Research on the Spatial Characteristics of Traditional Residential Buildings in Ningxia Region

This article takes traditional residential buildings in Ningxia region as the starting point,and through field research and data analysis,demonstrates the specific elements of the spatial composition of traditional residential buildings and the common forms of courtyard space.The study summarizes the regional cultural characteristics of traditional residential buildings in the region,laying a foundation for subsequent research and providing some reference basis.

Mechanical properties of monodirectional Gutou mortise-tenon joints of the traditional timber buildings in the Yangtze River region

The mechanical properties of the monodirectional Gutou mortise-tenon joints of the ancient Chinese traditional timber buildings in the Yangtze River region were studied using the experimental method. Three monodirectional Gutou mortise-tenon joints were designed according to the actual configurations. The failure modes,the hysteretic curves,the skeleton curves, the rotation rigidities, and the energy dissipation capacity of this type of mortise-tenon joints under the low cyclic reversed loading were obtained. The results show that the hysteretic curves of the monodirectional Gutou mortise-tenon joints appear to be Z shape and have obvious pinch effects. During the process of the test,these mortisetenon joints pass orderly through the elastic stage,the yield stage and the failure stage. The energy dissipation capacity of these mortise-tenon joints generally decreases with the increase in the rotation angle. The equivalent viscous damping coefficients of the monodirectional Gutou mortise-tenon joints are between 0. 161 and 0. 193. The results can provide the theoretical base for the computing analysis and repair design of Chinese traditional timber buildings in the Yangtze River region.

Material Analysis of Traditional Folk Dwellings and Its Modern Inheritance:A Case Study of Traditional Folk Dwellings in Hunan Province

Traditional folk dwellings contain rich cultural connotations and plain architectural techniques.In architecture,material is the most fundamental thing,different materials can demonstrate different architectural forms,and reflect local characteristics and change of the time.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the material selection of traditional Chinese folk dwellings.The paper took traditional folk dwellings in Hunan for example to analyze the regional materials and construction of these dwellings,discussed the application of traditional materials in modern architecture,used some cases to explore the innovative application of traditional materials,so as to figure out the new direction of applying traditional materials,and provide references for the construction of modern architecture.

Research on the Preservation Method of Traditional Village Roof Information:A Case Study of Gubeikou Village

Traditional Chinese villages serve as crucial repositories of traditional culture.However,In China,the urgent task of preserving information about traditional village architecture has arisen due to the degradation of these villages’appearance caused by rapid urbanization in recent years.This paper proposes a method for preserving information about traditional village rooftops based on high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery.Leveraging an improved Mask R-CNN model,the method conducts target recognition on the rooftops of traditional village buildings and generates vectorized representations of these rooftops.The precision rate,recall rate,and F1-score achieved in the experimental results are 93.26%,86.33%,and 92.02%,respectively.These findings indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method in preserving information about traditional village architecture and providing a viable approach to support the sustainable development of traditional villages in China.

High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery for the Recognition of Traditional Villages

Traditional Chinese villages,vital carriers of traditional culture,have faced significant alterations due to urbanization in recent years,urgently necessitating artificial intelligence data updates.This study integrates high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery with deep learning techniques,proposing a novel method for identifying rooftops of traditional Chinese village buildings using high-definition remote sensing images.Using 0.54 m spatial resolution imagery of traditional village areas as the data source,this method analyzes the geometric and spectral image characteristics of village building rooftops.It constructs a deep learning feature sample library tailored to the target types.Employing a semantically enhanced version of the improved Mask R-CNN(Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network)for building recognition,the study conducts experiments on localized imagery from different regions.The results demonstrated that the modified Mask R-CNN effectively identifies traditional village building rooftops,achieving an of 0.7520 and an of 0.7400.It improves the current problem of misidentification and missed detection caused by feature heterogeneity.This method offers a viable and effective approach for industrialized data monitoring of traditional villages,contributing to their sustainable development.

A primary study of the acoustics of Chinese traditional theatrical buildings

The traditional performing arts and theatrical buildings in China can be traced back to a long history and were well developed during Song and Yuan Dynasties, 11th-14th centuries. Pavilion stage, opened on three sides and thrusting into the audience area, was unique and the most popular form in the open-air theatres, the courtyard theatres, and the indoor theatres up to the present day. As the traditional Chinese opera is performed in an abstract way, no stage settings are required and used. Therefore, the pavilion stage including the flat or domed ceiling and the back wall is virtually functioned as a reflective shell, which increases the early reflections and also intensifies the sound in the audience area. Meanwhile, it provides sufficient self-support to the performers. Acoustical parameters including reverberation time RT, early decay time EDT, acoustic ratio C （50）, strength index （loudness） G, and stage support factor ST1 were measured and reported on several traditional theatrical buildings.

