related adverse events were observed. Conclusions It’s suggested that the integrative TCM and Western medicine therapy achieved a better therapeutic efficacy. TCM may become an important complementary therapy on relieving the symptoms of HFMD.

Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric method for the quantitative determination of potentially harmful substance 5,5′-oxydimethylenebis (2-furfural) in traditional Chinese medicine injections

With the rapid development and wide application of traditional Chinese medicine injection(TCMI), a number of adverse events of some TCMIs have incessantly been reported and have drawn broad attention in recent years. Establishing effective and practical analytical methods for safety evaluation and quality control of TCMI can help to improve the safety of TCMIs in clinical applications. In this study, a sensitive and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC–MS/MS)method has been developed and validated for the quantitative determination of potentially harmful substance5,5′-oxydimethylenebis(2-furfural, OMBF) in TCMI samples. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 reversed-phase column(150 mm × 2.1 mm, 5 μm) by gradient elution, using methanol–water containing 0.1% formic acid as mobile phase at the flow rate of 0.3 m L/min. MS/MS detection was performed on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with positive electrospray ionization in the multiple reaction-monitoring mode. The method was sensitive with a limit of quantification of 0.3 ng/m L and linear over the range of 0.3–30 ng/m L(r = 0.9998). Intra-and inter-day precision for analyte was o9.52% RSD withrecoveries in the range 88.0–109.67% at three concentration levels. The validated method was successfully applied to quantitatively determine the compound OMBF in TCMIs and glucose injections. Our study indicates that this method is simple, sensitive, practicable and reliable, and could be applied for safety evaluation and quality control of TCMIs and glucose injections.

Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine injection in treatment of primary liver cancer:a review

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections(TCMIs) for treatment of primary liver cancer(PLC).METHODS:A literature review was conducted using PubMed/Medline,Cochrane Library Controlled Clinical Trials Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),China Scientific Journal Database(CSJD) and China Biology Medicine(CBM).Online websites including journal websites and databases of ongoing trials,as well as some Traditional Chinese Medicine journals that are not indexed in the electronic databases were also searched.RESULTS:The literature review showed that TCMIs as adjunctive medication for the treatment of PLC could regulate patient immunity,reduce bone marrow suppression,relieve clinical symptoms,and improve quality of life,as well as control disease progression and prolong survival time.CONCLUSION:Within the limitations of this review,we conclude that application of TCMIs as adjunctive medication may provide benefits for patients with PLC.Further large,high-quality trials are warranted.

Rapid determination of tannin in Danshen and Guanxinning injections using UV spectrophotometry for quality control

A technique for the determination of tannin content in traditional Chinese medicine injections(TCMI)was developed based on ultraviolet(UV)spectroscopy.Chemometrics were used to construct a mathematical model of absorption spectrum and tannin reference content of Danshen and Guanxinning injections,and the model was veried and applied.The results showed that the established UV-based spectral partial least squares regression(PLS)tannin content model performed well with a correlation coefficient(r)of 0.952,root mean square error of calibration(RMSEC)of 0.476
g/ml,root mean square error of validation(RMSEV)of 1.171
g/ml,and root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP)of 0.465
g/ml.Pattern recognition models using linear discriminant analysis(LDA)and k nearest neighbor(k-NN)classiers based on UV spectrum could successfully classify different types of injections and different manufacturers.The established method to measure tannin content based on UV spectroscopy is simple,rapid and reliable and provides technical support for quality control of tannin in Chinese medicine injections.

New insights for infection mechanism and potential targets of COVID-19:Three Chinese patent medicines and three Chinese medicine formulas as promising therapeutic approaches

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)with high pathogenicity and infectiousness has become a sudden and lethal pandemic worldwide.Currently,there is no accepted specific drug for COVID-19 treatment.Therefore,it is extremely urgent to clarify the pathogenic mechanism and develop effective therapies for patients with COVID-19.According to several reliable reports from China,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),especially for three Chinese patent medicines and three Chinese medicine formulas,has been demonstrated to effectively alleviate the symptoms of COVID-19 either used alone or in combination with Western medicines.In this review,we systematically summarized and analyzed the pathogenesis of COVID-19,the detailed clinical practice,active ingredients investigation,network pharmacology prediction and underlying mechanism verification of three Chinese patent medicines and three Chinese medicine formulas in the COVID-19 combat.Additionally,we summarized some promising and high-frequency drugs of these prescriptions and discussed their regulatory mechanism,which provides guidance for the development of new drugs against COVID-19.Collectively,by addressing critical challenges,for example,unclear targets and complicated active ingredients of these medicines and formulas,we believe that TCM will represent promising and efficient strategies for curing COVID-19 and related pandemics.

