Vibration Control of a High-Rise Building Structure:Theory and Experiment

In this study,an innovative solution is developed for vibration suppression of the high-rise building.The infinite dimensional system model has been presented for describing high-rise building structures which have a large inertial load with the help of the Hamilton’s principle.On the basis of this system model and with the use of the Lyapunov’s direct method,a boundary controller is proposed and the closed-loop system is uniformly bounded in the time domain.Finally,by using the Smart Structure laboratory platform which is produced by Quancer,we conduct a set of experiments and find that the designed method is resultful.

Safety analysis of optimal outriggers location in high-rise building structures

This paper presents the restraining moments of outriggers acting on the core wall and the equation of the horizontal top deflection based on a simplified outrigger model. The deformation compatibility conditions between outriggers and core wall as well as the finite rigidities of outriggers are also considered. One case study was carried out to analyze the horizontal top deflection and the mutation of the restraining moments caused by the variation of outrigger location. The results showed that the method adopted in the paper is simple and reasonable. Some conclusions are valuable to the safety design of high-rise building structures.

Experimental investigation of turbulent flows around high-rise structure foundations and implications on scour

Many studies have been undertaken to predict local scour around offshore high-rise structure foundations(HRSFs),which have been used in constructing the Donghai Wind Farm in China.However,there have been few works on the turbulent flow that drives the scour process.In this study,the characteristics of the turbulent flow fields around an HRSF were investigated using the particle image velocimetry technique.The mean flow,vorticity,and turbulence intensity were analyzed in detail.The relationship between the flow feature and scour development around an HRSF was elaborated.The results showed that the flow velocity increased to its maximum value near the third row of the pile group.The shear layer and wake vortices could not be fully developed downstream of the last row of the piles at small Reynolds numbers.The strong flow and turbulent fluctuation near the third piles explained the existence of a longtail scour pattern starting from the HRSF shoulders and a trapezoidal deposition region directly downstream of HRSF.This laboratory experiment gains insight into the mechanism of the turbulent flow around HRSFs and provides a rare dataset for numerical model verifications.

Research of CBR, DM and smart algorithms based design methods for high-rise building structure form-selection

First, the high-rise building structure design process is divided into three relevant steps, that is, scheme generation and creation, performance evaluation, and scheme optimization. Then with the application of relational database, the case database of high-rise structures is constructed, the structure form-selection designing methods such as the smart algorithm based on CBR, DM, FINS, NN and GA is presented, and the original forms system of this method and its general structure are given. CBR and DM are used to generate scheme candidates; FINS and NN to evaluate and optimize the scheme performance; GA to create new structure forms. Finally, the application cases are presented, whose results fit in with the real project. It proves by combining and using the expert intelligence, algorithm intelligence and machine intelligence that this method makes good use of not only the engineering project knowledge and expertise but also much deeper knowledge contained in various engineering cases. In other words, it is because the form selection has a strong background support of vast real cases that its results prove more reliable and more acceptable. So the introduction of this method provides an effective approach to improving the quality, efficiency, automatic and smart level of high-rise structures form selection design.

Discussion on Construction Technology and Welding Deformation of High-Rise Steel Frame Structure

Because of urbanization,land resources in China’s cities has become increasingly scarce.Therefore,modern buildings are becoming taller,making high-rise steel frame structures the new favorite of the construction industry.However,the construction of high-rise steel frame structures requires advanced technology.If the construction technology is effectively implemented and the welding techniques of the construction personnel align with the requirements for high-rise steel frame structures,it can help mitigate deformations in the steel structure,thus preserving the overall construction quality of high-rise steel frame structures.To enhance the applicability of steel frame structures in high-rise buildings,this paper focuses on analyzing the optimization path for the construction process of high-rise steel frame structures.It introduces a tailored approach to control welding-induced deformations in steel frame structures,aiming to make a valuable contribution to the advancement of China’s construction industry.

Discussion on seismic design of high-rise building structure in China

With the rapid development of China＇s economy, the modernization drive and the process of urbanization continue to advance, land for urban construction is becoming more and tenser and land prices are rising steadily, there are more and more high-rise buildings, its density is also increasing. With the increasing number trend of high-rise building development, anti-seismic building requirement as an important part of architectural design is worthy of our exploration and study. Seismic resistance has become an important subject of engineering design. This paper will discuss the technical principle of seismic design in building structure design, so as to optimize the seismic design of high-rise building structure better.

Structural form selection of the high-rise buildingwith the improved BP neural network

As civil engineering technology development,the structural form selection is more and more critical in design of high-rise buildings.However,structural form selection involves expertise knowledge and changes with the environment which makes the task arduous.An approach utilizing improved back propagation(BP)neural network optimized by the Levenberg-Marquardt(L-M)algorithm is proposed to extract the main controlling factors of structural form selection.Then,an intelligent expert system with artificial neural network is constructed to design high-rise buildings structure effectively.The experiment tests the model in 15 well-known architecture samples and get the prediction accuracy of 93.33%.The results show that the method is feasible and can help designers select the appropriate structural form.

