Prospects for Channel Construction of Sending Power from Westto East in the Next 10 Years

This paper describes the planned power transmission from west to east through three channels. It presents the main characteristics of these three channels and the problems need to be solved.

North-Channel Projects for Sending Power from West to East

On August 20, 2002, the construction-starting ceremonies of the north-channel projects for sending power from west to east were solemnly held at one main meeting place and five sub-meeting places simultaneously. The north-channel projects for sending power from west to east started to construct this time include three transmission and substation projects and four power source projects. This paper makes a brief introduction to the seven projects.

Market Analyses on Both Ends of "Power from West to East" from Northwest Region (Excerption)

This paper analyzes the power markets both in northwest sending end and, east receiving ends, points out the favorable and unfavorable conditions for power development In, the northwest area, brings forward,the development planning of power sources and power network constructions, and presents the benefit estimation of sending power from northwest to east.

Power sent from west to east to reach 66.30 GW in 2010

It is learned recently from the National Energy Administration that China will continue to send more electricity from west to east and to lay more

Study and Application of Internal Coating Technique to Drag Reduction of the Trunk Pipeline for the West-East Gas Pipeline

Coverage layer coated in the internal wall of pipeline enables the friction drag to be reduced, the throughput and the gas transmission efficiency to be increased, the frequency of pigging and the number of the intermediate compressor station to be reduced, and the power consumption of the compressor to be decreased etc. The drag reduction is a high advanced scientific technique with outstanding economical benefit. The study and application of internal coating technique for drag reduction of 4000 km trunk pipeline in West East gas transmission pipeline (WEGTP) project are described, in which the main points are the drag reduction principle, coating process and the indoor study of this technique with own decided knowledge property right at home.

The Technical Specification and Physical Performance Level of Line Pipes for West-East Gas Pipeline

The west east gas transmission engineering is an important project attracting domestic and foreign attention. The gas pipeline used in this project is a gas pipeline with the longest distance, largest pipe diameter and highest transmission pressure in the history of petroleum pipeline construction of China. For the construction of top rank gas pipeline in the world with high standard, high speed and high benefit, the key of specifying production of metallurgical and pipe making enterprises and ensuring quality performance of the steel and steel pipe is to research and formulate a feasible and satisfactory technical Specification for engineering steel and steel pipe with international level. In this paper the author introduces the establishment of the technical specification for West East gas pipeline project, and lays emphasis on the analysis and discussion of principle and method determining major technical indexes related to line pipes for West East gas pipeline. The author also introduces actual material selection of gas pipeline home and abroad, and presents examination and application of the technical specification for West-East gas pipeline.

Development of Network Interconnection in China

This paper introduces the current situation of China power industry and interconnection, the necessity to develop interconnection, the principle of nationwide interconnection and the key technologies to be studiedinclude HVDC and FACTS. The paper also discusses thefeasibility of 750 kV to be used in the northwest.regionand to speed up research and development of nighervoltage level in other regions of China, as well as scl-ence and technical innovation for transmission and dis-tribution projects.

Development and application of Baosteel X80 large diameter UOE longitudinal submerged arc welded pipes

With the increase in energy demand, the demand for oil and gas transmission pipes, particularly high-grade longitudinal submerged arc welded pipes （LSAWs）, have been growing in recent years. The construction of the 2nd West -East natural gas transmission pipeline project shows that the oil and gas pipeline construction has entered a new phase of development with X80 pipes being applied in large scales for the first time in China. This paper briefly introduces the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project and its main technical requirements with the focus on the features of API standard 5L X80 grade Ф 1219 mm series of U-ing-O-ing-Expanding （ UOE ） LSAW pipes, which Baosteel developed with the integrated technology for the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project. The analysis shows the extra-low carbon content, the high contents of manganese and niobium, the fine microstructure, the high strength,the toughness and the good weldability of X80 pipes meet the requirements of ＂the technical specification of LSAW linepipes for the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project in China＂. By the end of June 2010, Baosteel had totally produced 322000 t of Ф 1219 mm X80 UOE steel pipes, which have been successfully used in the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project, thus filling the gap of the production of large diameter X80 UOE LSAW pipes in China.

