Analysis of the efficacy of transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of infusion of gemcitabine(GEM) and fluorouracil(5-FU)through the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery in the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma(PC).Methods:We analyzed 20 patients diagnosed clinically or pathologically with PC,without metastases,who had an estimated survival duration of>3 months in our department from May 2009 to December 2014.Nine patients were treated directly without surgical resection of the tumor,while the other 11 patients were treated after surgery.In all patients,the femoral artery was punctured using the Seldinger technique,and a catheter was placed in the opening of the celiac artery or the superior mesenteric artery.We administered 500 mg/m2 GEM and 500 mg/m2 5-FU.Observational data included data on clinical efficacy and survival rates during the follow-up period of 3-72 months.Results:Twenty patients were treated 85 times with transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy(TAI).The survival rates were 80%,40%,35%,20%,10%,and 5% at 3,6,12,24,and 72 months,respectively.Conclusion: TAI chemotherapy with GEM and 5-FU may be a therapeutic option for the treatment of PC.

Transcatheter arterial infusion for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Who are candidates?

AIM: To elucidate anticancer effects of transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy(TAI) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS: Data from a total of 95 patients with HCC who received TAI were analyzed retrospectively. The efficacy of TAI was evaluated according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Cancer of the Liver. Overall survival was calculated from the date of initial treatment to the date of death or last follow-up. Survival curves were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences in survival were evaluated by the log rank test. Clinical variables that were identified as statistically different by a univariate analysis were included into the Cox proportional hazard regression model for multivariate analysis. A prognostic index based on the regression coefficients derived from variables identified by the multivariate analysis was constructed. Stratification of the patients was conducted using this prognostic index. RESULTS: The patient group was comprised of 76 men and 19 women with an average age of 68 years(range: 37-82 years). Six patients(6.3%) showedcomplete response and 18 patients(18.9%) showed partial response, for an overall response rate of 25.2%. The median overall survival was 27.6 mo, and the proportions of survivors at 1, 2, and 5 years were 67.4%, 54.0%, and 17.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that no prior transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, lactate dehydrogenase < 230 IU/L, and performance status of 0 were the independent favorable prognostic factors. The development of a 0-3-point prognostic score index was based on the sum of these three prognostic factors. Subsequently, the patients were categorized into three groups: those with a good(prognostic index = 0-1; n = 54), intermediate(prognostic index = 2; n = 26), or poor(prognostic index = 3; n = 15) prognosis. The median survival times in these three groups were 41.0, 21.2, and 6.8 mo, respectively(P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our simple prognostic index may be helpful for management of patients in determining treatment strategies for advanced HCC in the era of molecularly targeted therapy.

Transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy and embolization for primary lacrimal sac squamous cell carcinoma: A case report

BACKGROUND Although tumors of the lacrimal sac are rare,they represent a potentially lifethreatening situation that can easily be overlooked since patients present with features consistent with chronic dacryocystitis.Lacrimal sac squamous cell carcinoma is the most common lacrimal sac malignancy,but no definitive treatment is currently available.CASE SUMMARY We describe a 34-year-old unmarried male who presented with a red and swollen right lower eyelid,which gradually developed into a mass of the lower eyelid that obstructed vision in his right eye.He was treated with transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy and interventional embolization based on the tumor characteristics,and we also administered intensity-modulated radiotherapy and targeted therapy after tumor shrinkage.The tumor treatment demonstrated good efficacy,and the patient’s condition was stable after 10 mo of follow-up.CONCLUSION To our knowledge,this is the first report of lacrimal sac squamous cell carcinoma treated with transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy and interventional embolization,which might expand clinical treatment options for lacrimal sac carcinoma.

