Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)is a popular modulatory technique for the noninvasive diagnosis and therapy of neurological and psychiatric diseases.Unfortunately,current modulation strategies are only modestly ...Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)is a popular modulatory technique for the noninvasive diagnosis and therapy of neurological and psychiatric diseases.Unfortunately,current modulation strategies are only modestly effective.The literature provides strong evidence that the modulatory effects of TMS vary depending on device components and stimulation protocols.These differential effects are important when designing precise modulatory strategies for clinical or research applications.Developments in TMS have been accompanied by advances in combining TMS with neuroimaging techniques,including electroencephalography,functional nearinfrared spectroscopy,functional magnetic resonance imaging,and positron emission tomography.Such studies appear particularly promising as they may not only allow us to probe affected brain areas during TMS but also seem to predict underlying research directions that may enable us to precisely target and remodel impaired cortices or circuits.However,few precise modulation strategies are available,and the long-term safety and efficacy of these strategies need to be confirmed.Here,we review the literature on possible technologies for precise modulation to highlight progress along with limitations with the goal of suggesting future directions for this field.展开更多
Barker first used transcranial magnetic stimulation in 1985 in human brain function research. Since then, it has gradually been developed into a secure and non-invasive treatment method for neurological diseases. In 1...Barker first used transcranial magnetic stimulation in 1985 in human brain function research. Since then, it has gradually been developed into a secure and non-invasive treatment method for neurological diseases. In 1994, Pascual Leone first used it for the treatment of Parkinson's disease(PD) and observed an improvement in the motor symptoms of most of the patients. Recent studies have confirmed that both motor and non-motor symptoms of patients with PD could be improved through biochemical, electrophysiological, and functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis. Different therapeutic applications can be achieved by adjusting the stimulation parameters.Physical factors affecting the therapeutic effect include the shape and size of the coil, array orientation, materials and intensity, frequency of stimulus, etc.; the biological factors include stimulating targets, baseline, circadian rhythms, cerebral cortex thickness, and so on. This paper will review these factors and provide a reference for future research.展开更多
经颅磁刺激(transcranial magnetic stimulation,TMS)是一种无创、无痛、低成本实现大脑刺激的工具,在治疗许多精神疾病方面有效。H1型线圈是一种TMS线圈。为实现深部脑组织刺激,基于现有的H1型线圈,本研究提出一种由四匝线圈组成的一...经颅磁刺激(transcranial magnetic stimulation,TMS)是一种无创、无痛、低成本实现大脑刺激的工具,在治疗许多精神疾病方面有效。H1型线圈是一种TMS线圈。为实现深部脑组织刺激,基于现有的H1型线圈,本研究提出一种由四匝线圈组成的一种简化的H形线圈,使用有限元分析计算球形头部模型内电场分布,并利用大脑内深度20 mm处最大的电场强度E_(max)(20)与大脑表面最大电场强度E_(max)(0)的比值P(20)和E_(max)(0)研究H形线圈结构设计对刺激深度的影响。分析结果表明,H形线圈的刺激效果由线圈中两组线圈的结构、位置共同决定,通过调整线圈结构,最优的H1线圈对应的P(20)和E max(0)分别为75.54%和32.97 V/m。通过合理的结构设计,可实现在大脑表面最大电场强度较小的同时,刺激颅内深部组织。展开更多
经颅磁刺激(transcranial magnetic stimulation,TMS)技术因其无痛、无创的优点已在临床的治疗和诊断中得到广泛的应用,而如何提高刺激线圈的聚焦度和灵活性仍是1个亟待解决问题。提出了双8字形刺激线圈,研究了双8字形线圈内外线圈的半...经颅磁刺激(transcranial magnetic stimulation,TMS)技术因其无痛、无创的优点已在临床的治疗和诊断中得到广泛的应用,而如何提高刺激线圈的聚焦度和灵活性仍是1个亟待解决问题。提出了双8字形刺激线圈,研究了双8字形线圈内外线圈的半径比及匝数比对刺激聚焦度的影响;并利用COMSOL仿真软件探究了圆形线圈阵列的刺激特性以及辅助线圈对刺激性能的影响。结果表明:双8字形线圈的聚焦度较普通8字形线圈其聚焦度最大可提高50%;圆形线圈阵列可通过控制独立线圈电流来灵活调节刺激模式,适当引入辅助线圈电流能有效提高线圈阵列的刺激聚焦度,但辅助线圈电流与主线圈电流之比应小于0.4。展开更多
基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Science and Technology Service Network Initiative(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-078)the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(31620103905)+1 种基金the Science Frontier Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDJ SSW-SMC019)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0105203)。
文摘Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)is a popular modulatory technique for the noninvasive diagnosis and therapy of neurological and psychiatric diseases.Unfortunately,current modulation strategies are only modestly effective.The literature provides strong evidence that the modulatory effects of TMS vary depending on device components and stimulation protocols.These differential effects are important when designing precise modulatory strategies for clinical or research applications.Developments in TMS have been accompanied by advances in combining TMS with neuroimaging techniques,including electroencephalography,functional nearinfrared spectroscopy,functional magnetic resonance imaging,and positron emission tomography.Such studies appear particularly promising as they may not only allow us to probe affected brain areas during TMS but also seem to predict underlying research directions that may enable us to precisely target and remodel impaired cortices or circuits.However,few precise modulation strategies are available,and the long-term safety and efficacy of these strategies need to be confirmed.Here,we review the literature on possible technologies for precise modulation to highlight progress along with limitations with the goal of suggesting future directions for this field.
文摘Barker first used transcranial magnetic stimulation in 1985 in human brain function research. Since then, it has gradually been developed into a secure and non-invasive treatment method for neurological diseases. In 1994, Pascual Leone first used it for the treatment of Parkinson's disease(PD) and observed an improvement in the motor symptoms of most of the patients. Recent studies have confirmed that both motor and non-motor symptoms of patients with PD could be improved through biochemical, electrophysiological, and functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis. Different therapeutic applications can be achieved by adjusting the stimulation parameters.Physical factors affecting the therapeutic effect include the shape and size of the coil, array orientation, materials and intensity, frequency of stimulus, etc.; the biological factors include stimulating targets, baseline, circadian rhythms, cerebral cortex thickness, and so on. This paper will review these factors and provide a reference for future research.
文摘经颅磁刺激(transcranial magnetic stimulation,TMS)技术因其无痛、无创的优点已在临床的治疗和诊断中得到广泛的应用,而如何提高刺激线圈的聚焦度和灵活性仍是1个亟待解决问题。提出了双8字形刺激线圈,研究了双8字形线圈内外线圈的半径比及匝数比对刺激聚焦度的影响;并利用COMSOL仿真软件探究了圆形线圈阵列的刺激特性以及辅助线圈对刺激性能的影响。结果表明:双8字形线圈的聚焦度较普通8字形线圈其聚焦度最大可提高50%;圆形线圈阵列可通过控制独立线圈电流来灵活调节刺激模式,适当引入辅助线圈电流能有效提高线圈阵列的刺激聚焦度,但辅助线圈电流与主线圈电流之比应小于0.4。
