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Insulin-induced severe thyrotoxic periodic paralysis:A case report
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作者 Yan-Li Wang Jian Li 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2025年第7期46-51,共6页
BACKGROUND Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis(TPP)is an endocrine emergency caused by thyrotoxicosis,manifesting mainly as periodic myasthenia and hypokalemia,and posing a serious threat to the patient's health.Fatigue... BACKGROUND Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis(TPP)is an endocrine emergency caused by thyrotoxicosis,manifesting mainly as periodic myasthenia and hypokalemia,and posing a serious threat to the patient's health.Fatigue,strenuous exercise,alcohol abuse,high carbohydrate intake and insulin injections are common triggers of paralysis.This article reports a case of severe TPP induced by insulin injection,elucidates the characteristics and pathogenesis of the disease,analyses the risk factors for triggering TPP,and hopefully provides more clinical data for TPP patients.CASE SUMMARY A 38-year-old Asian man presented to the emergency department with a oneweek history of limb weakness and worsening half-day.His medical history included poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and he had been switched to Aspart50 a week earlier.He was alert and oriented with upper extremity strength grade 3 and lower extremity strength grade 1.Emergency department tests showed hypokalemia of 1.6 mmol/L.The paramedics administered 1.5 g of potassium intravenously,followed by 4.0 g orally.Weakness in the arms and legs improved.He was referred to endocrinology where he was diagnosed with Graves'disease,with suboptimal control and insulin injections possibly causing TPP.We stopped his insulin and he was discharged with a potassium level of 4.0 mmol/L.CONCLUSION Insulin is a trigger for TPP and should be avoided in patients with hyperthyroidism.Early recognition and treatment of TPP is crucial,especially in patients presenting with hypokalemic periodic paralysis. 展开更多
关键词 Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis Potassium metabolism disorders INSULIN Triggers of paralysis Case report
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Role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1/2 in secondary injury after cerebral hemorrhage
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作者 Fan Yi Hao Wu Hai-Kang Zhao 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2025年第9期1-12,共12页
Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)is a common severe emergency in neurosurgery,causing tremendous economic pressure on families and society and devastating effects on patients both physically and psychologically,especially... Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)is a common severe emergency in neurosurgery,causing tremendous economic pressure on families and society and devastating effects on patients both physically and psychologically,especially among patients with poor functional outcomes.ICH is often accompanied by decreased consciousness and limb dysfunction.This seriously affects patients’ability to live independently.Although rapid advances in neurosurgery have greatly improved patient survival,there remains insufficient evidence that surgical treatment significantly improves long-term outcomes.With in-depth pathophysiological studies after ICH,increasing evidence has shown that secondary injury after ICH is related to long-term prognosis and that the key to secondary injury is various immune-mediated neuroinflammatory reactions after ICH.In basic and clinical studies of various systemic inflammatory diseases,triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1/2(TREM-1/2),and the TREM receptor family is closely related to the inflammatory response.Various inflammatory diseases can be upregulated and downregulated through receptor intervention.How the TREM receptor functions after ICH,the types of results from intervention,and whether the outcomes can improve secondary brain injury and the long-term prognosis of patients are unknown.An analysis of relevant research results from basic and clinical trials revealed that the inhibition of TREM-1 and the activation of TREM-2 can alleviate the neuroinflammatory immune response,significantly improve the long-term prognosis of neurological function in patients with cerebral hemorrhage,and thus improve the ability of patients to live independently. 展开更多
关键词 Cerebral hemorrhage Secondary injury Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1/2 NEUROSURGERY Inflammatory response
