Traffic Noise Pollution： Spectra Characteristics and Windows Sound Insulation in Laboratory and Field Measurements

The traffic spectra influence on indoor noise through windows is evaluated with laboratory and field measurements. Different traffic noise spectra were registered and reproduced, simulating the outdoor traffic conditions through different windows. Spectrum adaptation terms for the recorded spectra were different from the ones obtained from the Standards, showing that Normative gives a safe evaluation of the Weighted Sound Insulation Index. In field measurements, the level abatements calculated from the Facade Acoustic Insulation Index corrected with the adaptation terms shows that the ones from the Standard do not give a good approximation, while if the level abatements is calculated using the adaptation terms from the registered spectra, a more reliable approximation is achieved. Furthermore, comparing the level abatements for two windows having both Rw equal to 41 dB, very different values were obtained at different frequencies; therefore to characterize acoustic performances of windows, sound insulation curves are also needed. The correlation between the mean difference between adaptation terms calculated from the standard and the one between abatements obtained with pink noise and the ones obtained with the registered spectra is good, but different for road traffic and trains. In both, the difference diminishes when the difference between the abatements increases.

3D Analysis and Investigation of Traffic Noise Impact from Hemmat Highway Located in Tehran on Buildings and Surrounding Areas

This study analyzes and investigates the impact of traffic noise on high rise buildings and surrounding areas by the side of Hemmat Highway that links west of Tehran to the east. In this study, a 3D traffic noise simulation model is applied on a GIS system. Visualized noise levels are formulated by the proposed model for noise mapping on all surfaces of the buildings and surrounding ground in a 3D platform. The investigation shows that there is a high traffic noise impact on the foreground and front facades of buildings, rendering these areas unsuitable for residential purposes. The ground area by the sides of buildings and the building side panels receive a lower noise impact. Most of these areas are still not acceptable for residential and even commercial use, only the back yards and back panels, have the lowest traffic noise impact. It also shows that the building height is not an effective factor for reducing motorway noise on the upper part of the building. Finally, construction cantilever barriers with a height of seven meters, close to the outer edge of the highway was presented as an effective way to reduce noise within the allowable range of noise pollution for commercial and residential purposes.

PREDICTION AND EVALUATION OF POLLUTION OF URBAN TRAFFIC NOISE IN CHINA

The medium/long term prediction of urban traffic noise and evaluation of noisepollution in "macroscopic" way using computer are new research work in China. Inthis paper, some investigations, including the methods of predicting and evaluatingurban traffic pollution, have been repotted. Models for vehicles’ flow and propagationof noise in urban areas have been set up. Finally, a set of computer programs forthese purposes is given. Models and computer program have been tested in more than70 cities of China. It is proved that they can be used in medium/long term predictionof urban traffic noise pollution in China, and they are also of great values in evalu-ating the extent of urban traffic noise pollution.

Impact of Noise Barriers on Air-Pollution Dispersion

The impact of noise barriers on gaseous air-pollution dispersion was examined using the high-resolution CLMM (Charles University LES (Large Eddy Simulation) Microscale Model). The dispersion of a mixture of nitrogen oxides (denoted as NOx—a mix of NO and NO2) was computed, providing the simulation in which wind direction is approximately perpendicular to the noise barriers. The barriers were assumed to be straight and infinitely long, with a height of 3 m. Dispersion of NOx was modeled for situations with no noise barriers along the highway, barriers on both sides, and for a single barrier on the upwind and downwind sides of the highway. The modelling results are presented and discussed in relation to previous studies and the implications of the results are considered for pollution barriers along highways.