Application of Traditional Building Materials in Modern Architecture

This paper elaborates the application value of traditional building materials in modem architecture and analyzes the specific application modes of traditional building materials in modem architecture, so as to make traditional building materials advance with the times, better express their unique value, serve modem architecture, and realize combined application with modem architecture.

Merging Traditional Dwelling Form into Modern Neighborhood—— A Holiday Villa District's Planning and Design in Shanghai

Taking a holiday villa district for example, this paper explored the ways of merging traditional dwelling form into modern neighborhood, in the planning and design of this villa district, external space designs of traditional villages were borrowed to stress the construction of traditional spaces, and the layout of road traffi c. It was elaborated that in the design of Chinese residential buildings, not only should Chinese style be applied in the facade design of dwellings, but also traditional dwelling forms should be merged with modern life, so the essence of traditional resident culture can be demonstrated in modern residential areas.

Ecological strategy analysis of human habitation environment in Shanggantang traditional village,Hunan province,P.R.China

Based on the field survey of the traditional village in Shanggantang,Hunan province,P.R.China,we analyzed ecological strategies in aspects of the whole human habitation environment and vernacular building human habitation environment.The ecological strategies included adapting to the local climate,reducing source consumption,utilizing local materials and so on.The research is to provide a reference to practice and theoretical development of eco-folk houses in the area.

Yanbu,Saudi Arabia:A Traditional City in Transition

Transition in the urban configuration of Arab cities has never been as radical and visible as it has been since the turn of the last century.The emergence of new cities near historical settlements of Arabia has spawned a series of developments in and around the old city precincts.New developments are based on advanced technology and conform to globally prevalent standards of city planning,superseding the vernacular arrangements based on traditional norms that guided so-called“city planning”.Evidence to this fact are the extant Arab buildings present at the urban core of modern cities,which inform us about intricate spatial organization.Organization subscribed to multiple norms such as,satisfying gender segregation and socialization,economic sustainability,and ensuring security and environmental coherence etc.,within settlement compounds.Several participating factors achieved harmony in such an inclusive city—an organization that was challenged and apparently replaced by the new planning order in the face of growing needs of globalized,economy-centric and high-tech models of development.Communities found it difficult to acclimatize with the new western planning models that were implemented at a very large scale throughout the Kingdom,which later experienced spatial re-structuring to suit users’needs.A closer look the ancient city of Yanbu,now flanked with such new developments,allows us to differentiate and track the beginnings of this unprecedented transition in settlement formations.This paper aims to elaborate the Arabian context offered to both the“traditional”and“modern”planning approaches,in order to understand challenges and solutions offered by both at different times.In the process it will also establish the inconsistencies and conflicts that arose with the shift in planning paradigm,from traditional-“cultural norms”,to modern-“physical planning”,in the Arabian context.Thus,by distinguishing the two divergent planning philosophies,their impact of the Arabian morphology,relevance to lifestyle and suitability to the biophysical environment,it concludes with a perspective on sustainability particularly for in case of Yanbu.

Historical Timber-Framed Buildings： Typology and Knowledge

This paperprovides a historical overview intending to clarify the methods of interpretation of timber-framed buildings by different authors of construction treatises, and structural intentions of the carpentry designers and master builders, throughout the centuries, until the period when it became scientific structural theory. It describes the ＂box-frame＂ construction that appeared in Lisbon, after the earthquake of 1755, characterized by its good seismic resistance. This knowledge is important to determine a strategy of an efficient restoration practice in historical constructions which require an intervention subordinated to its raised patrimonial and artistic value, minimum, which respects the authenticity of its structural and construction conception and which is reversible and compatible, in physical, chemical, mechanic and aesthetic terms. Empirical understanding of the most important properties of wood to structure purposes, the defects of structural timbers, the framing and the preliminary survey followed by the structural survey were some of the difficulties which can be overcame in practice.