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Digital signal acquisition system for complex nuclear reaction experiments 被引量:3
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作者 Wei-Liang Pu Yan-Lin Ye +1 位作者 Jian-Ling Lou Jia-Hao Chen 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期124-133,共10页
A digital data-acquisition system based on XIA LLC products was used in a complex nuclear reaction experiment using radioactive ion beams.A flexible trigger system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA)paramet... A digital data-acquisition system based on XIA LLC products was used in a complex nuclear reaction experiment using radioactive ion beams.A flexible trigger system based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA)parametrization was developed to adapt to different experimental sizes.A user-friendly interface was implemented,which allows converting script language expressions into FPGA internal control parameters.The proposed digital system can be combined with a conventional analog data acquisition system to provide more flexibility.The performance of the combined system was veri-fied using experimental data. 展开更多
关键词 Digital signal acquisition system TRIGGER Programmable logic TIMESTAMP
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Spatiotemporal deformation characteristics of Outang landslide and identification of triggering factors using data mining 被引量:2
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作者 Beibei Yang Zhongqiang Liu +1 位作者 Suzanne Lacasse Xin Liang 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第10期4088-4104,共17页
Since the impoundment of Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)in 2003,numerous slopes have experienced noticeable movement or destabilization owing to reservoir level changes and seasonal rainfall.One case is the Outang landsli... Since the impoundment of Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)in 2003,numerous slopes have experienced noticeable movement or destabilization owing to reservoir level changes and seasonal rainfall.One case is the Outang landslide,a large-scale and active landslide,on the south bank of the Yangtze River.The latest monitoring data and site investigations available are analyzed to establish spatial and temporal landslide deformation characteristics.Data mining technology,including the two-step clustering and Apriori algorithm,is then used to identify the dominant triggers of landslide movement.In the data mining process,the two-step clustering method clusters the candidate triggers and displacement rate into several groups,and the Apriori algorithm generates correlation criteria for the cause-and-effect.The analysis considers multiple locations of the landslide and incorporates two types of time scales:longterm deformation on a monthly basis and short-term deformation on a daily basis.This analysis shows that the deformations of the Outang landslide are driven by both rainfall and reservoir water while its deformation varies spatiotemporally mainly due to the difference in local responses to hydrological factors.The data mining results reveal different dominant triggering factors depending on the monitoring frequency:the monthly and bi-monthly cumulative rainfall control the monthly deformation,and the 10-d cumulative rainfall and the 5-d cumulative drop of water level in the reservoir dominate the daily deformation of the landslide.It is concluded that the spatiotemporal deformation pattern and data mining rules associated with precipitation and reservoir water level have the potential to be broadly implemented for improving landslide prevention and control in the dam reservoirs and other landslideprone areas. 展开更多
关键词 LANDSLIDE Deformation characteristics Triggering factor Data mining Three gorges reservoir
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Cascading multi-segment rupture process of the 2023 Turkish earthquake doublet on a complex fault system revealed by teleseismic P wave back projection method 被引量:1
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作者 Bonan Cao Zengxi Ge 《Earthquake Science》 2024年第2期158-173,共16页
