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Analysis of the Impact of Road Traffic Safety Facilities on Traffic Safety
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作者 Jiawen Chu 《Journal of World Architecture》 2024年第2期72-77,共6页
The development of the national economy is closely tied to infrastructure construction.In recent years,China has seen a significant increase in the number and scale of road construction projects,aimed at facilitating ... The development of the national economy is closely tied to infrastructure construction.In recent years,China has seen a significant increase in the number and scale of road construction projects,aimed at facilitating the flow of goods and enabling convenient travel for the masses.However,this surge in road construction also raises concerns about road traffic safety.Road traffic safety facilities play a crucial role in warning and protecting against traffic accidents.To ensure their effective implementation,this paper analyzes the essence of road traffic facilities and their impact on traffic safety.By identifying challenges in the application of traffic safety facilities and adhering to safety facility application principles,suggestions are proposed to enhance traffic safety management. 展开更多
关键词 road traffic safety Facilities IMPACT PRINCIPLES safety recommendations
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Potential Application of iRap for Road Safety Assessment under Mixed Traffic Condition Case Study: Le Van Viet Street in Ho Chi Minh City
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作者 Vuong Tran Quang 《Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering》 2023年第2期45-53,共9页
Road transport safety policies have emphasized road infrastructure safety design and engineering as a core function.However,in developing countries like Vietnam,this approach has been slower to adopt,resulting in subs... Road transport safety policies have emphasized road infrastructure safety design and engineering as a core function.However,in developing countries like Vietnam,this approach has been slower to adopt,resulting in substandard roads.In-depth studies of accident locations indicate that road environment factors contribute significantly to road accidents in Vietnam and road design features are associated with specific accident types and hazards.Proactive and reactive approaches,such as road safety audit,inspection,assessment,and treatment of hazardous locations,are necessary to ensure that the road and its environment are safe.This paper provides an overview of road safety in Vietnam in general,and Ho Chi Minh in particular,including its factors and characteristics,as well as road infrastructure safety improvements.The iRap tool for road safety inspection and assessment is highlighted as a potential method for systematically analyzing road infrastructure deficiencies and providing targeted countermeasures to improve road safety under mixed traffic conditions. 展开更多
关键词 traffic safety road safety assessment mixed traffic condition
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Driving Behavior Shaping Model in Road Traffic System 被引量:2
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作者 王武宏 《Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology》 EI CAS 2001年第3期331-336,共6页
In order to give a new way for modeling driving behavior, identifying road traffic accident causation and solving a variety of road traffic safety problems such as driving errors prevention and driving behavior analys... In order to give a new way for modeling driving behavior, identifying road traffic accident causation and solving a variety of road traffic safety problems such as driving errors prevention and driving behavior analysis, a new driving behavior shaping model is proposed, which could be used to assess the degree of effect of driving error upon road traffic safety. Driver behavior shaping model based on driving reliability and safety analysis could be used to identify the road traffic accident causation, to supply data for driver's behavior training, to evaluate driving procedures, to human factor design of road traffic system. 展开更多
关键词 driving errors driving behavior shaping factors driving reliability and safety analysis road traffic safety
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Problems in Ecological Landscape and Traffic Safety of Urban Roads 被引量:1
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作者 陈正斌 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2010年第8期87-90,共4页
This study mainly analyzed problems in ecological landscape and traffic safety of urban roads, and in view of these problems, proposed the design concepts, principles and focuses of urban road eco-landscape ensuring t... This study mainly analyzed problems in ecological landscape and traffic safety of urban roads, and in view of these problems, proposed the design concepts, principles and focuses of urban road eco-landscape ensuring traffic safety. 展开更多
关键词 Urban road ECOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE traffic safety PROBLEMS exploration