Sorafenib combined with embolization plus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND There is little evidence of combining sorafenib with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC)after transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)for intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).It is important to identify that patients with intermediate and advanced HCC are most likely to benefit from this combination therapy.AIM To investigate the safety and clinical outcomes of sorafenib combined with HAIC with folinic acid,5-fluorouracil(5-FU),and oxaliplatin(FOLFOX)after TACE for intermediate and advanced HCC.METHODS This prospective phase II study enrolled patients with intermediate and advanced HCC who underwent treatment with sorafenib combined with TACEHAIC.All patients initially received the standard 400 mg dose of sorafenib twice daily before TACE-HAIC.Participants at our institute with intermediate and advanced HCC underwent routine TACE.Then,the catheter used for embolization was kept in place in the hepatic artery,and oxaliplatin was intraarterially administered for 6 h,followed by 5-FU for 18 h,and folinic acid was intravenously administered for 2 h.The primary endpoints were safety,as evaluated by the Common Terminology and Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0,and 12-mo progression-free survival(PFS),as analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method.As secondary endpoints,the objective response rate(ORR)was evaluated by the modified Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors,and survival time[overall survival(OS)]was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method.RESULTS Sixty-six participants at our institute with intermediate and advanced HCC were enrolled in this prospective study(mean age,53.3±11.7 years).Approximately 56.1%of participants had Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)stage C disease,and 43.9%had BCLC stage B disease.The ORR was 42.4%.The disease control rate was 87.9%.The grade 3-4 toxicities consisted of thrombocytopenia(4.5%),neutropenia(3.0%),and elevated aspartate aminotransferase(12.2%).Hand-foot skin reaction was also observed(40.9%).The median PFS was 13.1 mo(13.5 mo in the BCLC stage B participants and 9.4 mo in the BCLC stage C participants).The 6-mo,12-mo,and 24-mo PFS rates were 75.0%,54.7%,and 30.0%,respectively.The median OS was 21.8 mo.CONCLUSION Sorafenib combined with HAIC(FOLFOX)after TACE may be a feasible treatment choice for intermediate and advanced HCC because this treatment met the prespecified endpoint of a 6-mo PFS rate exceeding 50%and had good patient tolerance.Prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the effect of this combination therapy.

Safety and efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with raltitrexed and oxaliplatin post-transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective:To investigate the safety,efficacy,and prognostic factors of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC)with raltitrexed and oxaliplatin post-transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(uHCC).Methods:Thirty-seven patients with uHCC who received HAIC with raltitrexed and oxaliplatin post-TACE between June 2014 and December 2016 at our hospital were recruited.The primary endpoint was overall survival(OS),and secondary endpoint was progression-free survival(PFS).The overall response rate(ORR)was evaluated using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors.Toxicity was assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(v4.0).The OS and prognostic factors were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method,log-rank test,and Cox regression models.Results:Three(8.1%)patients achieved complete response,17(46.0%)patients achieved partial response,and the ORR was54.0%.The median OS and median PFS were 19.0 months and 12.0 months,respectively.The common toxicities included grade 3-4 increased aspartate aminotransferase levels(8/37,21.6%),grade 1-2 hyperbilirubinemia(75.7%,28/37),nonspecific abdominal pain and fever,and grade 2-3 thrombocytopenia(18.9%,7/37);no patients developed grade 3-4 neutropenia.Univariate analysis showed that the tumor diameter(≤50 mm,p=0.028),Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)stage(p=0.012),hepatitis B virus DNA level(p=0.033),and derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(dNLR;derived neutrophils/leukocytes minus neutrophils)(p=0.003)were predictive factors for prognosis.Multivariate analysis showed that patients with BCLC stage B disease(p=0.029)and dNLR<2 before therapy(p=0.004)had better prognosis.Conclusions:HAIC with raltitrexed and oxaliplatin post-TACE is a safe and efficacious therapy for patients with uHCC;in particular,those with BCLC stage B and dNLR<2 have better prognosis.

Study of hepatic arterial infusion of Endostar combined with TACE on advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective:To study the efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion of Endostatin(YH-16,Endostar),combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) on advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:Thirty patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma were enrolled in the study.The patients received hepatic arterial infusion of Endostar combined with TACE.The efficacy was evaluated strictly after 1-2 cycles according to RECIST criteria and the value of AFP;quality of life(QOL) was evaluated according to Karnofsky scores.Adverse effects were evaluated too.Results:29 cases' efficacy was evaluated among the total 30 cases.The KPS were significantly increased after the treatment(80.39 ± 8.37 vs 73.93 ± 9.22,P = 0.002).Compared with control group,the objective response rate(CR and PR) and the rate of AFP negative changed were significantly higher(P = 0.021,P = 0.046).The adverse effects were not obvious.Conclusion:The QOL and preliminary efficiency of patients of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma may be improved by hepatic arterial infusion of Endostar combined with TACE,the rate of AFP negative changed were significantly higher too,and there are little of adverse effects.It is worthy to clinical generalization and further clinical observation.