Changes in call properties of Boana pulchella (Anura, Hylidae) in response to different noise conditions

The increasing expansion of urban areas leads to the emergence of new noisy environments that can affect animal communication.Calls play a crucial role in the mating displays of anurans,and the negative impact of anthropogenic noise-induced auditory masking has been reported in several species.We investigated the acoustic variation in 96 males(n=971 calls)of the treefrog Boana pulchella across acoustically undis-turbed sites and different noise conditions,associated with urban areas(URBAN)and roads(ROAD),in Central Argentina.We analyzed the effect of anthropogenic noise conditions on 6 temporal(call duration[CD],intercall interval,first and second note duration,internote interval,and call rate)and 3 spectral(dominant frequency of first and second note,frequency difference between them)call properties.The effects of temperature and size on acoustical variables were controlled.We observed differences in all call attributes among the noise conditions,except for intercall interval.Males exposed to URBAN and ROAD exhibited significant changes in CD,dominant frequency of the second note,and fre-quency difference between them.URBAN males had longest internote interval,while ROAD individuals displayed increased first and second note duration and call rates.Interestingly,ROAD males exhibited immediate changes in call rate in direct response to passing heavy vehicles.Our study emphasizes the impact of anthropogenic noise on the acoustic characteristics of B.pulchella calls.Understanding how animals adapt to noisy environments is crucial in mitigating the adverse effects of urbanization on their communication systems.Future investigations should explore whether the observed call adjustments are effective in avoiding or mitigating the negative consequences of anthropogenic noise on reproductive success.

噪声污染问题化解对策研究——以广州市为例

噪声与市民日常生活紧密相关,噪声污染问题也日益突出,给城市整体环境治理带来严峻挑战。广州市噪声污染类型主要是社会生活噪声和建筑施工噪声,这主要是广州市城市快速发展、市民娱乐多样化等导致的。据此分析噪声污染化解处理存在四大难点,分别是矛盾化解难度大、监管机制不完善、源头预防不到位和共治意识待加强。针对以上四大难点提出广州市噪声污染问题的化解需要从科技赋能、完善制度、源头防控和社会共治方面入手。

电动汽车对降低交通噪声和大气污染的共同效益研究动态

选取来自国际学术期刊的论文,以概述形式对城市交通理论方法、实证分析等学术研究成果进行总结性介绍,旨在增强城市交通业界和学界对国际学术动向和研究热点的关注,促进学术交流。本期选取的论文名为《电动汽车对降低交通噪声和大气污染的共同效益》。论文通过对比香港地区轻型车辆和公共汽车全面电气化前后产生的交通噪声和大气污染,呈现了电气化在降低交通噪声方面的积极作用。研究显示,电动汽车替代燃油汽车后不同地区道路交通噪声有不同程度下降,不同车辆场景下NO_(2)和PM_(2.5)也降幅不同,这两方面的效益能够为城市居民身心健康带来积极效果。

基于综合污染指数法的声环境质量评价

基于综合污染指数法,评价了2017—2022年泉州市中心城区城市区域环境噪声、道路交通噪声和功能区环境噪声。2017—2022年泉州市中心城区城市区域环境噪声的综合污染指数为1.70~1.83,评价结果为二级,即较好。道路交通噪声的综合污染指数为0.82~2.03,评价结果有好、较好和一般。功能区噪声污染综合指数为0.61~10.7,同一个功能区不同年份下的污染综合指数值存在一定的差异;评价等级以2类区的为最佳,评价等级均不低于一般级别;以4类区的为最差,评价等级均为差。相比等效声级单因子评价法,综合污染指数法综合考虑等效声级的大小、噪声污染级、受噪声影响的人数、超标率、超标路段长度等因素,其评价结果更能反映出声环境质量的实际情况,评价结果更加合理。

福州市五城区声环境质量状况及污染防治对策研究

以“十三五”期间福建省福州市五城区声环境质量监测数据及污染投诉情况为基础,从功能区声环境质量、区域声环境质量、道路交通声环境质量、噪声投诉情况等方面对现状进行分析,基于分析结果剖析了福州市在快速发展过程中存在的社会生活噪声污染日益突出、施工噪声持续扰民、交通噪声夜间污染严重、声环境监测网络亟须完善、噪声权责监管体系不清等问题,并提出应加强噪声源头管控、合理开展规划布局,建立噪声区划动态调整机制、健全声环境质量监测网络,坚持分类管控、实施精准科学依法治污,健全污染防治制度体系、厘清部门监管职责,完善联合执法协调联动机制、部门齐抓共管等污染防治对策。

