Energy conservation and emissions reduction strategies in foundry industry

Current energy conservation and emissions reduction strategies in iron and steel industry were reviewed. Since foundry industry is one of the major source of energy consumption and pollution emission (especially CO 2 ), issues concerning energy-saving and emission-reduction have been raised by governments and the industry. Specialists from around the world carried out multidimensional analyses and evaluation on the potentials in energy conservation and emissions reduction in iron and steel industry, and proposed various kinds of analyzing models. The primary measures mainly focus on the targeted policies formulation and also on clean and highefficient technologies development. The differences and similarities in energy conservation and emission reduction in foundry industry between China and other countries were discussed, while, the future development trend was also pointed out.

Life Cycle Assessment-based method of Excessive Commodity Packaging on Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction

Based on a Life Cycle Assessment model, the effect of the whole life cycle of excessive commodity packaging on the environment was analyzed by eBalance Evaluation LCA software from production through circulation. The cost evaluation system and environment impact model of its three main processes, that is, material production, product machining and waste manufacturing, were established to identify the main environmental impact corresponding indicators and the influence on energy conservation and emissions reduction of excessive packaging life cycle. And packaging of moon-cakes was taken as an example to analyze the difference between the ordinary packaging and excessive packaging of moon-cakes in terms of life cycle assessment and costs analysis. Meanwhile some measures are put forward to conserve energy and reduce emissions.

Study on Objectives and Strategies for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in Transportation Industry during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period in Beijing

Facing increasing passenger and cargo transport demand and limited re-source in the 13th Five-Year period, how to make a breakthrough and substantial progress has become a key issue on planning and the Top-level Design. In this paper we judged and analyzed the current development and potential demand of the energy saving and emission reduction in Beijing traffic industry. Through application of energy and emission prediction model which based on the vehicle activity data, the development goals of “one drop, double control, and triple upgrade” have been put forward. In order to achieve the goal, “5 + 1” development strategies should be implemented, and we also proposed the thinking and recommendations on sustainable development of transportation.

Are energy conservation and emission reduction policy measures effective for industrial structure restructuring and upgrading?

The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the 10 important strategies of environmental management in China. The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the important strategies of environmental management in China. Based on the systematic collection of 1,195 energy conservation emission reduction policies, we discuss the influence of individual measure and measure synergy of energy conservation and emission reduction policies respectively. The results show that the energy conservation and emission reduction policies have a significant effect on the overall promotion of industrial upgrading. The financial measures and guidance measures have a positive impact;the financial measures and guidance measures have significantly positive effect; however, the administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures do the opposite; the positive effect of the synergy of guidance measures and financial measures is greater than the negative effect of considering only the synergy of fiscal tax measures and other economic measures, and significantly greater than the negative effect of the synergy of administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures. We should strengthen and emphasize the use of the measure that has positive effect on industrial structure restructuring and upgrading individually and synergistically.

Green ICT Impact on Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction

The direct and indirect effect of ICT on energy conservation and emission reduction is described. The energy consumption per unit GDP in the ICT industry is lower than that in other industries. The application of ICT in such fi elds as industrial design, manufacturing, management, logistics, sales and service can be helpful for energy conservation and emission reduction in the industrial and transportations industry; however, the issue of energy waste and environmental pollution caused by voluminous deployment of ICT products should never be overlooked. This paper presents the lat- est development of communications products in energy conservation and exemplifi es the roles of ICT in energy conservation and consumption reduction. The issue of electromagnetic radiation of ICT products and the recycling and reuse of e-wastes are explored.

The Impact of Global Value Chain Embedment on Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction:Theory and Empirical Evidence

An in-depth investigation into the effect of embedment in global value chain(GVC)on energy conservation and emissions reduction is of great significance for scientifically assessing the environmental impact of GVC participation,and promoting high-quality development in China.This paper incorporates GVC embedment,energy consumption and carbon emissions into the same analysis framework for the first time.Based on the WIOD database,this paper theoretically and empirically examines the impact and mechanism of global value chain embeddedness on carbon emission reduction from two dimensions:energy consumption intensity and energy consumption structure.The study found that GVC embedment significantly reduced the industry’s carbon emission intensity;developing economies’embedment in GVC helped reduce their carbon emission intensity,while the effect was not obvious in developed economies.GVC embedment had a significant inhibitory effect on the carbon emissions in both upstream and downstream industries,but not conducive to carbon reduction of lowtech manufacturing.The mechanism test shows that the GVC embedment not only exhibits the dual effects of energy conservation and emissions reduction,but also has a significant impact on carbon emissions by reducing the energy consumption intensity and improving the energy consumption structure.

