A Simplified Method for the Stress Analysis of Underground Transfer Structures Crossing Multiple Subway Tunnels

According to the design specifications,the construction of extended piles involves traversing the tunnel’s upper region and extending to the underlying rock layer.To address this challenge,a subterranean transfer structure spanning multiple subway tunnels was proposed.Deliberating on the function of piles in the transfer structure as springs with axial and bending stiffness,and taking into account the force balance and deformation coordination conditions of beams and plates within the transfer structure,we established a simplified mechanical model that incorporates soil stratification by combining it with the Winkler elastic foundation beam model.The resolved established simplifiedmechanicalmodel employed finite difference technology and the Newton-Simpsonmethod,elucidating the mechanical mechanism of the transfer structure.The research findings suggest that the load carried by the upper structural columns can be transferred to the pile foundation beneath the beams through the transfer structure,subsequently reaching the deep soil layer and ensuring minimal impact on adjacent tunnels.The established simplified analysis method can be used for stress analysis of the transfer structure,concurrently considering soil stratification,pile foundation behavior,and plate action.The pile length,pile section size,and beam section size within the transfer structure should account for the characteristics of the upper load,ensuring an even distribution of the beam bending moment.

Vibration analysis of fluid- structure interaction in water hammer based on transfer matrix method

In consideration of the problem that the effect of conduit structure on water hammer has been ignored in the classical theory,the Poisson coupling between the fluid and the pipeline was studied and a fourteen-equation mathematical model of fluid-structure interaction(FSI)was developed.Then,the transfer matrix method(TMM)was used to calculate the modal frequency,modal shape and frequency response.The results were compared with that in experiment to verify the correctness of the TMM and the results show that the fluid-structure coupling has a greater impact on the modal frequencies than the modal shape.Finally,the influence on the response spectrum of different damping ratios was studied and the results show that the natural frequency under different damping ratios has changed little but there is a big difference for the pressure spectrum.With the decreasing of damping ratio,the damping of the system on frequency spectrum is more and more significant and the dispersion and dissipation is more and more apparent.Therefore the appropriate damping ratio should be selected to minimize the effects of the vibration of the FSI.The results provide references for the theory research of FSI in the transient process.

The Structural Design and Analysis of Pallet in ITER Transfer Cask for Remote Handling Operations

Necessary adjustment ranges and accuracies of the pallet for ITER are presented. Detailed structural designs and structural finite element analyses for pallet components are made to determine whether the results satisfy the requirements of the pallet structure to be used in ITER.

Band gap analysis of periodic structures based on cell experimental frequency response functions(FRFs)

An approach is proposed to estimate the transfer function of the periodic structure, which is known as an absorber due to its repetitive cells leading to the band gap phenomenon. The band gap is a frequency range in which vibration will be inhibited. A transfer function is usually performed to gain band gap. Previous scholars regard estimation of the transfer function as a forward problem assuming known cell mass and stiffness matrices. However, the estimation of band gap for irregular or complicated cells is hardly accurate because it is difficult to model the cell exactly. Therefore, we treat the estimation as an inverse problem by employing modal identification and curve fitting. A transfer matrix is then established by parameters identitled through modal analysis. Both simulations and experiments have been performed. Some interesting conclusions about the relationship between modal parameters and band gap have been achieved.

Structural Optimization and Analysis of Magnetic Coupled Inductive Power Transfer System

Along with the prosperous of magnetic coupled inductive power transfer( MCIPT) technology which is widely used in industrial applications such as electric vehicle charging,the topology of double D coils( DD coils) with a spatial quadrature Q coil arises with great research interest. The Q coil, however, has been thoroughly studied by adding to the receiving side but seldom to the transmitting side. By using finite element simulation, this paper presents a preliminary study on the effectiveness of Q coil in the transmitting side,and its inner dimension is optimized for optimal compensating the misalignment between the transmitting and receiver sides. Simulation results show that the windings of the Q coil should be placed in the center of the aperture of the DD coils,and these results render a useful guidance for mechanical structural design and circuit controller design of MCIPT.