交通噪声的污染防治技术分析

近年来,随着我国经济的快速增长,城市化进程加速,居民的出行需求显著增加。这一变化带来了交通噪声污染问题,对居民的日常生活和学习环境造成了不小的影响。为了促进经济与社会的和谐发展,必须采取有效的污染防治措施,以改善和提升人们的生活质量。分析交通噪声污染的防治技术,探讨如何从多角度出发,采取综合措施,以期达到优化生活环境、推动社会可持续发展的目标。

城市噪声污染及监测方法研究

本文通过对城市噪声污染的来源及影响进行综合分析,利用远程与自动化监测、无人机与卫星技术、大数据与人工智能完成城市噪声污染监测,最终采取合适的措施完成噪音控制,降低城市噪声污染程度,为构建更和谐、更宜居的城市环境提供帮助。

居住区交通噪声污染影响分析及防治对策的研究——以大连市泉水居住区为例

采用德国Datakustik公司出品的Cadna/A软件,模拟预测了大连市泉水居住区开发建设后交通噪声污染的影响,提出了切实可行的交通噪声防治对策,对其它居住区开发建设具有借鉴意义.

长沙市主要路口交通性污染现状

目的了解长沙市主要路口交通性污染现状。方法现场监测长沙市6个主要路口噪声、NO2、臭氧 (O3)和总悬浮颗粒物 (TSP)浓度及车流量 ,每天3次 ,连续5d。结果6个主要路口车流量为1203～3715辆/h ,噪声为69～88dB(A) ,NO2 为0.092～0.238mg/m3,O3 为0.238～0.303mg/m3,TSP为0.71～1.47mg/m3;O3 超标率达93%～100% ,平均98%。结论长沙市主要路口噪声和O3 污染最严重 ,交通污染与车流量。

交通噪声综合影响指数及噪声控制研究

道路交通噪声污染对人体健康和社会经济的发展是一大危害。在分析已有的环境噪声评价方法的基础上,考虑交通噪声的特点,提出了适于我国道路交通环境噪声评价的交通噪声综合影响指数,并从低噪声车辆的研究、道路设计、城市规划、标准和法规等四个方面阐述了降低城市道路交通噪声的有效防治对策。

交通噪声经济损失估算方法研究

噪声污染带来的经济损失是多方面和难以计算的。本文以交通噪声为例,运用环境经济学的观点和方法,介绍了估算交通噪声污染损失的3种常用方法:损害费用法、意愿型调查评估法和防护费用法,并对它们进行了比较研究。

高速公路与城市道路沿线交通噪声对环境的污染分析

在我国一些中心大城市，道路交通量迅猛增长，交通污染的问题也日益突出。本文主要阐述了交通噪声对道路沿线环境污染的危害，并提出了以降噪为主要目标的综合治理方法以及防治措施：采用多孔隙低噪声沥青路面、设置声屏障以及在道路两侧设置绿化带降低噪声等，以期能引起社会和市民重视该问题的重要性和紧迫性，进一步推动交通污染治理工作，还道路沿线周围人们一个优良的生活环境。

城市道路交通噪声分析与防治对策研究

对呼和浩特市区主要交通干道的交通流及交通进行噪声测量,并针对该市区道路和交通现状进行分析研究。从路网建设、绿化林带、降噪路面、交通管制等四个方面提出较为有效合理的道路交通噪声污染防治措施。

内科病房噪音污染与护理对策

现在社会,患者对于住院环境要求越来越高,不仅环境要清洁,还要安静舒适,本文章分析了内科病房存在噪音的来源,并针对原因进行了分析,为降低内科病房的噪音提出针对性措施,从而降低了内科病房的噪音。

城市轨道交通的噪声及控制对策

近年来,国内轨道交通的建设步伐明显加快,促进了经济发展,但轨道交通也带来了噪声问题。文章分析了轨道交通噪声的产生机理、传播规律,并以津滨快轨为例,提出了轨道交通噪声的控制对策。

平顶山市区道路交通噪声污染现状与防治

对平顶山市区道路交通噪声污染现状进行了调查 ,分析了市区道路交通噪声产生的原因和污染特点 。