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Limiting Nuisance for Traffic during the Refurbishment of the Heinenoord Tunnel in The Netherlands:In Search of Resilience Possibilities
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作者 Ronald W.Mante 《Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering》 2024年第6期276-290,共15页
The Heinenoord Tunnel in The Netherlands connects the Hoeksche Waard Island with the city of Rotterdam.The tunnel is 614 m long,consists of two unidirectional tubes(3 lanes each)and has an average daily traffic load o... The Heinenoord Tunnel in The Netherlands connects the Hoeksche Waard Island with the city of Rotterdam.The tunnel is 614 m long,consists of two unidirectional tubes(3 lanes each)and has an average daily traffic load of 92,100 vehicles.The tunnel was opened for traffic in 1969.The structure is basically still sound,but a full refurbishment of the installations and systems is required,because they are end of life.A long closure of the tunnel(or even one tube)is not possible,because alternative routes are scarce and require significant extra travel time,not suitable for the high traffic load.Thus,various scenarios were considered to assure the accessibility of the Hoeksche Waard during the works,scheduled for 2023-2024.Multi-criteria analyses were performed for each scenario,taking into account the total project cost,societal cost(due to extra travel time)and the total required time span for the works.Refurbishment through“parallel assembly”proved to be optimal.This concept means that the new installations and systems are installed next to the current ones,that will remain in service until the end phase of the refurbishment.The existing installations and systems are only dismantled after integral testing has shown that the completed new ones work properly.This approach allows most of the works to be carried out during a series of night and weekend closures of just one tube.This limits nuisance,because one driving direction is always left undisturbed,while the closure for the other driving direction takes place in low-traffic periods.This paper describes the applied method to select the optimal refurbishment approach,as well as the(partly unconventional)measures that are implemented to enhance the resilience of the tunnel system to assure as much availability for traffic as possible,also during future maintenance works. 展开更多
关键词 road tunnel safety REFURBISHMENT RESILIENCE traffic nuisance social interests
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Order Exponential Evaluation Model for Road Traffic Safety in City Clusters
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作者 Qizhou Hu S.C.Wong +1 位作者 Y.C.Li Minjia Tan 《Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)》 EI CAS 2021年第1期53-61,共9页
This study presents an order exponential model for estimating road traffic safety in city clusters.The proposed model introduces the traffic flow intrinsic properties and uses the characteristics and regular patterns ... This study presents an order exponential model for estimating road traffic safety in city clusters.The proposed model introduces the traffic flow intrinsic properties and uses the characteristics and regular patterns of traffic development to identify road traffic safety levels in city clusters.Additionally,an evaluation index system of city cluster road traffic safety was constructed based on the spatial and temporal distribution.Then Order Exponential Evaluation Model(OEEM),a comprehensive model using order exponent function for road traffic safety evaluation,was put forward,which considers the main characteristics and the generation process of traffic accidents.The model effectively controlled the unsafe behavior of the traffic system.It could define the levels of city cluster road traffic safety and dynamically detect road safety risk.The proposed model was verified with statistical data from three Chinese city clusters by comparing the common model for road traffic safety with an ideal model.The results indicate that the order exponent approach undertaken in this study can be extended and applied to other research topics and fields. 展开更多
关键词 city cluster road traffic safety evaluation model order exponential function
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Increasing Road Traffic Throughput through Dynamic Traffic Accident Risk Mitigation 被引量:2
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作者 Emma Fitzgerald Bjorn Landfeldt 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2015年第4期223-239,共17页
