Primary liver cancer(PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. PLC is characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, poor quality of life, and short survival time. Notably, current treatment strateg...Primary liver cancer(PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. PLC is characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, poor quality of life, and short survival time. Notably, current treatment strategies remain unsatisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) have been used to treat a variety of diseases, including liver diseases, for more than 2000 years. In this study, we performed a review of the use frequency and clinical efficacy of TCM in treating PLC. Relevant literature from January 1, 2009, to January 1, 2021 was retrieved from network databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chongqing VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, and SinoMed. The most frequently used TCM and their efficacy in PLC treatment were summarized. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were selected. Overall, the efficacy of the combination of TCM and Western medicines in the treatment of PLC was higher than that in the control groups(i.e. treatment with Western medicines alone)(65.11% vs.44.31%, P <.05). Among the 33 selected articles, 11 were investigated for TCM preparation(marketed drugs) and 22 for TCM formulas. In total, 102 types of TCM(single herbs) were used to treat PLC. The top five most frequently used TCM were Poria(14.71%), Astragali radix(13.73%), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma(12.75%), Bupleuri radix(12.75%), and Glycyrrhizae radix et Rhizoma(11.76%). Of the 102 types of TCM, tonics were the most frequently used categories, followed by heat-clearing medicines, blood-invigorating medicines, and stasis-resolving medicines. Of 207 papers, 174(84.06%) could not be subjected to statistical analysis due to research quality. Further high-quality research on herb sources, formula components and dosage, toxicology, and ethics of TCM is necessary. In conclusion, TCM play a promising role in the treatment and management of PLC, although further investigations are warranted.展开更多
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. In recent years, the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer have increased year by year, which has seriously threatened human health. Su...Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. In recent years, the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer have increased year by year, which has seriously threatened human health. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as the primary treatments of Western medicine, have achieved specific results in the clinic, but each has its limitations, this is mainly related to their side effects. The diversified treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine have visible clinical effects, especially in terms of reducing toxicity and increasing efficiency. This present review reviews the research progress of esophageal cancer in terms of traditional Chinese medicine treatment, including the application of Chinese medicine extract, Chinese herbal compound, Chinese patent medicine and TCM external treatment in clinical practice, may provide valuable information for the adjuvant treatment of esophageal cancer with traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
Organoids are three-dimensional culture systems generated from embryonic stem cells,induced pluripotent stem cells,and adult stem cells.They are capable of cell proliferation,differentiation,and self-renewal.Upon stim...Organoids are three-dimensional culture systems generated from embryonic stem cells,induced pluripotent stem cells,and adult stem cells.They are capable of cell proliferation,differentiation,and self-renewal.Upon stimulation by signal factors and/or growth factors,organoids self-assemble to replicate the morphological and structural characteristics of the corresponding organs.They provide an extraordinary platform for investigating organ development and mimicking pathological processes.Organoid biobanks derived from a wide range of carcinomas have been established to represent different lesions or stages of clinical tumors.Importantly,genomic and transcriptomic analyses have confirmed maintenance of intra-and interpatient heterogeneities in organoids.Therefore,this technology has the potential to revolutionize drug screening and personalized medicine.In this review,we summarized the characteristics and applications of organoids in cancer research by the establishment of organoid biobanks directly from tumor organoids or from genetically modified non-cancerous organoids.We also analyzed the current state of organoid applications in drug screening and personalized medicine.展开更多
Prostate cancer remains the second most common malignancy in men worldwide, is a global health issue,and poses a huge health burden. Precision medicine provides more treatment options for prostate cancer patients, but...Prostate cancer remains the second most common malignancy in men worldwide, is a global health issue,and poses a huge health burden. Precision medicine provides more treatment options for prostate cancer patients, but its popularity, drug resistance, and adverse reactions still need to be focused on. Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs) have been widely accepted as an alternative therapy for cancer, with the advantages of multiple targets, multiple pathways, and low toxicity. We searched the experimental research and clinical practice of CHMs for prostate cancer treatment published in Pub Med, Embase, and Web of Science in the last five years. We found five CHM formulas and six single CHM extracts as well as 12 CHM-derived compounds, which showed induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest, suppression of angiogenesis, proliferation, and migration of prostate cancer cells, reversal of drug resistance,and enhancement of anti-tumor immunity. The mechanisms of action include the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, AR,EGFR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, which are commonly implicated in the development of prostate cancer. We also summarized the advantages of CHMs in patients with hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer and provided ideas for their further experimental design and application.展开更多
