This paper reviews a strategic scientific proposal to dig and construct three navigable sea lanes linking isolated inland seas and blocked side bays and linking it with the open seas, to facilitate the movement of fre...This paper reviews a strategic scientific proposal to dig and construct three navigable sea lanes linking isolated inland seas and blocked side bays and linking it with the open seas, to facilitate the movement of free trade and international navigation, and to break the captivity of geographically isolated environments, and to give a strategic advantage to some areas and sectors that are neglected politically, socially, economically and environmentally, and to adopt the strategy of establishing a marine channel between the “Caspian Sea” and the “Black Sea” through the “lands belonging to Russia”. On digging a navigational canal at the lowest cost in a plain area within the territory of Russia, with a length of approximately 600 kilometers (616 km), starting from the nearest bay in the Caspian Sea, passing near the city of “Pyatigorsk” to the city of “Sochi” on the Black Sea, while it comes: -The strategy of the waterway and the sea channel between the “Caspian Sea” and the “Arabian Gulf” through the “lands belonging to Iran” by digging and cutting a path in the rocks with a width of 100 meters and a length of about 700 kilometers, and at a time rate of less than 10 years, and this project will liberate all countries in the Caspian Sea, and the study concludes with the strategy of the navigational channel between the “Arabian Gulf” and the “Mediterranean Sea” through the two countries of “Iraq-Syria”, with a length of about 1350 km, and the world will benefit in the security, commercial and political fields.展开更多
总结43例纵膈异常肿瘤患者行经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)的实践经验。针对纵膈异常肿瘤患者PICC置管过程中易出现导管置入长度测量不准确以及送管困难等问题,通过多学科团队合作,构建科...总结43例纵膈异常肿瘤患者行经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)的实践经验。针对纵膈异常肿瘤患者PICC置管过程中易出现导管置入长度测量不准确以及送管困难等问题,通过多学科团队合作,构建科学的临床操作方案:置管前增加胸部增强CT评估,胸部CT结合体表测量确定导管预置入长度,置管中注意送管技巧及运用心电定位技术减少送管困难,及时发现导管异位,置管后特殊案例资料填写并加强延续性管理。43位患者成功留置PICC导管,将导管置入理想位置为34例,置入理想位置准确率为79.1%,上腔静脉下段位置7例,右心房2例,2例患者经导管外拔处理后导管尖端位于理想位置。展开更多
目的构建经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的预防性护理策略。方法于中国知网、维普、万方、Google学术、Cochrane Library、Up To Date等期刊数据库检索其2018至2022年收录关于经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者医...目的构建经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的预防性护理策略。方法于中国知网、维普、万方、Google学术、Cochrane Library、Up To Date等期刊数据库检索其2018至2022年收录关于经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的主题文献及质量评价,组成院内决策小组评价文献质量并制定2次专家函询问卷,比较调查结果并汇总统计后确定静脉导管置入部位及预防护理策略,将81例患者分为对照组(n=41例)和实验组(n=40例)实施护理干预,比较2组医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率。结果2轮函询结束后构建31条预防经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的护理策略,全部条目重要性评分CV为0.01~0.11、可操作性评分CV为0.09~0.38(W=0.56、0.59,2=304.51、318.86,均P<0.001),全部条目可操作性及重要性评分均存在一致性;实施干预后,试验组观察组仅有1例发生医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤,发生率2.50%(1/40),低于对照组14.63%(6/41)(χ^(2)=2.613,P=0.045)。结论经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤预防性护理策略的构建可行性较高,降低其发生率并满足临床要求,促进护理操作标准化、规范化发展。展开更多
以具有精英保留的免疫遗传算法(Immune genetic algorithm with elitism,IGAE)和栅格法为基础,提出一种新的移动机器人最优路径规划方法。其步骤为:首先采用栅格法对机器人工作空间进行划分,建立给定环境中移动机器人的自由空间模型;每...以具有精英保留的免疫遗传算法(Immune genetic algorithm with elitism,IGAE)和栅格法为基础,提出一种新的移动机器人最优路径规划方法。其步骤为:首先采用栅格法对机器人工作空间进行划分,建立给定环境中移动机器人的自由空间模型;每个栅格用1个序号标识,并以路径上各栅格序号作为机器人路径的编码参数。然后,采用直角坐标和序号混合应用的方法产生初始种群,群体中每1个个体表示1条机器人路径,采用IGAE算法对种群进行优化,最终找出最优路径。为了保持种群初始化和遗传操作过程中个体所对应的路径的连续性和避障要求,在IGAE算法中引入删除、插入算子。计算机仿真实验结果表明,所提出的方法比基于全局收敛型遗传算法的路径规划方法更加快速和有效。展开更多
目的探讨血液肿瘤患者外周导入中心静脉置管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)术后并发症的原因及其防治策略。方法回顾性总结109例血液肿瘤患者植入PICC导管后并发症的发生及处理情况。结果本组患者一次穿刺成功率为97.3...目的探讨血液肿瘤患者外周导入中心静脉置管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)术后并发症的原因及其防治策略。方法回顾性总结109例血液肿瘤患者植入PICC导管后并发症的发生及处理情况。结果本组患者一次穿刺成功率为97.3%。主要并发症有穿刺点渗血、穿刺点感染、导管堵塞、静脉炎、导管脱出、血栓形成。结论严密观察,规范无菌操作选择适宜导管、正压封管,有效固定等措施能有效减少PICC置管后并发症的发生。展开更多