基于多学科协作管理模式结合PDCA质量管理工具对中药注射剂的管控效果分析

目的:探讨多学科协作管理模式结合PDCA质量管理工具用于医院中药注射剂管理的成效,为促进中药注射剂的合理应用提供参考。方法:成立多学科协作管理小组,运用PDCA质量管理工具,采取综合干预措施管控河北省中医院(以下简称“该院”)中药注射剂的临床应用。以2020年为干预前、2021年为第1阶段干预后、2022年为第2阶段干预后,对比干预效果。结果:干预前,该院中药注射剂合理使用率为92.38%(3 008/3 256),第1阶段干预后、第2阶段干预后分别升高至94.64%(3 740/3 952)、97.34%(3 766/3 869),与干预前的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),中药注射剂不合理使用情况得到明显改善。第2阶段干预后,在超疗程、未冲管方面较第1阶段干预后明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),且未发现中西药混合输注、溶剂剂量不适宜、给药途径不适宜、溶剂种类选择不当等问题。干预后,中药注射剂相关不良反应占药品总不良反应的比例呈逐年降低趋势,尤其是第2阶段干预后较干预前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P=0.013)。结论:在医院中药注射剂管理中运用多学科协作管理模式结合PDCA质量管理工具,可使管理质量显著提高,该方法值得在医院药事管理中推广。

精细化管理法减少中药注射剂不合理配伍的效果分析

目的:评价精细化管理法减少中药注射剂不合理配伍的效果。方法:通过鱼骨图分析可能影响中药注射剂不合理配伍的因素,针对关键问题实施精细化管理,调查精细化管理干预前(2021年7—12月)、干预后(2022年7—12月)该院中药注射剂医嘱,对不合理配伍医嘱进行统计分析,对比干预前后中药注射剂医嘱配伍不合理率,探讨干预措施的有效性。结果:干预前,25453组中药注射剂医嘱中,不合理配伍医嘱2366组,中药注射剂医嘱配伍不合理率为9.30%;干预后,28466组中药注射剂医嘱中,不合理配伍医嘱855组,中药注射剂医嘱配伍不合理率为3.00%,不合理率较干预前降低67.74%。干预后,中药注射剂医嘱中溶剂剂量不适宜、违反“十九畏”原则和溶剂种类选择不当问题大幅减少,未冲管和中西药混合输注问题已基本不存在。表明精细化管理模式能够有效改善中药注射剂医嘱不合理配伍情况。结论:通过鱼骨图分析可能影响中药注射剂不合理配伍的因素,针对关键问题实施精细化管理,可有效减少中药注射剂的不合理配伍现象,为其他医院中药注射剂的合理应用提供了参考。

参附注射液治疗心肾阳虚型慢性心力衰竭急性加重的临床研究

目的:观察参附注射液治疗心肾阳虚型慢性心力衰竭急性加重的临床疗效。方法:选取2023年10月—2024年1月在安徽中医药大学第一附属医院住院的慢性心力衰竭急性加重病人60例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各30例。观察组给予参附注射液加西医常规治疗,对照组仅给予西医常规治疗,比较两组治疗前后血浆氨基末端B型钠尿肽前体(NT-proBNP)、超敏肌钙蛋白I(hs-cTnI)、6 min步行试验(6MWT)、明尼苏达州心力衰竭生活质量问卷评分(MLHFQ)、中医证候积分及纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)心功能分级。结果:与治疗前比较,两组治疗后NT-proBNP、hs-cTnI水平降低(P<0.05),两组治疗后NT-proBNP、hs-cTnI水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与治疗前比较,两组治疗后6MWT、MLHFQ评分均明显改善(P<0.05),观察组改善程度优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后各单项中医证候积分低于治疗前(P<0.05),观察组治疗后喘促气短、倦怠乏力、畏寒肢冷及言语声低评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率为96.7%,对照组为80.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:参附注射液联合西药常规治疗可改善心肾阳虚型慢性心力衰竭急性加重病人心功能,提高病人运动耐量和生活质量。