High-Rise Residential Reinforced Concrete Building Optimisation

In the last few decades structure optimisation has become a main task in a civil engineering project. As a matter of fact, due to the complexity and particularity of every structure, the great amount of variables and design criteria to considerate and many other factors, a general optimisation’s method is not simple to formulate. As a result, this paper focuses on how to provide a successful optimisation method for a particular building type, high-rise reinforced concrete buildings. The optimization method is based on decomposition of the main structure into substructures: floor system, vertical load resisting system, lateral load resisting system and foundation system;then each of the subsystems using the design criteria established at the building codes is improved. Due to the effect of the superstructure optimisation on the foundation system, vertical and lateral load resisting system is the last to be considered after the improvement of floor. Finally, as a case example, using the method explained in the paper, a 30-story-high high-rise residential building complex is analysed and optimised, achieving good results in terms of structural behaviour and diminishing the overall cost of the structure.

Flexible high-rise apartments with sparse wall-frame structure:A data-driven computational approach

Flexible housing resolves the fundamental conflicts between the long-standing structure and the evolving demands.We propose a computational method of optimizing the structural layout of high-rise residential buildings.Chinese high-rise apartment buildings have widely employed shear wall-frame structure in which one big room or multiple small rooms could occupy the same span.Fitting multiple floor plans into a fixed sparse scheme of shear walls and columns is feasible.We developed a computational framework to seek flexible structural schemes.A building scheme consists of a circulation core,shear walls,columns,and boundaries.The computer program automatically adapts floor plans to any drawn or generated scheme.Based on a large dataset of apartment layouts,the number of apartments that fit into a building scheme statistically reflects the flexibility of the scheme.If many hypothetical plans can fit into a wallframe structure in computer simulation,this structure could probably support several generations of unknown plans.Such a data-driven computational method provides the possibility of creating a one-to-many mapping between permanent structure and evolving apartment plans.

Research and Implementations of Structural Monitoring for Bridges and Buildings in Japan

This paper provides a review on the development of structural monitoring in Japan, with an emphasis on the type, strategy, and utilization of monitoring systems. The review focuses on bridge and building structures using vibration-based techniques. Structural monitoring systems in Japan historically started with the objective of evaluating structural responses against extreme events. In the development of structural monitoring, monitoring systems and collected data were used to verify design assumptions, update speci cations, and facilitate the ef cacy of vibration control systems. Strategies and case studies on monitoring for the design veri cation of long-span bridges and tall buildings, the performance of seismic isolation systems in building and bridges, the veri cation of structural retro t, the veri cation of structural control systems (passive, semi-active, and active), structural assessment, and damage detec- tion are described. More recently, the application of monitoring systems has been extended to facilitate ef cient operation and effective maintenance through the rationalization of risk and asset management using monitoring data. This paper also summarizes the lessons learned and feedback obtained from case studies on the structural monitoring of bridges and buildings in Japan.

The Structural Behavior of Low/Medium/High Rise Concrete Office Buildings in Kuwait

The main concern of this paper is to provide an extensive study for the structural behavior of low/medium/high rise office buildings aiming to deepen structure and architect designers understanding for such type of buildings. The study is performed on reinforced concrete and emphasized only on Kuwait city conditions for wind. Regular layout plan building with different heights ranging from five to fifty typical office stories are investigated in this study. Three dimensional finite element techniques through ETABS software are used in conducting analysis for structures presented here-in. A serviceability study is performed to ensure that buildings have sufficient stability to limit lateral drift and peak acceleration within the acceptable range of occupancy comfort. In addition, an ultimate strength study is carried out to design and verify that all the structural elements are designed to withstand factored gravity and lateral loadings in a safe manner according to the international building codes. The building slenderness ratio and the building core size and location are the studied parameters since they are the key drivers for the efficient structural design. Analysis results are presented and discussed and finally conclusions are summarized as guidelines for designers of concrete office buildings in Kuwait.

The Minaret of the Great Mosque in Algiers,a Structural Challenge

The Great Mosque in Algiers will be the third largest mosque in the world and its minaret the highest. The region has a high seismic risk. The project designed by a German team of architects and engineers is under construction and will be finished by 2016. Due to the minaret slenderness and to the special composite structure chosen to withstand lateral loading, the structural design faced some challenging aspects. The paper presents the design philosophy, some significant structural features and details of the minaret structure.

株洲某超高层商住楼罕遇地震弹塑性分析

株洲某超高层商住楼结构总高148.6m,为钢筋混凝土框架-剪力墙结构超高层建筑。该楼存在高度超限、扭转不规则、凹凸不规则、刚度突变、局部不规则等多项超限内容。采用抗震性能化设计,计算采用YJK、ETABS等软件对结构进行小震弹性计算、弹性时程计算及中震计算,采用SAUSAGE软件进行罕遇地震弹塑性时程计算,并针对超限提出相应的技术措施,分析结果表明整体结构可以达到预定的性能目标。

BP-PSO-based intelligent case retrieval method for high-rise structural form selection

Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise structures.Structural form selection,especially the case based reasoning (CBR) based structural form selection,is a promising tool for the construction of high-rise structures.In view of the limit of cognitive ability of domain experts,a BP (back propagation)-PSO (particle swarm optimization)-based intelligence case retrieval method for high-rise structural form selection is proposed.The CBR-based case retrieval method and the construction of the BP-PSO neutral network are introduced.And then the BP-PSO-based case retrieval method is validated by some engineering cases.The results of training and prediction indicate that the proposed method has good ability to retrieve the cases of high-rise structures.