Application of laminated vierendeel truss in high-position transfer story structure

To meet the demands for large space and flexible compartmentation ofbuildings, laminated vierendeel trasses are adopted in high-position transfer story structures.First the bearing characteristics are analyzed, in which reasonable stiffness ratio of the upperchord, middle chord, and lower chord is derived. Then combined with an actual engineering model (1:8similar ratio), the static loading and pseudo-dynamic tests of two models for laminated vierendeeltrass used in transfer story structures are conducted, in which one model adopts reinforcedconcrete, and the other adopts prestressed concrete and shape steel concrete. Seismic behaviors areanalyzed, including inter-story displacement, base shear-displacement skeleton curves, andequivalent viscosity-damping curves. A program is programmed to carry out the elasto-plastic dynamicanalysis, and displacement time-history curves of the two models are derived. The test and analysisresults show that the laminated vierendeel trass with prestressed concrete and shape steel concretehas excellent seismic behaviors. It can solve the disadvantages of laminated vierendeel trussesused in transfer story structures. Finally, some design suggestions are put forward, which can bereferenced by similar engineering.

也论Transferred Epithet的理解与翻译

在论述Transferred epithet的语义特征、逻辑关系、修辞功能、类型和结构的基础上,从心理因素的角度来分析其与隐喻的差别,进而探讨如何正确地对其理解和通顺地进行翻译的方法问题。

Kinematics Simulation and Structure Optimization of Tilting and Lifting Mechanism of ITER Tractor

The ITER （international thermonuclear experimental reactor） tractor is an in-cask remote handling equipment, its tilting and lifting mechanism is important for the tractor operated with forty-five-ton plug in front of the ports of Hot Cell and VV （vacuum vessel） successfully. In order to better analyse the movement of this mechanism and decide the key design parameters accurately, a mathematical model of 7-1ink complicated plane mechanism was built up, and the calculation of design and kinematics simulation were implemented. The established mathematical model was proved to be valid by comparing the calculated result with that of kinematics simulation. Finally, the structure analysis and the optimization of its key part, tilting and lifting frame, were performed to guarantee the frame＇s strength in bearing the heavy load of plug.

Thermally Induced Vibration Analysis of Flexible Beams Based on Isogeometric Analysis

Spacecraft flexible appendages may experience thermally induced vibrations(TIV)under sudden heating loads,which in consequence will be unable to complete their intended missions.Isogeometric analysis(IGA)utilizes,in an isoparametric concept,the same high order and high continuity non-uniform rational B-splines(NURBS)to represent both the geometry and the physical field of the structure.Compared to the traditional Lagrange polynomial based finite element method where only C0-continuity across elements can be achieved,IGA is geometrically exact and naturally fulfills the C1-continuity requirement of Euler–Bernoulli(EB)beam elements,therefore,does not need extra rotational degrees-of-freedom.In this paper,we present a thermally induced vibration analysis framework based on the isogeometric method where thermal and structural behaviors are coupled.We fully exploited the higher order,higher continuous and geometric exactness of the NURBS basis with both benchmarks and sophisticated problems.In particular,we studied the thermally induced vibrations of the Hubble Space Telescope(HST)solar panel where main factors influencing thermal flutters are studied,and where possible improvements of the analytical reference methods are discussed.Additionally,thermally induced vibrations of the thin-walled lenticular tubes are studied and two new configurations of the tube are proposed to effectively suppress the thermally induced vibrations.Numerical examples of both benchmarks and sophisticated problems confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the isogeometric analysis framework for thermally induced vibration analysis of space structures.