Architectural Features of Stilted Buildings of the Tujia People: A Case Study of Ancient Buildings in the Peng Family Village in Western Hubei Province, China

This paper describes and analyzes the stilted buildings of the Tujia people (an ethnic group living in China's Mainland), a distinctive building style unique to them, from the perspectives of site selection, spatial layout, construction techniques, and cultural inheritance. The cluster of stilted buildings (Diaojiao Lou in Mandarin Pinyin) in the Pengjia Village (meaning most of the villagers share the surname of Peng) is presented as a case study in this paper. The paper makes a case for their preservation as authentic carriers of the Tujia people’s cultural history, which is quickly disappearing due to development pressures. Three preservation strategies are discussed to meet this preservation goal. The first is to provide a detail analysis of the construction language to guarantee authenticity in the documentation, preservation and restoration processes of the stilted buildings. The second is to keep alive the expert knowledge and skill of traditional artisans by involving them in the construction of new structures using diaojiaolou techniques. The third strategy is to encourage local people to “dress-up” discordant buildings constructed mid to late 20th century with well-mannered facades using traditional details such as suspension columns, shuaqi, and six-panel and bang doors. Taking as a whole, these strategies are presented to help local residents, preservation experts, developers and policy makers sustain the irreplaceable cultural heritage and economic independence of the Tujia people.

我国基层中医药服务现状及发展路径探讨

背景我国对基层中医药卫生服务的关注度持续提升,但是目前基层中医药卫生服务体系仍存在问题,制约了我国中医药事业的发展。目的分析我国基层中医药卫生服务体系现状,探索持续提升基层中医药服务能力的策略。方法于2022年12月,检索《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》《全国中医药统计编摘》及国家疾病预防控制局和国家心血管病中心官方网站获取数据,从卫生投入、服务产出、健康需要3个层面构建指标体系,结合秩和比法和WHO卫生系统绩效模块框架对基层中医药服务现状进行综合评价。结果卫生投入方面:2017—2021年,除乡镇卫生院外,其他能够提供中医药服务的基层医疗卫生机构数量均有所增加;社区卫生服务中心(站)、乡镇卫生院、门诊部中医类临床科室床位数呈现上升趋势,但门诊部中医类临床科室床位数占门诊部总床位数的比例有所下降;社区卫生服务中心(站)、乡镇卫生院、诊所中医类执业(助理)医师占比明显上升,而村卫生室的中医类执业(助理)医师占比保持稳定,门诊部的中医类执业(助理)医师占比逐年递减;近5年,基层医疗卫生机构财政投入的绝对数值稳步提高,而中医机构财政拨款波动减少。服务产出方面:尽管各类机构中医诊疗人次占机构总诊疗人次的比例按照一定增幅稳步增长(除中医类门诊部外),但仅村卫生室的中医诊疗量占比始终保持在30.0%以上;除乡镇卫生院外,其他基层医疗卫生机构的中医类执业(助理)医师人均担负年诊疗人次总体上呈下降趋势。根据综合评价结果,2017、2018、2021年处于资源分配适宜状态,而2019、2020年处于资源分配不均衡状态。结论目前,我国基层中医药卫生服务体系建设得到有效落实,但在有序推进的过程中也存在一些不足。基层中医药资源不足、服务与利用不均衡、中医药优势未充分发挥、人才培养机制不健全、财政投入少等问题制约中医药事业的发展。为推动基层医疗卫生机构持续提高中医药卫生服务能力,需要夯实政府职能,进一步弘扬中医药文化,建立激励机制以优化人才培养模式,加强中医药服务与医保政策紧密结合,建设以“信息一体化”为支撑的中医医联体。

能指与所指在革命历史建筑文创中的设计研究

革命历史建筑是我国特殊的历史文化,蕴含特殊情感镌刻其中,是建筑技术与革命文化的体现。革命历史建筑文化面临“内涵弱化、同质化严重”等困境。因此,旨在运用能指与所指符号的设计理论与方法。将地域文化、传统手工艺与革命历史建筑融合设计,纵深内涵探索,扩宽传承路径。首先,分析能指与所指在革命历史建筑旅游类文创产品属性中的物质层与精神层价值;其次,提出能指与所指在革命历史建筑旅游类文创产品设计创新探索过程:其从能指符号的外放呈现、所指符号的内核挖掘总结创新;最后,进行黑龙江革命历史建筑元素具体的设计实践。验证上述创新设计思路的可行性与有效性,可为其他革命历史建筑旅游类文创产品提供参考。