In this study,the vertical components of broadband teleseismic P wave data recorded by China Earthquake Network are used to image the rupture processes of the February 6th,2023 Turkish earthquake doublet via back proj... In this study,the vertical components of broadband teleseismic P wave data recorded by China Earthquake Network are used to image the rupture processes of the February 6th,2023 Turkish earthquake doublet via back projection analysis.Data in two frequency bands(0.5-2 Hz and 1-3 Hz)are used in the imaging processes.The results show that the rupture of the first event extends about 200 km to the northeast and about 150 km to the southwest,lasting~90 s in total.The southwestern rupture is triggered by the northeastern rupture,demonstrating a sequential bidirectional unilateral rupture pattern.The rupture of the second event extends approximately 80 km in both northeast and west directions,lasting~35 s in total and demonstrates a typical bilateral rupture feature.The cascading ruptures on both sides also reflect the occurrence of selective rupture behaviors on bifurcated faults.In addition,we observe super-shear ruptures on certain fault sections with relatively straight fault structures and sparse aftershocks. 展开更多
关键词 2023 Turkish earthquake doublet back projection method cascading segmented rupture process coseismic triggering super-shear ruptures
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Dynamically triggered seismicity on a tectonic scale:A review 被引量:1
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作者 Chengzhi Qi Mingyang Wang +2 位作者 Gevorg Kocharyan Artem Kunitskikh Zefan Wang 《Deep Underground Science and Engineering》 2024年第1期1-24,共24页
Earthquakes triggered by dynamic disturbances have been confirmed by numerous observations and experiments.In the past several decades,earthquake triggering has attracted increasing attention of scholars in relation t... Earthquakes triggered by dynamic disturbances have been confirmed by numerous observations and experiments.In the past several decades,earthquake triggering has attracted increasing attention of scholars in relation to exploring the mechanism of earthquake triggering,earthquake prediction,and the desire to use the mechanism of earthquake triggering to reduce,prevent,or trigger earthquakes.Natural earthquakes and large‐scale explosions are the most common sources of dynamic disturbances that trigger earthquakes.In the past several decades,some models have been developed,including static,dynamic,quasi‐static,and other models.Some reviews have been published,but explosiontriggered seismicity was not included.In recent years,some new results on earthquake triggering have emerged.Therefore,this paper presents a new review to reflect the new results and include the content of explosion‐triggered earthquakes for the reference of scholars in this area.Instead of a complete review of the relevant literature,this paper primarily focuses on the main aspects of dynamic earthquake triggering on a tectonic scale and makes some suggestions on issues that need to be resolved in this area in the future. 展开更多
关键词 dynamic disturbances dynamic models problems for future research quasi‐static models static models triggered seismicity
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Local Torrential Rainfall Event within a Mei-Yu Season Mesoscale Convective System:Importance of Back-Building Processes
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作者 Honglei ZHANG Ming XUE +2 位作者 Hangfeng SHEN Xiaofan LI Guoqing ZHAI 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期847-863,共17页
An extreme rainfall event occurred over Hangzhou,China,during the afternoon hours on 24 June 2013.This event occurred under suitable synoptic conditions and the maximum 4-h cumulative rainfall amount was over 150 mm.T... An extreme rainfall event occurred over Hangzhou,China,during the afternoon hours on 24 June 2013.This event occurred under suitable synoptic conditions and the maximum 4-h cumulative rainfall amount was over 150 mm.This rainfall event had two major rainbands.One was caused by a quasi-stationary convective line,and the other by a backbuilding convective line related to the interaction of the outflow boundary from the first rainband and an existing low-level mesoscale convergence line associated with a mei-yu frontal system.The rainfall event lasted 4 h,while the back-building process occurred in 2 h when the extreme rainfall center formed.So far,few studies have examined the back-building processes in the mei-yu season that are caused by the interaction of a mesoscale convergence line and a convective cold pool.The two rainbands are successfully reproduced by the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model with fourlevel,two-way interactive nesting.In the model,new cells repeatedly occur at the west side of older cells,and the backbuilding process occurs in an environment with large CAPE,a low LFC,and plenty of water vapor.Outflows from older cells enhance the low-level convergence that forces new cells.High precipitation efficiency of the back-building training cells leads to accumulated precipitation of over 150 mm.Sensitivity experiments without evaporation of rainwater show that the convective cold pool plays an important role in the organization of the back-building process in the current extreme precipitation case. 展开更多