某超限高层房屋安全性鉴定与抗震鉴定

针对某超限高层框架-核心筒结构房屋现状的安全性,分析了在地震作用下该房屋的抗震性能。根据现场检测数据及建模计算结果,参照现行规范对该房屋进行安全性检测鉴定,鉴定结果为Asu级。对该房屋结构体系和抗震构造措施进行检测,检测结果均满足规范要求;通过建模对该房屋进行结构抗震计算并采用弹性时程分析法进行多遇地震下的补充计算,结果表明该房屋轴压比、结构最大层间位移角、周期比、剪重比等指标满足规范要求,房屋在地震作用下的承载力满足要求。

某超限建筑结构设计与分析

由于建筑平面、立面上的需求,结构存在扭转不规则、偏心布置、多塔、竖向构件不连续、连体等问题,存在三项及以上抗震不规则。采用YJK、ETABS、SAUSAGE软件对结构在多遇地震、偶遇地震、罕遇地震情况下进行分析计算,能满足各项抗震性能要求。对转换层楼板应力、连廊连体结构等进行专项分析,通过专项分析加强后,结构能达到规范要求的各项性能目标。

厦门裕景中心1号酒店塔楼超限结构设计研究

厦门裕景中心项目主体为框架—剪力墙结构,平面呈S形,上部结构的5~7层中间部分设置转换桁架用于支撑上方11层钢结构,存在细腰、扭转不规则、偏心布置、托柱转换、底盘高度超限等多项不规则情况。该项目为续建工程,上部荷载较原来有所增加,需重新复核基础承载力,并基于抗震性能设计,设置合理的抗震性能目标,通过罕遇地震下的动力弹塑性时程分析,找出薄弱部位,从而提出可行加强措施。最后,分析交叉桁架节点应力及小震中震下转换桁架的传力途径,确保达到中震性能目标。

一种基于约束框架的棱柱网格生成方法

提出了一种基于约束框架的棱柱网格生成方法,即利用物面网格节点与背景结构框架网格之间的单一映射关系线性插值生成棱柱网格。背景结构框架网格基于TFI方法生成。物面网格节点与背景框架网格之间的映射关系通过一种线性投影方法建立。然后通过V型槽、圆球、M6机翼和F6翼身组合体四种不同外形对该棱柱网格生成方法进行了测试,测试结果表明该方法能够避免棱柱网格生成中的网格交叉现象,保证棱柱网格的成功生成。该方法在棱柱网格质量控制、棱柱网格局部修改等方面具有较好的效率和优势,但背景框架网格的生成依然是该方法的一个瓶颈,需要进一步的研究。

平面不规则复杂超限结构振动台试验研究

以实际工程为背景,对平面不规则复杂超限结构进行地震模拟振动台试验研究,量测模型结构动力特性、阻尼比及其在不同水准地震作用下加速度、位移等动力反应,研究结构破坏机理及模式。试验结果表明,模型结构X方向经历7°多遇及基本烈度地震后基本保持弹性状态。结构X向一阶自振频率为5.610 Hz,阻尼比2.995%;Y向一阶自振频率5.484 Hz,阻尼比2.478%,随加速度幅值的增加自振频率逐渐降低,阻尼比提高;罕遇地震作用后模型结构Y向自振频率较震前下降约15%,阻尼比提高至6.531%,7°多遇地震下结构X、Y向最大层间位移角分别为1/1071,1/799,罕遇地震下结构最大层间位移角为1/120,均满足规范要求。多遇地震Kobe波激励下结构上部楼层最大位移比达1.331,存在一定扭转不规则,但程度较小。试验表明原型结构设计基本合理,整体抗震性能较好。并对原型结构设计提出建议。

径向基/超限插值结构网格运动方法中的变形一致性问题

针对径向基函数插值和超限插值的结构网格运动方法(RBF_TFI)中变形一致性问题引起的空间网格棱线扭曲和网格单元交叉现象进行深入分析,并依据分析结果提出一种改进的RBF_TFI结构网格运动方`法.首先基于HIRENASD机翼模型计算网格绕y轴旋转30°的算例,从变形网格质量、棱线交叉点位移误差与空间棱线扭曲等方面分析了不同基点选择方案中变形一致性问题产生的原因;然后将与物面相连的空间棱线定义为边界棱线,并采用三次样条插值的方式更新边界棱线上网格点的坐标.使用HIRENASD算例对文中方法的效果进行了验证,结果表明,该方法能够消除变形一致性问题引起的棱线扭曲现象,有效地避免变形网格出现交叉和产生负体积单元.