The Role of Serum Cytokeratin 19 Fragment in Transarterial Infusion against Invasive Bladder Cancer

Background: We used transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy (TAI) for patients with T1G3 and greater than T2 bladder cancer, which was diagnosed after extensive and deep transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT), and we investigated the utility of serum cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA) as a predictive factor of the response to therapy. Material and Methods: From November 2001 to November 2010, 56 patients (46 males and 10 females) with pathologically confirmed T1 G3 or greater than T2 bladder cancer after TUR-BT underwent two courses of TAI of cisplatin, methotrexate and doxorubicin as neoadjuvant setting. Then, patients underwent evaluation TUR-BT. Thereafter, the bladder was preserved in patients with superficial or undetectable tumors on TUR-BT. Advanced cases and residual bladder tumor cases were treated with total cystectomy or systemic chemotherapy. CYFRA levels were measured before and after performing TAI. Results: With this therapy, the 5-year survival rate was 85.7% in pT1G3, 82.3% in pT2, and 66.6% in greater than pT3 cases. Bladder preservation with no recurrence was observed in 58.7% of the patients. Grade III adverse events included leucopenia (6/56 patients: 10.7%). Serum CYFRA levels significantly decreased with treatment (in 4/6 patients with elevated CYFRA levels). Conclusion: These results suggest that although total cystictomy is usually indicated for T1G3 bladder cancers, bladder preservation and control of micrometastases can be achieved by performing TAI after extensive and deep TUR-BT. Our results also suggest the utility of monitoring serum CYFRA to assess the response to therapy.

Efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with ganfule on advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective： The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） combined with a Chinese compound preparation of ganfule on advanced hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Methods： The study population consisted of 132 advanced HCC patients with Child-pugh NB. Tumor in all patients was involved with main trunk of portal vein and/or inferior vena cava, or local lymph node metastasis, or distant metastasis. TACE combined with ganfule were performed in 65 patients with advanced HCC （interventional treatment group）, 67 patients were treated with traditional Chinese herbal drug alone （Chinese herb group）. The prime end point was overall survival （OS）, and prognostic factors were analyzed. Results： The median OS was 205 days [95% confidence interval （CI）, 155-255 days] in interventional treatment group and 127 days （95% CI, 70-184 days） in Chinese herb group （P 〈 0.05）. The 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year OS rates were 58.9%, 29.1%, 7.7% in interventional treatment group, and 33.3%, 12.3%, 1.8% in Chinese herb group, respectively. The portal vein thrombosis, ECOG performance status （PS） were independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusion： Ttranscatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with a Chinese compound preparation of ganfule could greatly prolong the OS of advanced HCC patients. The portal vein thrombosis and ECOG PS were independent prognostic factors for OS.

Efficacy of continuous arterial perfusion chemotherapy combined with transarterial chemoembolization regional arterial thermal perfusion in the treatment of pancreatic cancer with liver metastases

Background:The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of continuous transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer with liver metastasis.Methods:Sixty patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and liver metastases were enrolled in this study.In the treatment group,31patients underwent continuous transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with TACE regional arterial thermal perfusion,whereas 29 patients included in the control group received intravenous chemotherapy with gemcitabine and S-1.All patients received maintenance chemotherapy with S-1 after 4 cycles of the study regimen.Treatment efficacy,quality of life,survival,and toxicity were evaluated.Results:Efficacy was better in the treatment group than in the control group,as reflected by the objective remission,partial remission,and disease progression rates(all P<0.05).The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group and Numerical Rating Scale pain scores were also higher in the treatment group(both P<0.05).In survival analysis,the 1-year overall survival rates in the treatment and control groups were64.516%and 10.345%,respectively,whereas the median overall survival times were 16 and 6 months,respectively(both P<0.05).The6-month progression-free survival rates in the treatment and control groups were 77.419%and 13.790%,respectively,and the median progression-free survival times were 12 and 3 months,respectively(both P<0.05).The rates of hematological and nonhematological toxicological adverse effects were also lower in the treatment group(both P<0.05).Although the rate of liver dysfunction was higher in the treatment group,this finding had no adverse effects on prognosis.Conclusions:Continuous transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with TACE regional arterial perfusion chemotherapy resulted in better efficacy and safety outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer and liver metastasis,suggesting its utility as a reference method for the clinical treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.

肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞及肝动脉灌注化疗术后疼痛的治疗进展

肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)及肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)等转化治疗是目前将不可切除晚期肝癌降期转化为可切除肝癌的主要治疗方法,不仅可以有效提高患者生存率,同时可为患者提供肝移植的机会。然而,疼痛为肝癌TACE和HAIC治疗的主要并发症,TACE术后腹痛的发生率为19.3%~71.2%,HAIC治疗过程中近64.6%的患者会出现不同程度的疼痛,严重影响患者的生活质量,缩短患者的生存期。目前,TACE和HAIC引起疼痛的发生机制尚不明确,可能与栓塞剂阻塞肿瘤供血动脉后局部肝组织肿胀、肝组织被膜压力增高或肿块包膜被牵拉、栓塞剂与抗肿瘤药物对肝动脉的化学刺激、邻近正常脏器的误栓及肠管缺血所致的内脏痛觉敏化有关。疼痛的干预措施主要有两种,一种是利多卡因、阿片类药物、非甾体抗炎药物及糖皮质激素等干预措施;另一种是腕踝针、中药汤剂等其他干预措施,但治疗效果参差不齐。本文就肝癌TACE及HAIC治疗所致疼痛情况及治疗现状进行综述,以期为其临床治疗提供参考。

TACE和TAI在单发原发性肝癌切除术后辅助性介入治疗中的效果比较

目的比较经肝动脉化疗栓塞术(transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)和肝动脉灌注化疗(transcatheter arterial infusion,TAI)在单发原发性肝癌切除术后辅助性介入治疗中的效果。方法 94例行手术切除的单发原发性肝癌患者根据术后辅助性介入方法不同,分为TACE组(n=49)和TAI组(n=45),同期选取术后均未行预防性介入治疗的30例作为对照组。TAI组采取单纯化疗药物灌注化疗,TACE组采用化疗药物与碘油混悬剂,所有患者随访至2016年9月,比较三组患者术后肿瘤复发情况,利用Kaplan-Meier分析三组患者无复发生存期。结果 TACE组和TAI组患者术后1年复发率分别为14.3%和13.3%,均低于对照组的46.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);TACE组患者术后2年和3年复发率分别为21.4%和30.3%,均低于TAI组和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对于中位无复发生存期,TACE组34.30个月,TAI组24.71个月,对照组12.90个月,Log-Rank检验显示差异具有统计学意义(χ2=34.228,P<0.001)。结论相比于TAI,TACE可有效降低患者术后2年和3年复发率,延长患者无复发生存期,有助于改善患者预后。

经肝动脉灌注化疗或化疗栓塞术联合酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及卡瑞利珠单抗治疗不可切除肝细胞癌的对比研究

目的探索经导管动脉化疗栓塞(transarterial chemoembolization,TACE)及肝动脉灌注化疗(hepatic artery infusionchemotherapy,HAIC)联合酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitors,TKI)及免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors,ICI)治疗中晚期肝细胞癌(HCC)的疗效及安全性。方法纳入2021年1月至2022年10月哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院HCC患者101例,其中50例患者接受TACE+TKI+ICI治疗,51例患者接受HAIC+TKI+ICI治疗。比较两组的OS、PFS,并对不良事件进行分析以评估方案的安全性。结果TACE+TKI+ICI组中位PFS为12.0个月,HAIC+TKI+ICI组为11.0个月(P=0.030)。TACE+TKI+ICI组中位OS未达到,HAIC+TKI+ICI组为14.6个月(P=0.005)。TACE+TKI+ICI组最常见的不良反应是总胆红素升高(46.0%)及肝功能损伤(26.0%),HAIC+TKI+ICI组则为白蛋白降低(62.7%)、乏力(39.2%)及胃肠道反应(31.4%)。结论TACE+TKI+ICI方案有着更佳的远期生存获益,而HAIC+TKI+ICI方案能更好地维持患者的肝功能储备,两种方案均未出现意外的毒性反应,安全性较高。