The introduction of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) leads to the possibility to re-evaluate many traditional functions and views of road traffic networks. The ability for vehicles and infrastructure to communicate ... The introduction of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) leads to the possibility to re-evaluate many traditional functions and views of road traffic networks. The ability for vehicles and infrastructure to communicate and collaborate will enable many novel solutions for problems as diverse as collision avoidance and traffic management with the view of reducing traffic congestion, increasing the effectiveness of logistics systems etc. In this paper we introduce a novel framework that utilises VANET information to share information about risk factors among road occupants and infrastructure. We introduce the concept of risk limits as a means of traffic accident risk mitigation, whereby vehicles need to adjust their behaviour to maintain a given level of risk. We discuss determination of risk values and detail this process using the NSW traffic accident database. We show how the effects on risk of particular vehicular behaviours such as speed and headway can be calculated and use these results to modify vehicle behaviour in real time to maintain a predefined risk limit. Experiments are carried out using the Paramics Microsimulator. Our results show that it is possible to reduce the accident rate among vehicles while at the same time increasing road network throughput by exploiting the variation in risk between vehicles. 展开更多
关键词 traffic Management ACCIDENT Risk road safety
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Road Traffic Accidents in Ghana: A Public Health Concern, and a Call for Action in Ghana, (and the Sub-Region)
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作者 Albert Coleman 《Open Journal of Preventive Medicine》 2014年第11期822-828,共7页
This paper highlights the increasing problem of road traffic accident (RTA) related morbidity and mortality in Ghana, and the public health measures needed to control the problem. Descriptive data in the public domain... This paper highlights the increasing problem of road traffic accident (RTA) related morbidity and mortality in Ghana, and the public health measures needed to control the problem. Descriptive data in the public domain from statutory bodies and media houses reports on country RTA information, as well as academic papers on the problem, were used as source of information about the problem. The observed trend in Ghana indicates that RTA related fatalities and injuries continue to be increasing, as morbidity and mortality factors since the year 2000. Most of the remedial measures suggested in academic papers, and state agencies measures to curb the RTA trend in Ghana to date, have discussed the problem in terms of injury and safety issues/measures. This paper suggests that the increasing RTAs with associated morbidity and mortality in Ghana need to be looked at more as a public health problem and priority that requires prompt tackling using a public health problem orientated approach and measures, than just as a safety problem due to RTAs’, as is currently done. 展开更多
关键词 Ghana road traffic ACCIDENT (RTA) Fatalities PUBLIC Health safety
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An Urban Traffic Monitoring System Based on the ArcGIS Engine
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作者 YANG Wei 《International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management》 2013年第2期74-79,共6页
The growing number of vehicles makes traffic jams and accidents significant problems. Making people get to know the real-time road condition can mitigate the effect of congestions greatly, but this is not supported by... The growing number of vehicles makes traffic jams and accidents significant problems. Making people get to know the real-time road condition can mitigate the effect of congestions greatly, but this is not supported by traditional traffic assistant systems. The intelligent traffic system is born to settle these problems. By making full use of the ArcGIS (Arc Geographic Information System) Engine characteristics, this paper designs and imple- ments an urban traffic monitoring system. The main functions of the system include the real-time road condition information display, layer-control, supervisory control management and the basic operations of a map. With the data collected by monitors deployed in intersections, different road conditions are calculated and shown with dif- ferent colors on the map and users can choose suitable roads to get away from the traffic congestion; meanwhile it can offer a reference for a traffic management department to make decisions on traffic control. The system has been deployed and shows high practicability and reliability in practical use. 展开更多
关键词 ArcGIS Engine traffic control intelligent traffic system road condition display
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An Importance Segregation Based Multi-Objective Optimization Model for Traffic Safety Improvement Countermeasure Selection
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作者 Jie Yu Yue Liu Jing Mao 《International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology》 2012年第2期205-218,共14页