China's Wind Power Integration and Benefits to Energy Saving and Emission Reduction

Based on the research of wind power development policies, this paper put forward the reform directions to improve the disadvantages of the policies. The wind power’s grid integration status quo is introduced, and the bottle neck of grid integration is analyzed. By the study on the economic benefits of wind power integration in China’s present stage, the results indicate that the wind power industry is in good condition of profits and the profits are higher with the increase of the wind resources in the areas. Through expanding the difference of the power purchase prices in different resource areas, it is beneficial for the nationwide harmonious development of wind power. At last, the present and future benefits of the energy conservation and emission reduction from wind power integration are estimated, which shows that the environmental benefits of "wind-thermal exchange" will be more and more outstanding along with the expansion of the scale of wind power.

Analysis of Oxygen Consumption in Lead and Zinc Metallurgy

This article analyzes the role of oxygen in lead zinc metallurgy,including shortening the metallurgical process,promoting energy conservation and environmental protection,improving metallurgical strength,enhancing raw material adaptability,and enhancing comprehensive recovery efficiency.This article introduces different lead zinc metallurgical processes and their oxygen consumption characteristics,including oxygen enriched side blowing lead smelting,oxygen bottom blowing lead smelting,oxygen enriched top blowing lead smelting,flash smelting lead,oxygen pressure leaching zinc smelting,and atmospheric pressure oxygen leaching zinc smelting.It is pointed out that oxygen enhanced metallurgy is the direction for the transformation and upgrading of lead zinc metallurgy.

Policy Options for Sustainable Development in Urban Transport:Analysis of Energy Consumption and Environmental Benefit Influenced by Different Transport Policies in Beijing

Transportation is a sector with high energy consumption as well as high emissions.Generally speaking,economic growth will inevitably lead to the increase of travel demand and vehicle population,which in turn results into the augmentation of environmental and social costs.For metropolis like Beijing under rapid development,there exist various possibilities and options for transport development policy instruments.But there is no guarantee that they will be suitable for Beijing,although they are effective in their local places.This article assesses what kind of policy can most effectively improve the traffic conditions in Beijing in the future.After literature reviews on the practices of foreign policy and we established several feasible scenarios.Then,we used the Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning System(LREAP) analyzed their corresponding results of reduced energy consumption and emissions.Finally,by simulating and computing the realistic Beijing transportation scenarios,this paper scientifically assesses what kind of policy can most effectively improve the traffic condition in Beijing in the coming decade.

Green and Low-carbon Development Strategy for Large Energy Enterprises

Green and low-carbon development is the critical countermeasure to cope with climate change and to promote energy production and consumption revolution.China National Offshore Oil Corporation(“CNOOC”)has thoroughly implemented the requirements of the country’s ecological civilisation construction,highlighting the mission and responsibility of large central energy enterprises.Combined with the characteristics of its industry,CNOOC put forward a green low-carbon development strategy.CNOOC has put into practice the concept and practice of green and lowcarbon development by optimising the design of management systems,innovating energy conservation and emission reduction management and practice,promoting the construction of a green manufacturing system,and strengthening the supply of low-carbon clean energy.The main path and direction of the follow-up of the sustainable development are clearly defined.These practices provide a useful reference for promoting the transformation of China’s economic development mode to being more green and low-carbon,constructing an ecological civilization and development that is sustainable.

Diamond Model Based Analysis on Cooperation between of Poverty Alleviation and Emission Reduction in Agricultural Counties: A Case Study of Huoshan County in Anhui Province

2020 is the year of decisive stage for building a well-off society in an all-round way.On the winter vacation of 2020,we went to Huoshan County,Anhui Province,an old revolutionary area,and conducted a social survey for nearly a month.Through interviews,on-site observations,and access to materials,we clearly found that the local party committee and government actively responded to the call of the state,practiced the"two mountains"theory,turned a poor and backward agricultural county into a national ecologically civilized and well-off county,and realized the coordinated progress of poverty alleviation and energy conservation and emission reduction.Starting from the government policies and rural facts of Huoshan County,a national ecological county,and using Porter’s"Diamond Model",our team used Huoshan County’s environmental advantages and disadvantages,economic prosperity and decline as comparison conditions,and analyzed external factors such as factor conditions,opportunities,related and supporting industries,government forces,etc.,to come up with pertinent recommendations for the development of agricultural county-level characteristic industries.