经动脉化疗栓塞续贯肝动脉灌注化疗联合TKI和PD-1单抗在晚期肝癌一线治疗中的疗效观察

目的探讨经动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)续贯肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)基础上联合抗血管生成的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)药物和程序化细胞死亡蛋白抑制剂(PD-1 inhibitors)一线治疗晚期肝癌(HCC)患者的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2020年7月~2023年6月广东省中西医结合医院肿瘤科收治且资料完整的70例晚期HCC患者,按其治疗方案进行分组,分为TACE+HAIC+靶向组(TACE序贯HAIC,联合TKI,共23例)和TACE+HAIC+免疫+靶向组(TACE序贯HAIC,联合PD-1抑制剂以及TKI,共47例)。收集患者临床特征、辅助检查资料、疗效评估及其他治疗相关资料等,进行疗效及不良反应相关统计分析。结果TACE+HAIC+靶向组、TACE+HAIC+免疫+靶向组的客观缓解率(ORR)分别为60.87%和36.17%(P=0.031),疾病控制率(DCR)分别为95.65%和93.62%(P=0.068);2组患者中位无疾病进展时间(PFS)时间分别为10.2月、11.8月(P=0.003),中位总生存时间(OS)时间分别为15.7月、19.5月(P=0.035)。经倾向性匹配(PSM)分析后,TACE+HAIC+靶向、TACE+HAIC+免疫+靶向组中位PFS分别为10.1月和14.5月(P=0.024),中位OS分别为14.1月和21.2月(P=0.221)。TACE+HAIC+靶向组、TACE+HAIC+免疫+靶向组患者1年PFS率分别为24.0%和52.2%,1年OS率分别为72.3%和93.1%、2年OS率分别为23.9%和63.8%、3年OS率分别为23.9%和36.5%。TACE+HAIC+免疫+靶向组的蛋白尿发生率高于TACE+HAIC+靶向组(21.28%vs 0,P=0.025);但2组患者任何3~4级TRAE发生率无统计学差异。结论TACE+HAIC+免疫+靶向治疗晚期HCC安全有效,可延长晚期HCC患者生存期。

基于中国医院药物警戒系统的动脉灌注奥沙利铂的安全性特征分析

目的:利用中国医院药物警戒系统(CHPS),评估动脉灌注奥沙利铂的安全性情况,分析发生不良反应的影响因素。方法:依托CHPS系统,对2021年1月至2023年6月某三级甲等医院使用奥沙利铂的人群进行回顾性分析。比较静脉滴注与动脉灌注奥沙利铂人群的特征,从血液系统毒性、肝毒性、肾毒性、神经毒性4个方面比较两种给药方式下的不良反应发生率,对不良反应发生率最高的肝毒性进行影响因素分析。结果:回顾性监测了1731例使用奥沙利铂的患者,其中动脉灌注810例,静脉滴注921例。动脉灌注奥沙利铂的患者血小板减少、肝损伤的发生率高于静脉滴注奥沙利铂的患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,剂量增加、原发疾病为肝癌的人群是动脉灌注奥沙利铂导致肝损伤的独立影响因素。结论:动脉灌注奥沙利铂需重点关注血小板减少及肝损伤的风险。针对肝癌患者,控制给药剂量有助于降低奥沙利铂临床用药风险。CHPS系统对监护真实世界的用药情况有重要意义。

肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌患者的效果分析

目的探讨原发性肝癌患者应用肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗的效果。方法88例原发性肝癌患者,使用随机数字表法分为观察组及对照组,每组44例。对照组予以肝动脉灌注化疗,观察组实施肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗。比较两组患者手术治疗后1、2年内的复发情况;术后并发症发生情况;生活质量;治疗前后肝功能[丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)]水平。结果两组手术治疗后1、2年内的复发率比较,观察组略低于对照组,但差异不具备统计学意义(P>0.05)。与对照组的18.18%比较,观察组术后并发症发生率4.55%显著较低,差异显著(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组社会功能、躯体功能、物质生活、心理功能评分均升高,且观察组的社会功能评分(86.06±5.75)分、躯体功能评分(82.75±4.09)分、物质生活评分(81.64±5.43)分、心理功能评分(80.70±5.88)分均高于对照组的(72.42±6.91)、(69.06±6.97)、(68.76±6.75)、(68.86±6.48)分,差异显著(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者ALT、TBIL、AST、HBV-DNA水平均下降,且观察组ALT(46.66±10.25)U/L、TBIL(17.55±2.74)μmol/L、AST(30.50±3.55)U/L、HBV-DNA(0.92±0.51)×10^(3)copies/ml均低于对照组的(57.68±10.44)U/L、(20.65±2.37)μmol/L、(36.72±3.11)U/L、(2.82±0.71)×10^(3)copies/ml,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论原发性肝癌患者应用肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗的临床效果显著,虽然术后2年内复发率和肝动脉灌注化疗差异不大,但是可减少术后并发症发生率,利于患者生活质量和肝功能的改善,建议临床推广应用。

经肝动脉介入化疗联合靶向治疗与免疫治疗在不可切除原发性肝细胞癌患者中的应用

目的探讨经肝动脉介入化疗[包括经导管动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)和/或肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)]联合靶向治疗和免疫治疗在不可切除原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)患者中的应用效果。方法依据治疗方法的不同将50例HCC患者分为TACE和/或HAIC联合靶免治疗组(n=25,TACE和/或HAIC、靶向治疗和免疫治疗)和标准治疗组(n=25,TACE和/或HAIC治疗)。观察患者的客观缓解率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、无进展生存期(PFS)、总生存期(OS)和安全性。结果在实体瘤疗效评价标准(RECIST)1.1版评价标准下,ORR为36%,DCR为76%。在改良版RECIST评价标准下,ORR为72%,DCR为76%。TACE和/或HAIC联合靶免治疗组患者总生存情况和无进展生存情况均优于标准治疗组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。不良反应中,3~4级不良反应为神经病变(占4%),其他多为1~2级可管理的不良反应。结论TACE和/或HAIC联合靶免治疗能够显著提高不可切除HCC患者的疗效,延长患者的生存时间,且具有安全性。

TAI联合索拉非尼和单用索拉非尼对伴门脉主干或主分支癌栓的肝癌的疗效比较

目的比较肝动脉灌注化疗(TAI)联合索拉非尼和单用索拉非尼对伴门脉主干或主分支癌栓的肝细胞癌的疗效。方法前瞻性入组73例首诊为肝细胞癌的患者,随机分为TAI+索拉非尼组(n=36)和索拉非尼组(n=37)。索拉非尼组患者口服索拉非尼2次/d,400 mg/次,TAI+索拉非尼组除每天口服索拉非尼外,还进行每3周1次的TAI治疗,采用FOLFOX方案。主要终点是总生存期,次要终点是肿瘤反应、无进展生存期和不良反应。结果对于中位生存期,TAI+索拉非尼组明显优于索拉非尼组(10.218 vs.7.133个月,P=0.002);对于无进展生存期,TAI+索拉非尼组明显优于索拉非尼组(5.651 vs.3.067个月,P=0.019)。在TAI+索拉非尼组有4例患者后续进行了手术切除,其中1例的病理达到完全缓解。不良反应方面,两组均未出现治疗相关死亡,TAI+索拉非尼组出现更多的轻度神经毒性、骨髓抑制和肝功能损害,多数可恢复,仅有1例因骨髓抑制而终止治疗。结论对于伴门脉主干或主分支癌栓的肝细胞癌,TAI联合索拉非尼可能是一种可行的、有前景的治疗方法。