Background:Combination therapy with traditional Chinese medicine and chemotherapy was proposed as a therapeutic strategy for non-small cell lung cancer patients.Therefore,we performed a systematic review and metaanaly...Background:Combination therapy with traditional Chinese medicine and chemotherapy was proposed as a therapeutic strategy for non-small cell lung cancer patients.Therefore,we performed a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials to assess effects of this combination therapy on non-small cell lung cancer.To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Chinese patent medicine Kang’ai injection adjunct with TP chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.Methods:A randomized controlled study of the Chinese patent medicine Kang’ai injection adjunct with TP chemotherapy in the databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,WanFang Database,VIP Database,Sino-Med Database,PUBMED,EMBASE and Cochrane library was searched by computer.The literatures published from the database establishment to July 1,2020 were included in the search scope.After 2 evaluators independently evaluated and cross checked the quality of the study,Revman 5.3 was used to meta analyze the clinical effect of the Chinese patent medicine Kang’ai injection adjunct with TP chemotherapy on patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Results:A total of 1,370 lung cancer patients were included in 20 RCTs.The results of meta-analysis showed that there were significant differences between the 2 groups in clinical efficacy(RR=1.32,95%CI(1.20,1.44)),quality of life(RR=1.44,95%CI(1.32,1.57)),immune function(MD=0.53,95%CI(0.23–0.83)),adverse reactions(RR=0.49,95%CI(0.41,0.58)).Conclusion:The Chinese patent medicine Kang’ai injection adjunct with TP chemotherapy is effective and safe in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer,and has great prospects for further development.However,the quality of evidence was very low-to-moderate.Considering the poor quality of evidence,we are not very confident in the results.We look forward to more research and update results in the future and improve the evidence quality.展开更多
Owing to its unique superiority in improving quality of life and prolonging survival time among advanced lung cancer patients, Chinese medicine（CM） has, in recent years, received increased attentions worldwide. We u...Owing to its unique superiority in improving quality of life and prolonging survival time among advanced lung cancer patients, Chinese medicine（CM） has, in recent years, received increased attentions worldwide. We utilized a bibliometric statistical method based on MEDLINE/Go Pub Med to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current application status of CM in lung cancer, by including annual and accumulated publications, origin distribution of countries and journals, and keywords with a higher frequency score. Then the relevant clinical trials and mechanistic studies were systematically summarized within the field according to research types. We have raised potential problems and provided potentially useful reference information that could guide similar studies in the future. The basic experimental results are highly consistent with clinical trials, leading us to conclude that CM can offer better overall therapeutic benefits when used in combination with routine Western medicine for patients with advanced lung cancer.展开更多
Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a serious condition in which trauma to the head causes damage to the brain,leading to a disruption in brain function.This is a significant health issue worldwide,with around 69 million pe...Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a serious condition in which trauma to the head causes damage to the brain,leading to a disruption in brain function.This is a significant health issue worldwide,with around 69 million people suffering from TBI each year.Immediately following the trauma,damage occurs in the acute phase of injury that leads to the primary outcomes of the TBI.In the hours-to-days that follow,secondary damage can also occur,leading to chronic outcomes.TBIs can range in severity from mild to severe,and can be complicated by the fact that some individuals sustain multiple TBIs,a risk factor for worse long-term outcomes.Although our knowledge about the pathophysiology of TBI has increased in recent years,unfortunately this has not been translated into effective clinical therapies.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration has yet to approve any drugs for the treatment of TBI;current clinical treatment guidelines merely offer supportive care.Outcomes between individuals greatly vary,which makes the treatment for TBI so challenging.A blow of similar force can have only mild,primary outcomes in one individual and yet cause severe,chronic outcomes in another.One of the reasons that have been proposed for this differential response to TBI is the underlying genetic differences across the population.Due to this,many researchers have begun to investigate the possibility of using precision medicine techniques to address TBI treatment.In this review,we will discuss the research detailing the identification of genetic risk factors for worse outcomes after TBI,and the work investigating personalized treatments for these higher-risk individuals.We highlight the need for further research into the identification of higher-risk individuals and the development of personalized therapies for TBI.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81874356)the Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research from Hubei University of Medicine(WDCM2018002,WDCM201917,WDCM201918)+1 种基金the Chinese Medicine Project of Health Commission of Hubei Province(ZY2021010)the Foundation for Innovative Research Team of Hubei University of Medicine(2018YHKT01)。