盐酸替罗非班氯化钠注射液与丹红注射液等6种中药注射液配伍稳定性研究

目的:开展盐酸替罗非班氯化钠注射液与丹红注射液等6种中药注射液配伍稳定性研究。方法:采取室温(25℃)条件下考察盐酸替罗非班氯化钠注射液与丹红注射液、苦碟子注射液、银杏达莫注射液、注射用红花黄色素、参麦注射液、灯盏细辛注射液配伍后放置0、1、2、4、6 h的外观性状、p H值、可见异物、不溶性微粒数、吸收度变化等情况。结果:盐酸替罗非班氯化钠注射液与丹红注射液、苦碟子注射液、银杏达莫注射液、注射用红花黄色素、参麦注射液、灯盏细辛注射液配伍后,各配伍溶液在6 h内性状均无显著变化,无沉淀、无结晶、无明显可见异物、pH值无明显变化。与银杏达莫注射液、参麦注射配伍后6 h内的不溶性微粒均超出《中国药典》规定限度。结论:盐酸替罗非班氯化钠注射液与丹红注射液、苦碟子注射液、注射用红花黄色素、灯盏细辛注射液配伍稳定,与银杏达莫注射液、参麦注射液配伍不稳定。

红金消结胶囊联合醋酸亮丙瑞林治疗子宫内膜异位症临床研究

目的:观察红金消结胶囊联合醋酸亮丙瑞林治疗子宫内膜异位症的临床疗效。方法:选取82例子宫内膜异位症患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组与治疗组各41例。对照组给予注射用醋酸亮丙瑞林缓释微球治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上联合红金消结胶囊联合治疗。比较2组临床疗效与不良反应发生率,以及2组治疗前后中医证候评分、血清糖类抗原125 (CA125)、抗子宫内膜抗体(EMAb)、脂联素(APN)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)水平、子宫体积、子宫内膜厚度、包块直径。结果:治疗组总有效率为95.12%,对照组为78.05%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组中医证候评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且治疗组中医证候评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组子宫内膜厚度、子宫体积、包块直径均较治疗前缩小(P<0.05),且治疗组上述3项指标均小于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组血清CA125、EMAb、HGF水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),APN水平较治疗前升高(P<0.05);且治疗组CA125、EMAb、HGF水平低于对照组(P<0.05),APN水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组不良反应发生率为9.76%,治疗组为4.88%,2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:红金消结胶囊联合注射用醋酸亮丙瑞林缓释微球治疗子宫内膜异位症疗效显著,能改善患者临床症状和体征,调节相关血清细胞因子水平,且没有增加药物治疗的不良反应。

关节腔靶向注射臭氧联合中药外敷治疗早期类风湿关节炎膝关节病变的临床研究

目的:探究关节腔靶向注射臭氧联合中药外敷治疗早期类风湿关节炎膝关节病变的临床效果。方法:回顾性选取九江市第一人民医院2022年6月—2023年9月收治的80例早期类风湿关节炎膝关节病变患者,根据治疗方案将其分为联合组(n=47)和对照组(n=33),对照组采用临床常规治疗方案,即采用曲安奈德进行关节腔注射治疗,联合组采用关节腔靶向注射臭氧联合中药外敷治疗。均治疗3周。比较两组疗效;比较两组治疗前后的C反应蛋白(CRP)、抗环瓜氨酸多肽抗体(ACCP)、类风湿因子(RF)和甘露聚糖结合凝集素(MBL)水平;比较两组治疗前后的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分及关节超声评估情况。结果:联合组总有效率为93.62%,高于对照组的72.73%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清RF、CRP、ACCP水平均低于治疗前,且联合组均低于对照组;两组血清MBL水平均高于治疗前,且联合组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组髌上囊积液深度、髌上囊滑膜厚度、VAS评分均低于治疗前,且联合组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:关节腔靶向注射臭氧联合中药外敷治疗早期类风湿关节炎膝关节病变的效果较好,可以显著改善患者的血清学指标和疼痛程度,并减轻膝关节病变。

中药注射剂联合常规方案治疗黄疸型肝炎的网状Meta分析

目的:基于网状Meta分析方法,比较不同中药注射剂联合常规方案治疗黄疸型肝炎的有效性与安全性。方法:检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science和Embase中自建库至2022年9月收录的中药注射剂联合常规方案治疗黄疸型肝炎的随机对照试验(对照组患者采用常规方案治疗,不含中药注射剂;观察组患者在对照组基础上加用中药注射剂)。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料后,采用Stata 14软件进行网状Meta分析,采用RStudio软件进行文献偏倚风险评价。结果:共纳入66项随机对照试验,包含6269例患者。观察组患者的干预措施为痰热清注射液、苦黄注射液、清开灵注射液、舒肝宁注射液、岩黄连注射液、茵栀黄注射液联合常规方案,对照组为常规方案。网状Meta分析结果显示,在改善临床总有效率方面,累积排序曲线下面积(SUCRA)排序为痰热清注射液(88.3%)>清开灵注射液(77.3%)>岩黄连注射液(60.3%)>舒肝宁注射液(52.4%)>苦黄注射液(42.1%)>茵栀黄注射液(29.6%);在降低总胆红素方面,SUCRA排序为清开灵注射液(78.3%)>茵栀黄注射液(64.5%)>苦黄注射液(61.0%)>痰热清注射液(59.1%)>舒肝宁注射液(44.2%)>岩黄连注射液(41.8%);在降低直接胆红素方面,SUCRA排序为舒肝宁注射液(95.3%)>苦黄注射液(61.5%)>痰热清注射液(35.0%)。结论:当前证据表明,纳入的6种中药注射剂联合常规方案治疗均可显著改善黄疸型肝炎患者的临床疗效。其中在改善总有效率方面,痰热清注射液联合常规方案疗效最佳;在降低总胆红素方面,清开灵注射液联合常规方案的效果较好;在降低直接胆红素方面,舒肝宁注射液联合常规方案的效果显著。但因干预措施不同及纳入研究质量或数量的局限性,该结论仍需更多高水平研究加以验证。

