Exploration of Experimental Teaching of Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on"Five-in-One"Practice Teaching System

Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine is a compulsory comprehensive professional course for Chinese pharmacy major,and it is the necessary knowledge for modern Chinese pharmacy talents.In this paper,the experimental teaching of Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine under the"five-in-one"practice teaching mode of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine was explored to provide reference for the experimental teaching of the course Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Analysis of Household Use of Traditional Fuels and Possible Contribution to Deforestation in Kisii County, Kenya

A large majority of Kenyans still rely on traditional fuels to meet their domestic cooking needs. The demand for traditional biomass is therefore likely to increase in the coming decades as long as they remain the most readily available and affordable in comparison to modern energy options. This research sought to analyze the household use of traditional fuels and its possible contribution to deforestation in Kisii County. The willingness of respondents to adopt alternative biofuels and energy efficient stoves and barriers encountered were also assessed. Two structured questionnaires that contained both open and close-ended questions were administered to 436 households and 40 wood fuel sellers respectively. Analysis of variance and regression analysis were used to analyze the alternative hypotheses of the study. It was established that the use of charcoal was the most prevalent compared to other fuels. Household consumption of traditional fuels contributed to an estimated loss of 39 ha of forest cover per annum. However, since 89.7% of the wood fuel used was sourced from other counties, the loss of biomass did not occur in Kisii County. Given a chance, about 63% of the respondents were willing to adopt alternative biofuels and energy efficient stoves. However, the greatest barrier to the adoption of these alternatives was the high cost of purchase. Other barriers identified included lack of government support and unwillingness to let go of traditional cooking practices. It was recommended that the Kenyan government and other stakeholders should promote local technologies for producing energy efficient stoves to make them more affordable to the populace.

Advances in Research Methods of Pharmacodynamic Substances in Traditional Chinese Medicines and Their Application in the Teaching of Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysi

With the continuous progress of science and technology,the research methods of pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine are developing,and the application of these methods in teaching is becoming more and more extensive.By introducing these research methods into the classroom,teachers can help students to deeply understand the nature and mechanism of action of pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine,and improve their interest in and knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine.This paper introduces the definition of pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine,research methods,and their application in the teaching of traditional Chinese medicine analysis.

A quantification model of Traditional Chinese Medicine syndromes in children with idiopathic precocious puberty and early puberty

OBJECTIVE:To establish a quantification model of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndromes by sampling patients undergoing idiopathic precocious puberty(IPP)and early puberty.METHODS:A questionnaire for classifying and quantifying TCM syndromes was designed and administered.All the results were analyzed;the relationship between 3 types of syndrome and 47symptoms were summated.Meanwhile,the frequency distribution of each symptom or sign was aggregated.Fuzzy mathematics was used to develop a quantification model ofTCM syndromes.RESULTS:We found that precocious puberty had 3types of syndrome,including hyperactivity of fire due to Yin deficiency(Syndrome I),depressed liver Qi transforming into fire(Syndrome II),and end retention of damp heat(Syndrome III).In the IPP group,Syndrome I was the most common principal syndrome(100%).Forty-six patients(43.81%)werediagnosed with Syndrome I accompanied by Syndrome II and 11(10.48%)were diagnosed with Syndrome I accompanied by Syndrome III.In the early puberty group,Syndrome I was also the main syndrome(98.39%).The degrees of most symptoms were mild to moderate.Reddened tongue was the most common tongue manifestation(62.86%prevalence)in the IPP group.The most common pulse manifestations were slippery pulse,thread pulse,and taut pulse.The Asymptotic Normalization Coefficient(ANC)method was used to quantify the TCM syndromes in 167 cases.Diagnostic accuracy rate reached 91%,comparable to expert diagnosis.CONCLUSION:We find that there are 3 types of syndrome in the IPP group and in the early puberty group.Syndrome I(hyperactivity of fire due to Yin deficiency)is the main syndrome in the two groups.ANC may be an appropriate for quantification model ofTCM syndromes.

Significance of two different ranking methods for studying fish fauna:a case study on the fish fauna from upper and middle portions from Mekong River

Studies onfish fauna should not only focus onfish composition and the comparison offish composition among the study region and adjacent regions,but should also explore the origin and uniqueness of different taxa as well as the substitution of genera and species.In this study,the value offloristic presence method was modified and renamed the value offish fauna presence(VFFP)method.The specific steps of the VFFP method and the traditionalfish fauna analysis(TFFA)method were refined and standardized.Then,the VFFP and TFFA methods were applied to study thefish fauna of the upper and middle portions of the Mekong River basin.The results indicate that the TFFA method reflects the families(subfamilies)and genera that constitute the main body offish in the studied river basin.The results of the VFFP method show which families(subfamilies)and genera are representative for the basin.Therefore,combining the TFFA and VFFP methods to analyze the composition offish fauna can reflect the characteristics offish fauna from different perspectives.The case study shows that thefish fauna of the Mekong River is a part of thefish fauna of Southeast Asia.Although it shows some similarities to the composition of South Asianfish fauna,it does not belong to the South Asianfish fauna as a whole,and is essentially different from the East Asianfish fauna.This study provides an objective,quantitative,and verifiable method for studyingfish fauna.