目的探讨经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheters,PICC)患者发生医源性皮肤损伤的相关因素,总结预防策略。方法选取2017年1月至2018年6月我院PICC患者763例为研究对象,其中627例未发生医源性皮肤损伤作为...目的探讨经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheters,PICC)患者发生医源性皮肤损伤的相关因素,总结预防策略。方法选取2017年1月至2018年6月我院PICC患者763例为研究对象,其中627例未发生医源性皮肤损伤作为对照组,136例发生医源性皮肤损伤为观察组,采用单因素分析比较两组患者年龄、皮肤潮湿多汗情况、维护方法、发病季节、是否有合并症,是否使用贴膜及胶布、是否使用皮肤消毒剂、导管正压接头压迫情况;同时进行多因素logistics回归分析,探究影响PICC患者医源性皮肤损伤的相关因素。结果多因素logistics回归分析显示,患者年龄、皮肤潮湿多汗、维护方法是否正确以及发病季节均是PICC患者发生医源性皮肤损伤的相关因素,有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论 PICC患者发生医源性皮肤损伤的相关因素包括年龄、皮肤潮湿多汗、维护方法是否正确以及发病季节,应针对以上因素做好患者医源性皮肤损伤的预防。展开更多
文摘This paper reviews a strategic scientific proposal to dig and construct three navigable sea lanes linking isolated inland seas and blocked side bays and linking it with the open seas, to facilitate the movement of free trade and international navigation, and to break the captivity of geographically isolated environments, and to give a strategic advantage to some areas and sectors that are neglected politically, socially, economically and environmentally, and to adopt the strategy of establishing a marine channel between the “Caspian Sea” and the “Black Sea” through the “lands belonging to Russia”. On digging a navigational canal at the lowest cost in a plain area within the territory of Russia, with a length of approximately 600 kilometers (616 km), starting from the nearest bay in the Caspian Sea, passing near the city of “Pyatigorsk” to the city of “Sochi” on the Black Sea, while it comes: -The strategy of the waterway and the sea channel between the “Caspian Sea” and the “Arabian Gulf” through the “lands belonging to Iran” by digging and cutting a path in the rocks with a width of 100 meters and a length of about 700 kilometers, and at a time rate of less than 10 years, and this project will liberate all countries in the Caspian Sea, and the study concludes with the strategy of the navigational channel between the “Arabian Gulf” and the “Mediterranean Sea” through the two countries of “Iraq-Syria”, with a length of about 1350 km, and the world will benefit in the security, commercial and political fields.
文摘总结43例纵膈异常肿瘤患者行经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)的实践经验。针对纵膈异常肿瘤患者PICC置管过程中易出现导管置入长度测量不准确以及送管困难等问题,通过多学科团队合作,构建科学的临床操作方案:置管前增加胸部增强CT评估,胸部CT结合体表测量确定导管预置入长度,置管中注意送管技巧及运用心电定位技术减少送管困难,及时发现导管异位,置管后特殊案例资料填写并加强延续性管理。43位患者成功留置PICC导管,将导管置入理想位置为34例,置入理想位置准确率为79.1%,上腔静脉下段位置7例,右心房2例,2例患者经导管外拔处理后导管尖端位于理想位置。
文摘目的构建经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的预防性护理策略。方法于中国知网、维普、万方、Google学术、Cochrane Library、Up To Date等期刊数据库检索其2018至2022年收录关于经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的主题文献及质量评价,组成院内决策小组评价文献质量并制定2次专家函询问卷,比较调查结果并汇总统计后确定静脉导管置入部位及预防护理策略,将81例患者分为对照组(n=41例)和实验组(n=40例)实施护理干预,比较2组医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤发生率。结果2轮函询结束后构建31条预防经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的护理策略,全部条目重要性评分CV为0.01~0.11、可操作性评分CV为0.09~0.38(W=0.56、0.59,2=304.51、318.86,均P<0.001),全部条目可操作性及重要性评分均存在一致性;实施干预后,试验组观察组仅有1例发生医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤,发生率2.50%(1/40),低于对照组14.63%(6/41)(χ^(2)=2.613,P=0.045)。结论经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管患者医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤预防性护理策略的构建可行性较高,降低其发生率并满足临床要求,促进护理操作标准化、规范化发展。
文摘以具有精英保留的免疫遗传算法(Immune genetic algorithm with elitism,IGAE)和栅格法为基础,提出一种新的移动机器人最优路径规划方法。其步骤为:首先采用栅格法对机器人工作空间进行划分,建立给定环境中移动机器人的自由空间模型;每个栅格用1个序号标识,并以路径上各栅格序号作为机器人路径的编码参数。然后,采用直角坐标和序号混合应用的方法产生初始种群,群体中每1个个体表示1条机器人路径,采用IGAE算法对种群进行优化,最终找出最优路径。为了保持种群初始化和遗传操作过程中个体所对应的路径的连续性和避障要求,在IGAE算法中引入删除、插入算子。计算机仿真实验结果表明,所提出的方法比基于全局收敛型遗传算法的路径规划方法更加快速和有效。
文摘目的探讨血液肿瘤患者外周导入中心静脉置管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)术后并发症的原因及其防治策略。方法回顾性总结109例血液肿瘤患者植入PICC导管后并发症的发生及处理情况。结果本组患者一次穿刺成功率为97.3%。主要并发症有穿刺点渗血、穿刺点感染、导管堵塞、静脉炎、导管脱出、血栓形成。结论严密观察,规范无菌操作选择适宜导管、正压封管,有效固定等措施能有效减少PICC置管后并发症的发生。