This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model to decide effective and beneficial portfolio for implementing traffic safety improvements under budgetary constraints.Different from the conventional multi-obje... This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model to decide effective and beneficial portfolio for implementing traffic safety improvements under budgetary constraints.Different from the conventional multi-objective approaches,the proposed model segregates decision criteria into different importance levels and designs a successive optimization approach to obtain the final solution(s).Such modeling features offer the advantages to:1)prevent the arbitrariness for transportation agencies to determine weights for decision criteria;2)remedy the deficiency of over-weighting less important criteria in the traditional multi-objective optimization approach;and 3)minimize the number of potential solutions for final decision by transportation agencies with enhanced screening of the sub-optimal solutions.Case study results reveal that the proposed model is efficient not only for deciding the most suitable traffic safety countermeasure for a specific site,but also for determining the plans for implementing multiple countermeasures among multiple sites given the budget constraint.Comparative study results have also indicated that the proposed model outperforms the traditional criteria in objectively selecting traffic safety improvements in a multi-criteria decision-making process.The clarity of model inputs and the interpretation of results with respect to different selection criteria offer its best potential to be used as an effective decision-support tool for transportation authorities to assess and refine their safety improvement investments. 展开更多
关键词 Multi-objective decision making Importance Segregation traffic safety Countermeasure selection Transportation engineering
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Investigating the factors affecting traffic violations based on electronic enforcement data:A case study in Shangyu,China 被引量:1
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作者 Fan Haoxuan Ren Gang +1 位作者 Li Haojie Ma Jingfeng 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2021年第2期227-236,共10页
To study the influencing factors of traffic violations,this study investigated the effects of vehicle attribution,day of week,time of day,location of traffic violations,and weather on traffic violations based on the e... To study the influencing factors of traffic violations,this study investigated the effects of vehicle attribution,day of week,time of day,location of traffic violations,and weather on traffic violations based on the electronic enforcement data and historical weather data obtained in Shangyu,China.Ten categories of traffic violations were determined from the raw data.Then,chi-square tests were used to analyze the relationship between traffic violations and the potential risk factors.Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to further estimate the effects of different risk factors on the likelihood of the occurrence of traffic violations.By analyzing the results of chi-square tests via SPSS,the five factors above were all determined as significant factors associated with traffic violations.The results of the multinomial logistic regression revealed the significant effects of the five factors on the likelihood of the occurrence of corresponding traffic violations.The conclusions are of great significance for the development of effective traffic intervention measures to reduce traffic violations and the improvement of road traffic safety. 展开更多
关键词 traffic violations road traffic safety electronic enforcement data multinomial logistic regression influencing factors
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Traffic Calming in Quebec: Speed Humps and Speed Cushions 被引量:1
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作者 Catherine Berthod Carole Leclerc 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2013年第4期456-465,共10页
Speed management is an essential tool in ensuring the improved safety of users of urban roads, particularly vulnerable users. It relies on several measures: awareness campaigns, speed control, as well as the developm... Speed management is an essential tool in ensuring the improved safety of users of urban roads, particularly vulnerable users. It relies on several measures: awareness campaigns, speed control, as well as the development and operation of the road infrastructure. Municipalities in Quebec are increasingly resorting to the development of traffic calming measures, and are facing numerous questions concerning their installation and their effectiveness. To respond to this need, the ministere des Transports du Quebec (Quebec Department of Transport) has begun publishing a series of fact sheets on a variety of traffic calming measures, including speed humps and speed cushions, raised crosswalks and intersections, neckdowns, centre islands and chicanes. A general fact sheet introduces all of the measures and notably outlines the procedure for pre-implementation analysis. Each fact sheet dedicated to an individual measure outlines the implementation context, advantages and disadvantages, geometric characteristics, effectiveness at reducing speed, and maintenance requirements, including winter maintenance. Two fact sheets are already published: the general fact sheet and the fact sheet on speed humps and speed cushions. The fact sheets as well as examples of measures implemented in municipalities are available on the minist6re's web site under Partenaires-Municipalites-Securite routiere. 展开更多
关键词 traffic calming speed management road safety urban streets speed humps.