关键词 torrential rainfall back-building processes numerical simulation trigger mechanism convergence line convective cold pool
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Stress triggering effect on the 2022 Honghe M_(S)5.0 earthquake with historical strong earthquakes
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作者 Mingce Wang Zifeng Liu Ruijie Luo 《Geodesy and Geodynamics》 EI CSCD 2024年第2期107-113,共7页
The 2022 Honghe M_(S)5.0 seismic event is intriguing due to its occurrence in the south of the Red River Fault,an area historically lacking seismic activities greater than M_(S)5.0.To elucidate the seismogenic mechani... The 2022 Honghe M_(S)5.0 seismic event is intriguing due to its occurrence in the south of the Red River Fault,an area historically lacking seismic activities greater than M_(S)5.0.To elucidate the seismogenic mechanism and scrutinize stress-triggered interactions,we calculated co-seismic and post-seismic Coulomb stress alterations induced by nine historical seismic events(M≥6.0).The analysis reveals that these substantial seismic events provoked co-seismic stress augmentations of 1.409 bar and postseismic stress increments of 0.159 bar.Noteworthy seismic events,such as the 1833 Songming,1877Shiping,1913 Eshan,and 1970 Tonghai earthquakes,catalyzed the occurrence of the Honghe earthquake.Areas of heightened future seismic risk include the southern region of the Red River Fault and the eastern segments of the Shiping-Jianshui and Qujiang faults.Additionally,we assessed the correlation between the spatial distribution of aftershocks and the Coulomb stress shift triggered by the mainshock,taking into account the influence of calculation parameter settings. 展开更多
关键词 Honghe Ms5.0 earthquake Coulomb failurestress Stress triggering Historical strongearthquakes
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Byzantine Robust Federated Learning Scheme Based on Backdoor Triggers
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作者 Zheng Yang Ke Gu Yiming Zuo 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2024年第5期2813-2831,共19页
Federated learning is widely used to solve the problem of data decentralization and can provide privacy protectionfor data owners. However, since multiple participants are required in federated learning, this allows a... Federated learning is widely used to solve the problem of data decentralization and can provide privacy protectionfor data owners. However, since multiple participants are required in federated learning, this allows attackers tocompromise. Byzantine attacks pose great threats to federated learning. Byzantine attackers upload maliciouslycreated local models to the server to affect the prediction performance and training speed of the global model. Todefend against Byzantine attacks, we propose a Byzantine robust federated learning scheme based on backdoortriggers. In our scheme, backdoor triggers are embedded into benign data samples, and then malicious localmodels can be identified by the server according to its validation dataset. Furthermore, we calculate the adjustmentfactors of local models according to the parameters of their final layers, which are used to defend against datapoisoning-based Byzantine attacks. To further enhance the robustness of our scheme, each localmodel is weightedand aggregated according to the number of times it is identified as malicious. Relevant experimental data showthat our scheme is effective against Byzantine attacks in both independent identically distributed (IID) and nonindependentidentically distributed (non-IID) scenarios. 展开更多
关键词 Federated learning Byzantine attacks backdoor triggers
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Trigger转座子衍生蛋白1对肝癌细胞生长的影响
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作者 高平 叶子坚 +1 位作者 钱晓宇 钟秀颖 《华南理工大学学报(自然科学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期1-7,共7页