传统民居绿色营造经验的提炼识别与转译方法研究

传统民居建筑中葆有大量契合现代绿色建筑设计需求的营造技艺.但随着城镇化进程的快速推进,传统技艺与匠人传承体系逐步衰落甚至消失,营造智慧濒临失传.同时,由于传统民居并非是基于“绿色”前提来进行营造的,其建筑单体本身是非预设绿色标准的,因此隐藏在传统民居建筑中的绿色营造技艺具有散点、碎片式的分布特征,具有难发现、难梳理、难转译、难应用的特点.为解决此问题,课题提出一种“基于非预设标准单体的微技术集群”研究方法,整合分析多源信息,挖掘提炼数百项地域特色民居绿色营造经验并进行科学化转译,基于健康舒适、安全耐久、资源节约等绿色性能视角,从多点聚合到集群分类,基于不同的技术层次与技术环节,形成相应的“微技术链群”,实现传统民居绿色营建智慧的创造性转化与创新性发展.

从非物质文化遗产保护工作方针谈文化遗产的保护传承

非物质文化遗产具有的多元性、多样性、共享性,使非遗的保护传承获得广泛的响应。非遗保护的核心任务是对人而非物的保护,传承人是非遗的载体,负有非遗传承和发展的责任。本文对非遗传承人制度、传承机制等核心问题进行了探讨,强调了传统传承方式与现代教学手段结合的重要性,通过提高传承人地位、加强教育培训、促进跨界合作等措施,破解当前非遗传承所面临的瓶颈,确保其可持续性发展。同时还讨论了培育传承环境和鼓励社会参与非遗保护的重要性。我国的文化遗产资源丰富,保护和传承工作任重道远,需要全社会共同努力。法律法规建设是非遗保护的重要环节,需不断完善相关法律制度,以保障非遗保护传承工作的行稳致远。

社区共同体何以可能:中国传统邻里营建与治理的智慧及当代启示

根植我国地方传统与文化基因,探讨了中国特色邻里营建与治理的传统智慧。研究揭示,中国传统社会的“双轨政治”与“简约治理”框架下,基层治理呈现出“地血交融、双元共治”的特色模式,基于地缘性的乡里制度与根植血缘性的宗族制度两种力量交织并存于邻里单元。从地域、生活、治理3个核心维度,揭示传统邻里聚落面向社区共同体的整体营建与治理策略:作为地域共同体,邻里单元配置以“地著为本”,依托编户与划地形成“户-地”二重构造的组织逻辑;作为生活共同体,以德治仁学塑造共同价值观,以非正式制度实现化礼成俗和话语认同;作为治理共同体,通过官绅民共治,民间组织为制度力量,均以求平、合作互助实现多元共治。最后面向当代社区共同体建设总结经验借鉴与挑战启示。

藏式传统木结构民居解构与营造研究

文章采用ICP算法结合最优最小二乘法原理针对高度变形的藏式传统木结构民居展开定量化测绘,并利用逆向技术重构原生模型。结果表明:ICP算法结合最优最小二乘法原理可以有效提升多源点云数据融合精度,能够为藏式传统木结构民居研究提供可靠、真实的本底数据,实现了对藏式传统木结构民居的结构解析、实景复原、建筑形态与形制模式及要素特征等肌理阐释。该方法可为其他地区传统建筑的研究与全要素保护提供方法借鉴。

从优秀传统文化中读懂伟大建党精神

伟大建党精神,是我党在长期奋斗中建立起来的精神谱系之源,是中国共产党的精神标识,更是中华民族实现伟大复兴的方法论和指导方针。伟大的建党精神与中华传统文化的渊源也密不可分,其中包含了伟大的民族精神。新时代,我们要从中华优秀传统文化中,读懂、弘扬和践行伟大建党精神,赓续红色血脉。

故宫古建筑油饰技艺中的传统材料研究

为更好地保护故宫古建筑,基于现场调查与分析论证相结合的方法,以油饰技艺中的传统材料为研究对象,即油饰技艺中地仗层之桐油、猪血、麻、砖灰、面粉,油皮层之光油,贴金层之黄金进行分析,讨论其运用方式和主要科学机理。结果表明:桐油、猪血、麻、面粉均有较好的胶结或拉接性能,有利于提升地仗层的防菌、防潮、防裂等性能;砖灰是地仗层的填充料,有利于与灰油等黏结材料进行调和;光油为油皮层黏结材料,且为贴金层用金胶油的主要材料;黄金以金箔的形式,用于贴金面层,使古建筑呈现金碧辉煌的视觉效果。上述传统材料在油饰技艺中的科学运用,体现了我国古代工匠卓越的建筑智慧。