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Green-Wave Traffic Theory Optimization and Analysis
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作者 Xiaoping Wu Shuai Deng +1 位作者 Xiaohong Du Jing Ma 《World Journal of Engineering and Technology》 2014年第3期14-19,共6页
This paper analyzed the applicable conditions of the Green-Wave traffic theory, used two-phase signal control concept to optimize the Green-Wave traffic theory, put forward specific program for cross intersections and... This paper analyzed the applicable conditions of the Green-Wave traffic theory, used two-phase signal control concept to optimize the Green-Wave traffic theory, put forward specific program for cross intersections and T-intersections. The analysis concluded that the optimized Green-Wave traffic theory is favorable to improve road safety and reduce vehicle fuel consumption and reduce vehicle emissions and other aspects. 展开更多
关键词 Green-Wave traffic TWO-PHASE Signal Control road safety Energy CONSERVATION and Emission Reduction INTERSECTION
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ComplexTrans-Global Rail-Road Transportation System Economical and Clustered Individual and Individualised Public Transport also Prevents the Spread of Covid 19
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作者 Jiri Hofman Roman Cermak 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2021年第5期255-276,共22页
Land transport can no longer meet the requirements.European transport can be described by these words−crowded motorways and cities,dangerous emissions,ubiquitous traffic accidents,delays,expensive railways.Solutions a... Land transport can no longer meet the requirements.European transport can be described by these words−crowded motorways and cities,dangerous emissions,ubiquitous traffic accidents,delays,expensive railways.Solutions are being sought to transfer a large part of passengers and especially freight transport to(high-speed)rail,and efforts are moving towards electromobility,car-sharing,5G-connectivity,autonomous driving,MaaS(Mobility as a Service)-coordinated transport or hyperloop-type solutions.However,all these solutions have additional challenges and limitations.Solutions are not being searched where they really exist-in the mutual adaptation of road and rail vehicles and their deep cooperation.The ComplexTrans project shows that simply adapting the dimensions and functions of road and rail vehicles can eliminate(or at least significantly reduce)all the problems of existing land transport.The main features of the ComplexTrans system are sufficient parking spaces,reduction of urban and non-urban congestion,electric vehicles with unlimited range and cheaper than standard cars,cheaper and more accessible battery charging,“autonomous ride”,solving the overlap between passenger and freight rail transport and making it self-financing,transferring intercity freight transport to rail,replacing part of continental air transport and many others.The cost-effective and clustered individual transport and individualised public transport of the ComplexTrans system also bring very significant reductions in the risk of transmission of covid-19 and other contagious diseases during transport. 展开更多
关键词 land transport intermodal transport mixed transport road and rail transport passenger and freight transport city transport intercity transport private transport public transport MAAS covid prevention in public transport e-mobility autonomous ride car parking traffic density reduction platooning range extender battery exchange energy need reduction CO2 emissions reduction V2G transport and energy sector cooperation energy safety
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高速公路风险防控设施应用研究综述与展望 被引量:4
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作者 李海舰 刘中华 +2 位作者 陈开群 齐建宇 赵晓华 《交通运输工程与信息学报》 2024年第1期54-78,共25页