细胞周期失调是肿瘤重要的标志之一,生物信息学分析结果表明,Trigger转座子衍生蛋白1(TIGD1)在临床肝癌组织中高表达且与细胞周期相关,但相关机制未知。为了探究TIGD1调控肝癌细胞生长的具体机制,首先,利用shRNA质粒构建靶向敲低TIGD1... 细胞周期失调是肿瘤重要的标志之一,生物信息学分析结果表明,Trigger转座子衍生蛋白1(TIGD1)在临床肝癌组织中高表达且与细胞周期相关,但相关机制未知。为了探究TIGD1调控肝癌细胞生长的具体机制,首先,利用shRNA质粒构建靶向敲低TIGD1的肝癌细胞系Hep3B,并分析TIGD1敲低对肝癌细胞生长的影响,结果表明细胞生长受阻;接着,通过细胞流式技术分析TIGD1敲低对肝癌细胞周期进程的影响,结果显示,TIGD1敲低的Hep3B细胞系的细胞周期进程主要阻滞于G2/M期;然后,通过免疫沉淀(IP)实验验证TIGD1可能发生相互结合的蛋白分子,结果表明,TIGD1可能与Aurora激酶相互作用蛋白1(AURKAIP1)存在相互结合,进一步的Co-IP实验证实了TIGD1和AURKAIP1之间的相互作用。已知AURKAIP1可调控Aurora激酶A(AURKA)的蛋白酶体降解途径,AURKA是一种有丝分裂调控蛋白,与细胞周期进程密切相关。文中进一步探究TIGD1对AURKA蛋白水平的影响,实验结果表明,在TIGD1敲低的情况下,AURKA在Hep3B细胞系中的蛋白水平明显下调,mRNA水平没有明显变化。综上所述,TIGD1可能通过调控AURKA在肝癌细胞中的转录后水平来影响细胞周期进程,从而影响肝癌的发生发展。 展开更多
关键词 Trigger转座子衍生蛋白1 肝癌 细胞生长 细胞周期
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Coseismic Coulomb stress changes induced by a 2020-2021 M_(W)>7.0 Alaska earthquake sequence in and around the Shumagin gap and its influence on the Alaska-Aleutian subduction interface
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作者 Lei Yang Jianjun Wang Caijun Xu 《Geodesy and Geodynamics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期1-12,共12页
Three M_(W)>7.0 earthquakes in 2020-2021 occurred in the Shumagin seismic gap and its adjacent area of the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone,including the Mw7.8 Simeonof thrust earthquake on July 22,2020,the M_(W)7.6... Three M_(W)>7.0 earthquakes in 2020-2021 occurred in the Shumagin seismic gap and its adjacent area of the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone,including the Mw7.8 Simeonof thrust earthquake on July 22,2020,the M_(W)7.6 Sand Point strike-slip earthquake on October 19,2020,and the M_(W)8.2 Chignik thrust earthquake on July 29,2021.The spatial and temporal proximity of these three earthquakes prompts us to probe stress-triggering effects among them.Here we examine the coseismic Coulomb stress change imparted by the three earthquakes and their influence on the subduction interface.Our results show that:(1)The Simeonof earthquake has strong loading effects on the subsequent Sand Point and Chignik earthquakes,with the Coulomb stress changes of 3.95 bars and 2.89 bars,respectively.The Coulomb stress change caused by the Sand Point earthquake at the hypocenter of the Chignik earthquake is merely around 0.01 bars,suggesting the negligible triggering effect on the latter earthquake;(2)The triggering effects of the Simeonof,Sand Point,and Chignik earthquakes on aftershocks within three months are not well pronounced because of the triggering rates of 38%,14%,and 43%respectively.Other factors may have played an important role in promoting the occurrence of these aftershocks,such as the roughness of the subduction interface,the complicated velocity structure of the lithosphere,and the heterogeneous prestress therein;(3)The three earthquakes caused remarkable coseismic Coulomb stress changes at the subduction interface nearby these mainshocks,with an average Coulomb stress change of 3.2 bars in the shallow region directly inwards the trench. 展开更多
关键词 The 2020-2021 Alaska earthquake SEQUENCE Coseismic Coulomb stress change Mainshock-aftershock triggering The Alaska-Aleutian subduction interface The Shumagin gap
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Characteristics and triggering mechanisms of early negative Indian Ocean Dipole
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作者 Yue Fang Shuangwen Sun +2 位作者 Yongcan Zu Jianhu Wang Lin Feng 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期59-65,共7页
Negative Indian Ocean Dipole(nIOD)can exert great impacts on global climate and can also strongly influence the climate in China.Early nIOD is a major type of nIOD,which can induce more pronounced climate anomalies in... Negative Indian Ocean Dipole(nIOD)can exert great impacts on global climate and can also strongly influence the climate in China.Early nIOD is a major type of nIOD,which can induce more pronounced climate anomalies in summer than La Niña-related nIOD.However,the characteristics and triggering mechanisms of early nIOD are unclear.Our results based on reanalysis datasets indicate that the early nIOD and La Niña-related nIOD are the two major types of nIOD,and the former accounts for over one third of all the nIOD events in the past six decades.These two types of nIODs are similar in their intensities,but are different in their spatial patterns and seasonal cycles.The early nIOD,which develops in spring and peaks in summer,is one season earlier than the La Niña-related nIOD.The spatial pattern of the wind anomaly associated with early nIOD exhibits a winter monsoon-like pattern,with strong westerly anomalies in the equatorial Indian Ocean and eastly anomalies in the northern Indian Ocean.Opposite to the triggering mechanism of early positve IOD,the early nIOD is induced by delayed Indian summer monsoon onset.The results of this study are helpful for improving the prediction skill of IOD and its climate impacts. 展开更多