Research on Temperature Field of the Support Structure for the Independent LNG Tank

The independent LNG(Liquified Nature Gas)containment is widely used for small or medium-sized LNG carrier and ship using LNG as fuels.The common tank pattern includes single-spherical-cylindrical tank and double-spherical-cylindrical tank,which is the key to design the hull structure and its support.The support is designed to connect the hull structure and LNG tank.Its main functions are heat transferring and force loading.This paper focus on the temperature field distribution of hull and its support structure.The thermal boundary conditions are simulated according to the heat transfer action,such as thermal convection,heat conduction and thermal radiation.The method on how to carry out thermal analysis is presented for an independent LNG containment.The case study is carried out with two typical independent LNG tanks.One is a tank with double spherical cylindrical in the LNG carrier,and the other is a tank with single spherical cylindrical on the deck of the ship using LNG as fuels.The result shows the method presented in this paper is a good reference for the structural design with independent LNG containment.

基于实验与仿真的最优蒸汽管网保温结构确定

建立了蒸汽管道多层复合保温结构传热模型,采用DN200mm管道实验研究了不同保温结构和保温材料对隔热性能的影响,根据实验数据验证了数学模型准确性,并以此为基础给出了不同工况下最佳保温方案的确定方法。实验结果显示,管道表面热流密度随着对流层的加入和气囊层数的增加而降低,随披肩厚度和保温总厚度的增加逐渐降低,而反射层数量增加热流密度先降低后升高。传热模型预测结果与实验数据高度吻合,相差不到6%。从经济性分析,不宜采用对流层作为保温材料。最终确定的最佳保温方案能够显著降低系统的供热总成本,最优保温厚度值随管内介质温度和管径的增加而升高。对于温度大于400℃的高温管道,采用复合保温结构相比于单一硅酸铝保温可节省超过30%的投资。

Circuit model based design and analysis for a four-structure-switchable wireless power transfer system

The four-coil wireless power transfer(WPT)technology can effectively improve the transfer efficiency.The high efficiency,however,cannot be obtained along the whole transfer distance due to the phenomenon of frequency splitting in the over coupled region.Aiming at this limitation,this paper presents a switchable WPT system to improve the overall efficiency by changing the number of working coils.The switching conditions for the designed system are determined based on the analysis of the transfer efficiencies of four structures,which is deduced through modeling the equivalent circuits.The simulation results well comply with the experimental results and both of them indicate that the switchable system can greatly improve the overall transfer efficiency along the whole transfer distance.The overall efficiency of the experimental system can reach above 70%at9.97 MHz without additional complexity,which is higher than any single structure system.

襄阳大厦超限高层结构设计

襄阳大厦结构高度249.6m,地上共58层,塔楼采用框架-核心筒结构体系,存在分段折柱、核心筒单侧收进、高位转换、连梁支承楼盖梁等特点。针对结构设计过程中的重难点,通过合理的计算分析与加强措施,确保与分段折柱相连的水平构件、核心筒墙体、转换构件的安全问题,并采用新型分段式连梁解决楼盖梁支承在连梁上的设计问题。弹性及弹塑性验算结果表明,结构满足预期抗震性能目标,各项结构措施合理可靠,结构设计安全合理。

随机海况下浮式结构物时域响应分析

为快速准确地获得随机海况下浮式结构物的时域响应,提出一种快速计算结构时域响应的方法。建立有限元应力模式的动力学方程,论证节点在周期荷载作用下的稳态解形式;推导节点应力响应函数的计算公式;将海况波浪谱分解,通过叠加应力响应方式计算随机海况下节点应力的时域响应。通过数值仿真验证及具体的工程项目应用,证明了该方法的可行性和优越性,为浮式平台时域疲劳分析提供了一种新思路。

中国水资源空间转移网络及其结构韧性分析

水资源短缺影响人类生存和可持续发展,基于水足迹探究水资源利用的空间转移问题,对于缓解水资源短缺具有重要的意义。基于2012、2015年和2017年中国多区域投入产出表的相关数据,利用多区域投入产出模型和社会网络分析法对水资源空间转移网络及其结构韧性进行评估。结果表明:新疆和黑龙江省是水足迹输出量较大的地区,而广东、江苏、浙江和山东省等经济规模较大的省区通常是水足迹输入量较大的地区。关于水资源结构韧性指标:在层次性方面,2012~2017年网络度分布拟合曲线斜率|a|较大,这表明水资源网络的层次性明显;在匹配性方面,单个节点与其邻域之间存在更多的负相关性,并且链接路径通常是异构和多样化的;在传输性方面,2012~2017年网络的平均路径长度L在1.40~1.70之间,表明该区域的可达性和扩散性相对较大;在聚集性方面,水资源网络中的大多数地区与其他相邻区域之间的链接相对紧密,孤立区域中的节点数量较少。此外,区域水资源网络节点的聚类系数与度值之间呈现一定的负相关。研究成果可为水资源的可持续利用及合理配置提供参考。