ComplexTrans-Global Rail-Road Transportation System Economical and Clustered Individual and Individualised Public Transport also Prevents the Spread of Covid 19

Land transport can no longer meet the requirements.European transport can be described by these words−crowded motorways and cities,dangerous emissions,ubiquitous traffic accidents,delays,expensive railways.Solutions are being sought to transfer a large part of passengers and especially freight transport to(high-speed)rail,and efforts are moving towards electromobility,car-sharing,5G-connectivity,autonomous driving,MaaS(Mobility as a Service)-coordinated transport or hyperloop-type solutions.However,all these solutions have additional challenges and limitations.Solutions are not being searched where they really exist-in the mutual adaptation of road and rail vehicles and their deep cooperation.The ComplexTrans project shows that simply adapting the dimensions and functions of road and rail vehicles can eliminate(or at least significantly reduce)all the problems of existing land transport.The main features of the ComplexTrans system are sufficient parking spaces,reduction of urban and non-urban congestion,electric vehicles with unlimited range and cheaper than standard cars,cheaper and more accessible battery charging,“autonomous ride”,solving the overlap between passenger and freight rail transport and making it self-financing,transferring intercity freight transport to rail,replacing part of continental air transport and many others.The cost-effective and clustered individual transport and individualised public transport of the ComplexTrans system also bring very significant reductions in the risk of transmission of covid-19 and other contagious diseases during transport.

驾驶行为分类方法及量化评估综述

对驾驶行为分类方法及量化评估进行综述,首先阐述了驾驶行为的涵义及表征方法,然后将驾驶行为分类方法划分为基于统计特性的分类方法、基于机器学习的分类方法、混合式(组合、集成)分类方法三大类,并对不同的驾驶行为分类方法的代表算法、优点及局限性等进行系统归纳和总结,其次,从多个维度对驾驶行为的量化评估研究进行系统介绍,最后介绍了驾驶行为分类及量化评估研究成果在多个领域的应用现状及前景展望。

“双碳”目标引领下家庭碳账户体系的构建对策及建议

碳账户体系建设是践行国家“双碳”目标的重要路径。随着个人碳账户的不断完善,开展家庭碳账户的试点探索,有助于个人碳账户应用体系与碳市场的建立与完善。从家庭碳账户体系构建的背景及意义出发,通过文献调研与实证调查等方法,分析个人碳账户存在问题及对家庭碳账户体系构建的启示。研究结果表明,个人碳账户建设存在多平台重复建设及标准不统一问题、公平性与合理性问题、信息准确性与偏差问题、以及减排政策框架的有效融合欠缺问题。在“双碳”目标引领下,应设立家庭碳户主并建立家庭碳共济总账户,整合碳账户平台并完善家庭碳账户数据信息,创新家庭碳普惠模式,以构建并完善家庭碳账户体系,促进全民参与绿色低碳生态文明行动。

大庆喇嘛甸油田低碳示范区建设探索与实践

“双碳”背景下,大庆油田全力构建清洁高效的能源体系,打造千万千瓦级新能源基地。喇嘛甸油田结合特高含水开发及整装油田典型特点,依托资源优势,探索建设喇北北块低碳示范区。以全面能源调查为基础,明确将灰电与天然气作为替代目标,确定了“节能降碳、清洁替碳”两步走建设思路。结合油田用热特点,整体部署油田余热、地热、光热及电热多能互补方案,全面实施工艺流程再造、立体化节能、清洁热能替代、清洁电能替代。根据油田中部地区管网密度大、周边可利用土地多的特点,以最大发电量、最小弃电量为目标,整体优化风光发电建设布局和规模,以实现区域多能互补、供用能平衡及高替代率。低碳示范区将新能源技术与现有生产工艺深化融合,开展了先导性的储能、制氢、微电网、能源管控技术研究。低碳示范区预期2025年全面建成,清洁能源替代率将达到46.4%,将有力推动油田能源变革、绿色低碳转型。