TACE与TAI对原发性肝癌切除术后预防性肝动脉介入治疗疗效的影响分析

目的探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)与化疗灌注术(TAI)对原发性肝癌切除术后预防性肝动脉介入治疗疗效的影响。方法选取2012年1月至2015年1月期间原发性肝癌切除术后患者40例,采用随机数字表法将其分为两组,各20例,观察组采用TACE治疗,对照组采用TAI治疗,比较两组临床疗效的差异。结果两组临床总缓解率、复发率与住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组无瘤生存期、无进展生存期与总生存期明显长于对照组,P<0.05。治疗前,两组PLGF、VEGFR-2水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,全部患者上述指标均明显高于治疗前,治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组上述指标均明显低于对照组P<0.05)。治疗前后,两组AST、ALT、TBIL、ALB与PT水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),全部患者治疗前后上述指标水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 TACE在原发性肝癌切除术后预防性肝动脉介入治疗中的临床疗效更显著,值得临床推广应用。

Optimal interventional treatment for liver cancer:HAIC,TACE or iTACE?

Primary liver cancer is a common and lethal malignancy in China.Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)is globally recognized as the preferred treatment modality for the non-surgical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),while transcatheter arterial infusion(TAI)is another effective interventional treatment for HCC.In recent years,hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC)has gained increasing attention as an application-regulated modality for TAI.Owing to the current debate in the medical community regarding the use of HAIC and TACE for the treatment of HCC,the application of both approaches should be considered at a higher level,with a broader perspective and a more normative aspect.Accordingly,we aimed to define the rational combination of liver cancer TAI/HAIC with TACE as infusion transcatheter chemoembolization(iTACE),which suggests that the two interventions are not superior but lead to a mutually beneficial situation.In this review,we sought to discuss the development,specification,application,challenge and innovation,debate,and union of TAI/HAIC and TACE,and the clinical application and latest research on iTACE.We aimed to introduce new concepts of iTACE and expect new breakthroughs in the treatment of liver cancer owing to the combined use of the two major interventional tools.

肝动脉灌注化疗与肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞术治疗Ⅱ_(b)-Ⅲ_(a)期肝细胞癌的近远期疗效比较

目的:基于倾向性评分匹配法比较肝动脉灌注化疗术(HAIC)与肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗Ⅱ_(b)-Ⅲ_(a)期肝细胞癌近远期疗效。方法:纳入2019年1月-2020年6月在我院就诊的123例肝细胞癌患者作为研究对象,临床分期为Ⅱ_(b)-Ⅲ_(a)期,按不同治疗方案将所有患者分为HAIC组和TACE组,采用1∶1倾向性评分匹配法将两组中倾向性评分最相近的患者进行配对,比较匹配后两组患者治疗前后肝功能和血清肿瘤标志物,治疗后不良反应以及近期疗效,绘制Kaplan-Meier生存曲线,log-tank检验比较匹配后两组患者治疗后2年疾病无进展生存率,Cox回归分析获得影响患者治疗后2年疾病进展的独立预测因素,重点分析不同治疗方法与患者治疗后2年疾病进展的相关性。结果:两组共成功匹配35对患者,匹配后两组年龄、病因、体力状况评分(EGOC评分)、性别、体质量指数、肝硬化、Child-Pugh分级、临床分期、肿瘤最大直径以及肿瘤数目均衡性均有明显提高,匹配后治疗后两组谷丙转氨酶(AST)、谷草转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素较治疗前明显上升,甲胎蛋白(AFP)较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05),并且治疗后HAIC组AST、ALT、总胆红素以及AFP明显低于TACE组(P<0.05)。匹配后HAIC组肝功能损害比例明显低于TACE组(P<0.05),匹配后两组均无患者达到完全缓解(CR),HAIC组部分缓解(PR)患者比例明显高于TACE组(P<0.05),匹配后HAIC组患者治疗后2年疾病无进展生存率高于TACE组(57.1%vs 31.1%,P<0.05),多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,临床分期、AFP、治疗方法为影响患者治疗后2年疾病进展的独立预测因素(P<0.05)。结论:相较于TACE治疗,HAIC治疗对Ⅱ_(b)-Ⅲ_(a)期肝细胞癌患者的肝功能损害程度更低,安全性更高,近期疾病控制率和远期疾病无进展生存率更高。