高速公路风险防控设施的合理应用能够显著降低交通运行风险。本文首先针对高速公路风险防控设施的研究现状进行了回顾与总结,将高速公路风险防控设施划分为非电气化防控设施和电气化防控设施。其次,归纳了高速公路非电气化和电气化防控... 高速公路风险防控设施的合理应用能够显著降低交通运行风险。本文首先针对高速公路风险防控设施的研究现状进行了回顾与总结,将高速公路风险防控设施划分为非电气化防控设施和电气化防控设施。其次,归纳了高速公路非电气化和电气化防控设施在风险防控中的作用以及研究中的关键问题,讨论了不同电气化风险防控设施的应用场景及其效用。然后,对由电气化设施构成的风险防控系统在多种典型场景中的应用效果进行了分析。最后,对高速公路风险防控设施应用综述结果及未来发展情况进行了总结。文献综述结果表明,高速公路风险防控设施和系统在不同场景中均能起到积极的效果;非电气化防控设施受限于自身物理特性,在应对动态信息发布和主动性、针对性风险防控上存在一定的不足;电气化风险防控设施以及风险防控系统的应用越来越广泛,对交通拥堵、不良天气等交通风险的防控愈加完善。同时,日渐成熟的车路协同技术和不断发展的智慧公路系统也是未来保障高速公路交通安全的重要一环。本文的研究成果可在一定程度上为今后高速公路风险防控设施的选型、设置及应用提供一定的借鉴。 展开更多
关键词 交通工程 风险防控技术 高速公路 交通标志标线 交通安全设施 研究综述
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Evaluating the Feasibility of Road Diets for Advancing Urban Mobility in Newark, DE
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作者 Patrick Boyle Ardeshir Faghri Rodolfo Gomes 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2023年第4期657-673,共17页
Road Diets are far from a new technique for designers to apply to roadways. Yet after over 50 years of implementation and countless studies into their effectiveness, it is only relatively recently that the process is ... Road Diets are far from a new technique for designers to apply to roadways. Yet after over 50 years of implementation and countless studies into their effectiveness, it is only relatively recently that the process is gaining widespread recognition and implementation. Each year, more states and countries are examining potential road diets and putting them into place. Still, there remains great skepticism and opposition in many corners. In addition, cities and states may be drawing from many of the same sources in how to go about the process of a road diet and evaluate them, yet their methodology, goals, and even terminology can vary from region to region. This study analyzes the implementation of a road diet along a one-way arterial road, in Newark, Delaware. The primary aim of this analysis is to evaluate the feasibility of introducing a dedicated bicycle infrastructure to enhance local accessibility and to quantify its potential impacts on traffic flow, parking availability, and loading logistics within the vicinity. While the reduction of one lane could be perceived as a constraint on traffic management, the investigation revealed that E Main Street, the roadway analyzed, for the most part, can adequately accommodate its traffic load with a single lane. Detailed findings underscore the notable enhancement in level of service and subsequent reduction in delay times across most surveyed approaches. 展开更多
关键词 road Diets VISSIM Bike Lanes Level of Service traffic safety TRANSPORTATION
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A Novel Network Screening Methodology for Rural Low-Volume Roads
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作者 Ahmed Al-Kaisy Sajid Raza 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2023年第4期599-614,共16页
Low-volume roads (LVRs) are an integral part of the rural transportation network providing access to remote rural areas and facilitating the movement of goods from farms to markets. These roads pose unique challenges ... Low-volume roads (LVRs) are an integral part of the rural transportation network providing access to remote rural areas and facilitating the movement of goods from farms to markets. These roads pose unique challenges for highway agencies including those related to safety management on the highway network. Specifically, traditional network screening methods using crash history can be effective in screening rural highways with higher traffic volumes and more frequent crashes. However, these traditional methods are often ineffective in screening LVR networks due to low traffic volumes and the sporadic nature of crash occurrence. Further, many of the LVRs