直肠癌放化疗后反复肠梗阻1例分析

目前,中医外治法已被广泛应用于肠梗阻的治疗中,且安全有效。本研究报道1例直肠癌放化疗后反复肠梗阻案例(在西医常规治疗基础上配合实施中医外治法后,患者病情明显改善,顺利出院),以期为该病的诊治提供借鉴思路。

临床药师对某院中药注射剂合理使用的管控效果

目的探讨临床药师对某院中药注射剂合理使用的管控效果。方法对医院干预前(2020年1月~2020年12月)、干预后(2021年1月~2021年12月)重点监控科室中药注射剂药占比、患者治疗有效率、重点监控中药注射剂用药金额排名及全院药占比、人均中药注射剂费用、中药注射剂不合理使用率等指标进行对比和分析。结果临床药师干预后,重点监管科室中药注射剂平均药占比较干预前降低(1.68±1.37)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);患者的治疗有效率未受到影响,较干预前还有提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);全院中药注射剂不合理使用率由干预前48.50%降低至29.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。此外,重点监控中药注射剂用药金额排名、全院药占比、全院中药注射剂药占比及人均中药注射剂费用较干预前均有所降低。结论临床药师实施的一系列干预措施,可有效改善医疗机构中药注射剂不合理使用情况。在未增加患者治疗失败风险的前提下,减轻了患者的用药负担,同时对鼓励和规范医院合理应用中药注射剂也起到了积极的促进作用。

经皮穴位电刺激联合穴位注射治疗急性难治性耳鸣的疗效观察

目的探讨经皮穴位电刺激联合穴位注射治疗急性难治性耳鸣的临床疗效以及对患者焦虑、抑郁状态的影响。方法将80例急性难治性耳鸣患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。在常规用药的基础上,对照组予经皮穴位电刺激,于患侧听宫穴、中渚穴、翳风穴行电刺激,刺激强度为患者能感知电刺激但不引起疼痛不适。观察组在对照组的基础上加用耳迷根穴注射治疗。以耳鸣功能指数量表(tinnitus functional index,TFI)、焦虑量表(generalized anxiety disorder,GAD-7)、抑郁状态(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)为主要检测指标,分别于治疗后2周、治疗后4周进行评估,并与治疗前结果相比较评价治疗效果。结果两组患者耳鸣严重程度均较治疗前改善(P<0.05)。其中不同时间点观察组耳鸣功能指数量表评分低于对照组(P<0.05),不同时间点两组内焦虑及抑郁量表评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),组间评分比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论以经皮电刺激联合耳后穴位注射为主的中西医结合治疗对急性难治性耳鸣疗效显著,同时能够有效减轻耳鸣患者的焦虑及抑郁情绪,值得进一步研究及推广。

某医院神经内科中药注射剂使用存在问题及对策分析

目的:了解苏州市某医院(以下简称“某院”)神经内科中药注射剂在临床使用中存在的问题,并提出相应解决措施,促进中药注射剂临床合理应用。方法:通过某院电子病历系统,提取2022年1月1日-6月30日某院神经内科住院患者中药注射剂医嘱共719份,运用Excel 2016软件对医嘱的基本信息、中医临床诊断、西医临床诊断、用法用量、联合用药等进行统计分析,发现临床使用存在的问题。结果:719份中药注射剂医嘱,存在以下几类问题:缺少中医辨证、用法用量不适宜、超疗程给药、存在潜在配伍风险。结论:某院神经内科中药注射剂临床应用中存在不合理现象,比较突出的问题是辨证用药问题,通过不断更新审方软件,修改用药规则,通过明确区分中医“辨证”与西医“辨病”,更好地促进神经内科中药注射剂合理使用。