稳健驾驭:巨型工程的国家治理逻辑及其实现--以“西气东输”项目为例

巨型工程因其超大规模引发复杂性治理难题,需要国家的全面介入与稳健驾驭。西气东输工程的案例研究显示,超大的工程规模会导致决策的信息缺失与方案模糊问题,以及工程建设中的项目集成交互和多主体协同困境等治理难题。为解决这些难题,国家通过战略框定与工程目标建构,以国家意志塑造巨型工程战略纵深与社会合法性;通过方案最优化决策与群体智慧支持,以集体理性弥合理想最优方案与群体决策结果的差距;以领导小组统筹部署、高层权威推动和政治性协调,整合碎片化治理权威,形成有效的府际治理合力;通过国家主导的组织结构网络,国家权力深刻嵌入工程建设场域,以国家能力的积极运作实现管理协同。巨型工程的国家治理逻辑可概括为全面介入、战略统筹、稳健驾驭和有效治理,其研究有助于拓展巨型工程治理的国家理论,加深对中国巨型工程治理和决策过程的理解。

化学储氢介质实现“西氢东送”的可行性研究

氢能是实现能源安全和“双碳”目标的重要途径,是全球新能源发展的重要方向之一。我国西部地区可再生能源丰富,绿氢制备潜力大,但能源消费主要集中在东部地区,供需错配问题突出,研究开展“西氢东送”能有效缓解我国资源错配问题,促进我国氢能产业高质量发展。本文阐述了实施“西氢东送”的必要性,介绍了气态、液态、化学储氢介质、固态及有机液体储运技术路径,从技术特点、技术成熟度、标准体系和市场应用4个方面进行了技术可行性分析比较,提出以化学储氢介质、液氢、管道输氢为近期、中期、远期实现“西氢东送”可行的技术路径。再进一步以甘肃省酒泉市运输至上海市为实例,分别以绿氨、绿色甲醇、液氢和管道输氢为“西氢东送”实现路径,构建包括制氢、介质、运输、还原和配送各环节的供应链模型,通过测算供应链全过程综合成本,分析比较了经济可行性。综合研究表明,近期通过成熟的绿氨及绿色甲醇作为储运介质、中期逐步发展液氢运输方式、远期建设大规模长距离输氢管道,是我国实现“西氢东送”的可行路径。

三维配管设计软件AutoPLANT在西气东输站场工程的开发应用

概述了三维配管设计软件的特点及在西气东输站场设计中的应用情况,主要介绍了软件应用开发的内容、关键技术及创新点、软件应用开发成果、软件的经济效益情况。

“东数西算”工程背景下韶关数据中心集群建设思路

当今全球已经进入数字化时代,信息数据量迅猛增长,算力资源的重要性也日益提升。为了支持处理这些海量数据,需要建设大量的数据中心建筑。文章基于“东数西算”工程的架构指引,通过总结韶关地区区位环境和产业资源现状,分析了建设韶关数据中心集群在能源利用和算力利用方面面临的挑战,并提出了针对性的建设思路。

面向算网的一体化能源算力网络技术研究

文章重点研究在互联网时代,加强算网深度耦合、提升能源网络算力能力,对云、网、边进行一体化能源算力网络部署。围绕“东数西算”新型算力布局,通过算网融合,优化算力布局、优化国家/省级能源算网能力协同模型,融合算网能力,优化算力区域间东西向、南北向流量模型,进行算力端到端一体化高质量网络保障,打造算网一体的多云生态高品质能源算力网络。

基于实测点云数据的隧道分割及形变检测方法

随着现代测绘技术的进步,点云数据成为了隧道健康监测中不可或缺的工具。针对西气东输这类的大型能源输送隧道,提出了一种基于实测点云数据的隧道分割与形变检测方法。首先,通过结合几何和密度的分割策略,准确地从原始点云数据中提取隧道结构。其次,采用时间序列和特征检测策略,实现了对隧道微小形变的准确识别。此外,引入机器学习方法进一步提高了形变检测的准确性和自动化程度。实验结果表明:此方法在实际工程应用中具有很高的准确性和稳定性,为隧道的安全运营提供了有力的技术支撑。

17-19世纪西人眼中的中医针灸

17—19世纪是欧洲人对中医针灸进行探究的起始阶段,也是中西医学体系、文化信仰展开碰撞、对话的阶段。这一时期,荷兰东印度公司医生以及来华传教士是中医针灸西传的主要译介主体,他们发回欧洲的书信、报告、译作等共同构成了西方针灸知识的主要来源。西人对针灸的态度随着社会发展、文明强弱等因素逐渐发生改变,由最初接触针灸产生的惊奇、赞叹转变为质疑、嘲讽。探究中医西传初期西人眼中的针灸形象及其对针灸态度产生变化的原因能够为当今中医药文化走出去带来启示。

算力网络布局及实施路径研究

算力网络是一种根据业务需求,按需分配和灵活调度计算资源、存储资源以及网络资源的新型信息基础设施,需要传送网络从完善网络架构、优化系统性能、提供个性化服务三方面,向大带宽、低时延、高可靠、弹性承载、灵活调度、高安全、广泛覆盖、智能化方向演进。文章基于对现有OTN、SPN、PON等承载网的现状分析,通过分析算力网络需求及演进路径,以算力为中心,基于全光底座和统一IP技术,打造超低时延、敏捷灵活、智能弹性的云边端算力高速互联网络;打造算力泛在入口,实现一点接入,算力即时可取,满足广覆盖、差异化的算力接入需求。