are owned and operated by local agencies that may lack access to detailed crash, traffic and roadway data and the technical expertise within their staff. Therefore, there is a need for more efficient and practical network screening approaches to facilitate safety management programs on these roads. This study proposes one such approach which utilizes a heuristic scoring scheme in assessing the level of risk/safety for the purpose of network screening. The proposed scheme is developed based on the principles of US Highway Safety Manual (HSM) analysis procedures for rural highways and the fundamentals in safety science. The primary application of the proposed scheme is for ranking sites in network screening applications or for comparing multiple improvement alternatives at a specific site. The proposed approach does not require access to detailed databases, technical expertise, or exact information, making it an invaluable tool for small agencies and local governments (e.g. counties, townships, tribal governments, etc.). 展开更多
关键词 Network Screening Low-Volume roads Rural Highways traffic safety
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公路隧道入口区域驾驶人吸睛效应综合评价 被引量:2
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作者 韩磊 杜志刚 +1 位作者 马傲君 焦方通 《交通运输系统工程与信息》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期313-322,共10页
为全面和系统评价公路隧道入口区域视觉吸引对驾驶人吸睛效应视觉表现的影响,本文招募30名被试开展自然驾驶实验,采集驾驶人在公路隧道入口区域不同视觉吸引条件下的眼动数据,基于因子分析法选取驾驶人吸睛效应敏感评价指标,并分别构建... 为全面和系统评价公路隧道入口区域视觉吸引对驾驶人吸睛效应视觉表现的影响,本文招募30名被试开展自然驾驶实验,采集驾驶人在公路隧道入口区域不同视觉吸引条件下的眼动数据,基于因子分析法选取驾驶人吸睛效应敏感评价指标,并分别构建线性混合效应模型和数据包络分析模型,识别和探究公路隧道入口区域视觉吸引对驾驶人吸睛效应视觉表现的影响特征和作用机理。结果表明:因子分析结果显示,驾驶人吸睛效应敏感视觉指标为注视持续时间、瞳孔直径、扫视持续时间和扫视幅度;公路隧道入口区域不同视觉吸引条件对驾驶人吸睛效应的视觉表现和综合效率有显著影响,且受驾驶人年龄和驾驶经验的个体特质因素影响显著,而性别因素对其没有显著性影响;视觉吸引的存在均会不同程度地损害驾驶人的正常视觉绩效,降低其合理有效性;提示标语视觉吸引条件下,驾驶人的视觉注意水平最差,视觉认知负荷程度最高,吸睛效应的负面影响最大,广告牌条件次之。 展开更多
关键词 交通工程 吸睛效应 线性混合效应模型 数据包络分析 隧道入口区域 交通安全
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基于实车路试的高速公路减速标线运行效果研究 被引量:1
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作者 徐进 张高峰 +1 位作者 唐勇 阳恩慧 《安全与环境学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期1450-1459,共10页
为探寻高速公路减速标线设置对小客车的纵向运行特性的影响,明确减速标线的减速效果,以G50沪渝高速重庆段的3处减速标线区段为对象,开展了实车驾驶试验,采集了自然驾驶状态下的车辆速度、加速度和轨迹等数据,对比分析了车辆经过3处减速... 为探寻高速公路减速标线设置对小客车的纵向运行特性的影响,明确减速标线的减速效果,以G50沪渝高速重庆段的3处减速标线区段为对象,开展了实车驾驶试验,采集了自然驾驶状态下的车辆速度、加速度和轨迹等数据,对比分析了车辆经过3处减速标线区段时的速度整体特征、幅值分布和变化模式;同时分析了纵向减速度变化特征;根据速度与加速度的组合示意图和纵向减速标线设置区段内速度的最大降幅、起止点的速度差异性,评价了减速标线的实施效果。结果表明:由于道路线形条件不同,3处减速标线区段的车辆行驶速度整体特征和变化模式存在差异,其中弯坡组合路段车辆速度存在波动,分为“近匀速—减速—加速—稳定—加速”的五阶段变化模式;减速度中位值和85%位值分别为0.123 m/s^(2)、0.225 m/s^(2)、0.185 m/s^(2)和0.346 m/s^(2)、0.513 m/s^(2)、0.489 m/s^(2)。减速标线主要有两方面作用效果:能够使车辆运行车速显著降低,或能够抑制车辆速度增加的趋势。研究成果为高速公路减速标线有效性评价及安全改善提供了基础数据支持。 展开更多
关键词 安全工程 交通安全 高速公路 自然驾驶试验 减速标线 振动减速标线 驾驶行为
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面向智能视频监控的空中交通管制员图像分割 被引量:1
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作者 王超 董杰 陈含露 《安全与环境学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期206-212,共7页
为解决复杂场景下空中交通管制员检测与分割精度低、鲁棒性差的问题,提出一种基于掩码区域卷积神经网络(Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks, Mask R-CNN)的管制员图像分割模型ATC Mask R-CNN(ATC Mask Region-based Conv... 为解决复杂场景下空中交通管制员检测与分割精度低、鲁棒性差的问题,提出一种基于掩码区域卷积神经网络(Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks, Mask R-CNN)的管制员图像分割模型ATC Mask R-CNN(ATC Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks)。首先,构建管制员监控图像数据集(ATC Monitor Image Dataset, AMID)并用于模型训练、测试;其次,在主干网络中引入瓶颈注意力模块(Bottleneck Attention Module, BAM)以增强管制员特征提取,采取改进的柔性非极大值抑制算法(Soft Non-maximum Suppression, Soft-NMS)替代NMS算法进行候选框选取,提高对遮挡目标的检测分割;最后,基于AMID进行管制员图像分割试验。结果显示:ATC Mask R-CNN的精确率、召回率和平均精度分别为96.49%、95.62%和88.84%,表明了该方法的有效性。与Mask R-CNN相比,ATC Mask R-CNN有效降低了复杂场景的不利影响,更适用于管制员工作场景,可以为管制大厅安全管理自动化应用提供技术支撑。 展开更多
关键词 安全工程 智能视频监控 复杂场景 空中交通管制员 实例分割
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