文摘Primary liver cancer(PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. PLC is characterized by insidious onset, rapid progress, poor quality of life, and short survival time. Notably, current treatment strategies remain unsatisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) have been used to treat a variety of diseases, including liver diseases, for more than 2000 years. In this study, we performed a review of the use frequency and clinical efficacy of TCM in treating PLC. Relevant literature from January 1, 2009, to January 1, 2021 was retrieved from network databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chongqing VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, and SinoMed. The most frequently used TCM and their efficacy in PLC treatment were summarized. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were selected. Overall, the efficacy of the combination of TCM and Western medicines in the treatment of PLC was higher than that in the control groups(i.e. treatment with Western medicines alone)(65.11% vs.44.31%, P <.05). Among the 33 selected articles, 11 were investigated for TCM preparation(marketed drugs) and 22 for TCM formulas. In total, 102 types of TCM(single herbs) were used to treat PLC. The top five most frequently used TCM were Poria(14.71%), Astragali radix(13.73%), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma(12.75%), Bupleuri radix(12.75%), and Glycyrrhizae radix et Rhizoma(11.76%). Of the 102 types of TCM, tonics were the most frequently used categories, followed by heat-clearing medicines, blood-invigorating medicines, and stasis-resolving medicines. Of 207 papers, 174(84.06%) could not be subjected to statistical analysis due to research quality. Further high-quality research on herb sources, formula components and dosage, toxicology, and ethics of TCM is necessary. In conclusion, TCM play a promising role in the treatment and management of PLC, although further investigations are warranted.
文摘Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. In recent years, the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer have increased year by year, which has seriously threatened human health. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as the primary treatments of Western medicine, have achieved specific results in the clinic, but each has its limitations, this is mainly related to their side effects. The diversified treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine have visible clinical effects, especially in terms of reducing toxicity and increasing efficiency. This present review reviews the research progress of esophageal cancer in terms of traditional Chinese medicine treatment, including the application of Chinese medicine extract, Chinese herbal compound, Chinese patent medicine and TCM external treatment in clinical practice, may provide valuable information for the adjuvant treatment of esophageal cancer with traditional Chinese medicine.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31671421,82030079,and 82003187).
文摘Organoids are three-dimensional culture systems generated from embryonic stem cells,induced pluripotent stem cells,and adult stem cells.They are capable of cell proliferation,differentiation,and self-renewal.Upon stimulation by signal factors and/or growth factors,organoids self-assemble to replicate the morphological and structural characteristics of the corresponding organs.They provide an extraordinary platform for investigating organ development and mimicking pathological processes.Organoid biobanks derived from a wide range of carcinomas have been established to represent different lesions or stages of clinical tumors.Importantly,genomic and transcriptomic analyses have confirmed maintenance of intra-and interpatient heterogeneities in organoids.Therefore,this technology has the potential to revolutionize drug screening and personalized medicine.In this review,we summarized the characteristics and applications of organoids in cancer research by the establishment of organoid biobanks directly from tumor organoids or from genetically modified non-cancerous organoids.We also analyzed the current state of organoid applications in drug screening and personalized medicine.
基金supported by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine: 2019 Project of Building Evidencebased Practice Capacity for TCM (No. 2019XZZX-ZL007)National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Jia Yingjie National Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Experts Academic Experience Inheritance Project (No. 974022)。
文摘Prostate cancer remains the second most common malignancy in men worldwide, is a global health issue,and poses a huge health burden. Precision medicine provides more treatment options for prostate cancer patients, but its popularity, drug resistance, and adverse reactions still need to be focused on. Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs) have been widely accepted as an alternative therapy for cancer, with the advantages of multiple targets, multiple pathways, and low toxicity. We searched the experimental research and clinical practice of CHMs for prostate cancer treatment published in Pub Med, Embase, and Web of Science in the last five years. We found five CHM formulas and six single CHM extracts as well as 12 CHM-derived compounds, which showed induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest, suppression of angiogenesis, proliferation, and migration of prostate cancer cells, reversal of drug resistance,and enhancement of anti-tumor immunity. The mechanisms of action include the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, AR,EGFR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, which are commonly implicated in the development of prostate cancer. We also summarized the advantages of CHMs in patients with hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer and provided ideas for their further experimental design and application.
