The integration of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV)in future smart cities could help solve many traffic-related challenges,such as reducing traffic congestion and traffic accidents.Various congestion pricing and electric...The integration of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV)in future smart cities could help solve many traffic-related challenges,such as reducing traffic congestion and traffic accidents.Various congestion pricing and electric vehicle charging policies have been introduced in recent years.Nonetheless,the majority of these schemes emphasize penalizing the vehicles that opt to take the congested roads or charge in the crowded charging station and do not reward the vehicles that cooperate with the traffic management system.In this paper,we propose a novel dynamic traffic congestion pricing and electric vehicle charging management system for the internet of vehicles in an urban smart city environment.The proposed system rewards the drivers that opt to take alternative congested-free ways and congested-free charging stations.We propose a token management system that serves as a virtual currency,where the vehicles earn these tokens if they take alternative non-congested ways and charging stations and use the tokens to pay for the charging fees.The proposed system is designed for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANETs)in the context of a smart city environment without the need to set up any expensive toll collection stations.Through large-scale traffic simulation in different smart city scenarios,it is proved that the system can reduce the traffic congestion and the total charging time at the charging stations.展开更多
On the basis of analyzing connotation of congestion pricing,through the qualitative analysis of the main content and implementation effect of the congestion policy in cities such as Singapore,London and Stockholm,the ...On the basis of analyzing connotation of congestion pricing,through the qualitative analysis of the main content and implementation effect of the congestion policy in cities such as Singapore,London and Stockholm,the basic conditions for urban congestion charges were summarized.Compared with Beijing’s urban development,traffic development status,urban transport infrastructure and social factors,the current policy of traffic congestion charging is still not available from the perspective of the current status of car ownership in Beijing,residents’ travel composition,and population density distribution.展开更多
A notable feature of a city or region with close economic and social connections with its neighbours is its highly mixed local and external traffic,and in some cases the external traffic volume is almost as high as th...A notable feature of a city or region with close economic and social connections with its neighbours is its highly mixed local and external traffic,and in some cases the external traffic volume is almost as high as that of local traffic.Whilst local traffic volume may be largely made up of the same regular local commuters making frequent trips,external traffic from outside of the city(region)may not be the same people making regular trips to/from the city.However,from a large pool of people making infrequent trips to/from the city,the existence of external traffic is proven by data from the licence plate recognition system of road vehicles in Changde,China.The function of value of time correlated with the income/wage rate and trip frequency is exploited and verified statistically.The time value distorted by trip frequency is defined as perceived time value(PTV),which also influences the way travellers perceive any travel impedance such as congestion delay and toll charges.This paper analyses the price of anarchy(POA)when explicitly considering the travel frequency of the trip-makers and their PTV,and compares with previous analysis without considering travel frequency.We show that when travel frequency is considered,the optimal toll of congested road pricing schemes which converts road traffic flow from user equilibrium into system optimization is much lower than that without considering travel frequency.The cost of licence plate auction cannot be treated as a congestion toll,which is only a threshold of vehicle ownership.That travellers choose routes by PTV rather than TV(time value)is proven by an example of Heishipu Bridge in Changsha,Hunan Province,China.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China(No.FRF-GF-18-009B,No.FRF-BD-18-001A)the 111 Project(Grant No.B12012).
文摘The integration of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV)in future smart cities could help solve many traffic-related challenges,such as reducing traffic congestion and traffic accidents.Various congestion pricing and electric vehicle charging policies have been introduced in recent years.Nonetheless,the majority of these schemes emphasize penalizing the vehicles that opt to take the congested roads or charge in the crowded charging station and do not reward the vehicles that cooperate with the traffic management system.In this paper,we propose a novel dynamic traffic congestion pricing and electric vehicle charging management system for the internet of vehicles in an urban smart city environment.The proposed system rewards the drivers that opt to take alternative congested-free ways and congested-free charging stations.We propose a token management system that serves as a virtual currency,where the vehicles earn these tokens if they take alternative non-congested ways and charging stations and use the tokens to pay for the charging fees.The proposed system is designed for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANETs)in the context of a smart city environment without the need to set up any expensive toll collection stations.Through large-scale traffic simulation in different smart city scenarios,it is proved that the system can reduce the traffic congestion and the total charging time at the charging stations.
文摘On the basis of analyzing connotation of congestion pricing,through the qualitative analysis of the main content and implementation effect of the congestion policy in cities such as Singapore,London and Stockholm,the basic conditions for urban congestion charges were summarized.Compared with Beijing’s urban development,traffic development status,urban transport infrastructure and social factors,the current policy of traffic congestion charging is still not available from the perspective of the current status of car ownership in Beijing,residents’ travel composition,and population density distribution.
文摘A notable feature of a city or region with close economic and social connections with its neighbours is its highly mixed local and external traffic,and in some cases the external traffic volume is almost as high as that of local traffic.Whilst local traffic volume may be largely made up of the same regular local commuters making frequent trips,external traffic from outside of the city(region)may not be the same people making regular trips to/from the city.However,from a large pool of people making infrequent trips to/from the city,the existence of external traffic is proven by data from the licence plate recognition system of road vehicles in Changde,China.The function of value of time correlated with the income/wage rate and trip frequency is exploited and verified statistically.The time value distorted by trip frequency is defined as perceived time value(PTV),which also influences the way travellers perceive any travel impedance such as congestion delay and toll charges.This paper analyses the price of anarchy(POA)when explicitly considering the travel frequency of the trip-makers and their PTV,and compares with previous analysis without considering travel frequency.We show that when travel frequency is considered,the optimal toll of congested road pricing schemes which converts road traffic flow from user equilibrium into system optimization is much lower than that without considering travel frequency.The cost of licence plate auction cannot be treated as a congestion toll,which is only a threshold of vehicle ownership.That travellers choose routes by PTV rather than TV(time value)is proven by an example of Heishipu Bridge in Changsha,Hunan Province,China.