原油集输系统能耗影响因素的综合判定模型

随着油田生产能源需求的不断增长,原油集输系统在能源供应链中所起的作用日渐显著,其能耗所占比重在整体油田生产中也日益增加,而系统能耗又受到多种因素的制约,如何科学合理地分析集输系统能耗影响因素成为油田面临的重要课题。同时,部分因素之间还会存在交叉影响而造成信息重叠,这给准确把握系统能耗主要影响因素带来较大难度。结合集输系统能耗构成特点和生产实际运行状况,综合考虑产液量、含水率、油品黏度等影响集输系统能耗的客观因素,采用改进熵权法、主成分分析法以及多元逐步回归分析法对各项因素的影响程度进行定量描述,根据权重大小进行排序,并将3种方法结合进行综合判定,确定含水率和产液量为影响油田集输系统能耗的主要影响因素,最后针对主要因素变量对系统的相关制约原因进一步深入探究,并提出系统具体降耗措施,以期为原油集输系统节能提效提供理论参考。

能源电力系统绿色转型:政策演进逻辑与实践进路

电力行业是能源消耗和碳排放的重点行业,政策则是推进能源电力行业绿色转型的主要抓手。以政策目标和措施为依据,分析我国能源电力系统节能减排政策的演进规律,揭示其理论逻辑和实践进路。研究结果表明:我国能源电力系统节能减排政策沿循“节约能源—环境保护—促进可再生能源发展”的演进脉络,经历“以行政指令为主的探索阶段—以法律法规为主的强化阶段—以行政指令和市场化方式相结合的多元化发展阶段”的演进过程,逐步形成促进节能减污降碳和能源结构优化相协同的循环发展格局。我国能源电力系统转型过程中始终体现以党的意志为意志、以人民为中心、统筹发展和安全的基本特征,节能减排技术创新成效显著。未来,推动能源电力系统绿色安全转型应从培育新质生产力、健全财税金融政策、促进多目标协同增效、增强绿色低碳意识四个方面进行深入的实践探索。

寒冷地区工业用太阳能-生物质能供暖系统研究

为实现工业建筑领域的节能减排,以唐山市某工业厂房为例,针对其建筑特点和采暖需求,提出了一种寒冷地区工业用太阳能-生物质能供暖系统,利用TRNSYS软件模拟了系统在供暖季的供热量及能耗表现等。结果表明,在满足本工程供暖需求的前提下,太阳能-生物质能供暖系统中太阳能集热器的集热效率最高可达58.68%,在供暖季代表月运行时,与生物质锅炉系统单独运行的平均能耗相比可降低26.6%;与燃煤锅炉供暖系统运行成本相比降低约56.23%,每年可节约常规化石能源37155.96 kg,设备寿命期满后可减少CO_(2)排放692130.27 kg。由此可见,该系统具有经济适用、降低能耗、减少碳排放等优势,将其应用于工业厂房建筑供暖中具有可行性。

双碳背景下场段设计与综合应用——以南宁地铁5号线那洪车辆基地为例

地铁场段作为城市大宗用地、大宗能源消耗的大户,其在落实碳达峰、碳中和政策方面具有十分重要的作用。为探究场段响应并实施双碳政策的技术路径,进一步厘清双碳战略下场段可实施的具体技术措施及效果,以南宁地铁5号线那洪车辆基地为例,以区域规划诉求、环境融合、智慧智能发展为导向,采取统筹规划、提前策划等手段,全过程采用双碳设计解决措施实现场段低碳节能。通过分析场段,可采取绿色生态体系建立、节能减排设计、智能化设计3个方面实现场段低碳节能。运营实践后表明,实施系列化双碳解决措施后,场段在节水、节电、节省人工方面效果显著,减少折合碳排放约23%,为后续城市轨道交通低碳节能提供有效参考。

黑菊芋加工工艺设备优化与验证

为解决传统黑菊芋加工设备工序繁杂、加工周期长、加工成本高的问题,设计结构合理、可监测温湿度及气压的小型试验箱。采用控制变量法,改变试验箱开孔密度,对菊芋进行分组加工试验,结合感官评价和营养成分分析确定最佳生产条件。再以此条件对传统小型黑菊芋加工设备进行改进,对传统加工程序进行优化。改造后的黑菊芋加工设备工序减少50%,加工时间减少45%,各项生产费用节省了83%。改造后的的黑菊芋加工设备生产效率明显提升,生产成本大幅下降;同时降低了塑料制品的使用,节能减排、低碳环保。