隧道上盖建筑厚板转换及高位二次转换结构设计

广州某隧道上盖建筑结构同时存在隧道顶部的厚板转换层和裙楼顶部的高位转换层,形成二次转换结构体系。本文基于性能化的抗震设计方法,对结构上、下部设置不同的性能目标,进行相应的抗震性能分析,提出对应的加强措施。针对高位及二次转换结构,补充了转换厚板有限元分析、钢管剪力墙稳定性及两个关键连接节点的专项分析。各项分析结果表明,结构整体及各构件的抗震性能均能达到预期目标,结构安全可靠。对设计和施工中的难题提出了创新解决思路,为同类型高层结构或转换体系的设计方法提供参考。

带式转载机连接托架的力学特性分析及优化设计

为了充分提高带式转载机机械结构强度,设计了一种带式转载机连接托架结构模型。运用有限元分析软件,充分考虑连接托架受到的应力、应变,从静力学属性角度对连接托架进行研究,均衡连接托架的应力分布,减少应力集中区域,优化连接托架结构设计,达到机械强度进一步提高的目的。

基于OPAX的驾驶舱内结构噪声传递路径研究

对车内结构噪声进行合理降噪的有效方法是阻断振动能量传递最大的路径,为此建立传递路径模型并进行噪声贡献量分析。首先,基于发动机舱内机械构造规划出由振源到驾驶舱的多级传递路径,并在振动能量传递的连接点处设置路径拐点;然后,采用扩展工况传递路径分析(operational path analysis with exogeneous inputs,OPAX)方法确定路径中各拐点对车内噪声的贡献量,并将噪声拟合值与实测值进行分析对比。结果表明,不同路径拐点对车内结构噪声影响明显不同,其中橡胶悬置拐点对车内噪声影响最大,该处噪声拟合值与实测值也最为接近,噪声峰值达到63.5 dB,副车架拐点对车内噪声影响次之,噪声峰值为53.2 dB,排气吊耳拐点对车内噪声影响较小,噪声峰值仅为38.7 dB。采用本文方法可有效确定对车内结构噪声影响最大的路径。

基于单元辐射叠加法的水下矩形板声场重建

为解决等效源法在水下结构声源声场重建中存在的虚拟等效源配置位置难以确定、求逆过程中传递矩阵病态性过大的问题,本文提出了基于单元辐射叠加法的水下结构声源声场重建方法。该方法利用结构声源边界元法建模思想与声场波叠加原理,建立了声源表面振动与辐射声场之间的振声传递关系,得到可快速计算的振声传递函数,并利用该函数作为传递算子进行声场重建。通过对矩形板的声场重建仿真,验证了本文方法相比等效点源近场声全息具有更高的重建精度,且具有更大的有效全息距离。通过在不同阵元数、信噪比情况下的仿真分析,进一步证明了本文方法能够改善水下结构声源的声场重建精度。

基于多面体模型的电机装配误差分析

电机装配时各零件的偏差累积会影响电机气隙,导致电机性能与装配质量下降,因此需对装配后电机定转子间的气隙进行公差分析。为做好公差分析,以电机气隙作为装配功能要求,建立装配偏差传递路径上的多面体模型,对串并联装配结构的多面体模型进行闵可夫斯基求和与求交运算,最终得到装配体气隙沿径向平动的变化范围。运用3DCS基于蒙特卡洛法对电机气隙进行仿真,验证了多面体模型法求解所得装配误差的准确性和合理性,对电机的公差设计具有一定的参考价值。