文摘Background:Combination therapy with traditional Chinese medicine and chemotherapy was proposed as a therapeutic strategy for non-small cell lung cancer patients.Therefore,we performed a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials to assess effects of this combination therapy on non-small cell lung cancer.To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Chinese patent medicine Kang’ai injection adjunct with TP chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.Methods:A randomized controlled study of the Chinese patent medicine Kang’ai injection adjunct with TP chemotherapy in the databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,WanFang Database,VIP Database,Sino-Med Database,PUBMED,EMBASE and Cochrane library was searched by computer.The literatures published from the database establishment to July 1,2020 were included in the search scope.After 2 evaluators independently evaluated and cross checked the quality of the study,Revman 5.3 was used to meta analyze the clinical effect of the Chinese patent medicine Kang’ai injection adjunct with TP chemotherapy on patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Results:A total of 1,370 lung cancer patients were included in 20 RCTs.The results of meta-analysis showed that there were significant differences between the 2 groups in clinical efficacy(RR=1.32,95%CI(1.20,1.44)),quality of life(RR=1.44,95%CI(1.32,1.57)),immune function(MD=0.53,95%CI(0.23–0.83)),adverse reactions(RR=0.49,95%CI(0.41,0.58)).Conclusion:The Chinese patent medicine Kang’ai injection adjunct with TP chemotherapy is effective and safe in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer,and has great prospects for further development.However,the quality of evidence was very low-to-moderate.Considering the poor quality of evidence,we are not very confident in the results.We look forward to more research and update results in the future and improve the evidence quality.
文摘Owing to its unique superiority in improving quality of life and prolonging survival time among advanced lung cancer patients, Chinese medicine（CM） has, in recent years, received increased attentions worldwide. We utilized a bibliometric statistical method based on MEDLINE/Go Pub Med to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current application status of CM in lung cancer, by including annual and accumulated publications, origin distribution of countries and journals, and keywords with a higher frequency score. Then the relevant clinical trials and mechanistic studies were systematically summarized within the field according to research types. We have raised potential problems and provided potentially useful reference information that could guide similar studies in the future. The basic experimental results are highly consistent with clinical trials, leading us to conclude that CM can offer better overall therapeutic benefits when used in combination with routine Western medicine for patients with advanced lung cancer.
基金supported by a grant from the New Jersey Commission on Brain Injury Research(No.CBIR16FEL009).
文摘Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a serious condition in which trauma to the head causes damage to the brain,leading to a disruption in brain function.This is a significant health issue worldwide,with around 69 million people suffering from TBI each year.Immediately following the trauma,damage occurs in the acute phase of injury that leads to the primary outcomes of the TBI.In the hours-to-days that follow,secondary damage can also occur,leading to chronic outcomes.TBIs can range in severity from mild to severe,and can be complicated by the fact that some individuals sustain multiple TBIs,a risk factor for worse long-term outcomes.Although our knowledge about the pathophysiology of TBI has increased in recent years,unfortunately this has not been translated into effective clinical therapies.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration has yet to approve any drugs for the treatment of TBI;current clinical treatment guidelines merely offer supportive care.Outcomes between individuals greatly vary,which makes the treatment for TBI so challenging.A blow of similar force can have only mild,primary outcomes in one individual and yet cause severe,chronic outcomes in another.One of the reasons that have been proposed for this differential response to TBI is the underlying genetic differences across the population.Due to this,many researchers have begun to investigate the possibility of using precision medicine techniques to address TBI treatment.In this review,we will discuss the research detailing the identification of genetic risk factors for worse outcomes after TBI,and the work investigating personalized treatments for these higher-risk individuals.We highlight the need for further research into the identification of higher-risk individuals and the development of personalized therapies for TBI.