关键词 Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) triggering mechanism Indian summer monsoon seasonal cycle negative IOD
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A study of pulsed high voltage driven hollow-cathode electron beam sources through synchronous optical trigger
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作者 霍卫杰 贺伟国 +2 位作者 韩罗峰 朱康武 王锋 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期82-90,共9页
In this study,a pulsed,high voltage driven hollow-cathode electron beam sources through an optical trigger is designed with characteristics of simple structure,low cost,and easy triggering.To validate the new design,t... In this study,a pulsed,high voltage driven hollow-cathode electron beam sources through an optical trigger is designed with characteristics of simple structure,low cost,and easy triggering.To validate the new design,the characteristics of hollow-cathode discharge and electron beam characterization under pulsed high voltage drive are studied experimentally and discussed by discharge characteristics and analyses of waveform details,respectively.The validation experiments indicate that the pulsed high voltage supply significantly improves the frequency and stability of the discharge,which provides a new solution for the realization of a high-frequency,high-energy electron beam source.The peak current amplitude in the high-energy electron beam increases from 6.2 A to 79.6 A,which indicates the pulsed power mode significantly improves the electron beam performance.Besides,increasing the capacitance significantly affects the highcurrent,lower-energy electron beam more than the high-energy electron beam. 展开更多
关键词 hollow-cathode nanosecond pulsed electron beam sources optical trigger pulsed high voltage supply beam current distribution
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sTREM-1 as promising prognostic biomarker for acute-on-chronic liver failure and mortality in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis
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作者 Song-Man Yu Hai Li +13 位作者 Guo-Hong Deng Xian-Bo Wang Xin Zheng Jin-Jun Chen Zhong-Ji Meng Yu-Bao Zheng Yan-Hang Gao Zhi-Ping Qian Feng Liu Xiao-Bo Lu Yu Shi Jia Shang Ruo-Chan Chen Yan Huang 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第9期1177-1188,共12页
BACKGROUND Acute decompensation(AD)of cirrhosis is associated with high short-term mortality,mainly due to the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).Thus,there is a need for biomarkers for early and accu... BACKGROUND Acute decompensation(AD)of cirrhosis is associated with high short-term mortality,mainly due to the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).Thus,there is a need for biomarkers for early and accurate identification of AD patients with high risk of development of ACLF and mortality.Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1(sTREM-1)is released from activated innate immune cells and correlated with various inflammatory processes.AIM To explore the prognostic value of sTREM-1 in patients with AD of cirrhosis.METHODS A multicenter prospective cohort of 442 patients with cirrhosis hospitalized for AD was divided into a study cohort(n=309)and validation cohort(n=133).Demographic and clinical data were collected,and serum sTREM-1 was measured at admission.All enrolled patients were followed-up for at least 1 year.RESULTS In patients with AD and cirrhosis,serum sTREM-1 was an independent prognosis predictor for 1-year survival and correlated with liver,coagulation,cerebral and kidney failure.A new prognostic model of AD(P-AD)incorporating sTREM-1,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),total bilirubin(TBil),international normalized ratio(INR)and hepatic encephalopathy grades was established and performed better than the model for end-stage liver disease(MELD),MELD-sodium(MELD-Na),chronic liver failure-consortium(CLIF-C)ACLF and CLIF-C AD scores.Additionally,sTREM-1 was increased in ACLF and predicted the development of ACLF during first 28-d follow-up.The ACLF risk score incorporating serum sTREM-1,BUN,INR,TBil and aspartate aminotransferase levels was established and significantly superior to MELD,MELD-Na,CLIF-C ACLF,CLIF-C AD and P-AD in predicting risk of ACLF development.CONCLUSION Serum sTREM-1 is a promising prognostic biomarker for ACLF development and mortality in patients with AD of cirrhosis. 展开更多
关键词 Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 Acute decompensation CIRRHOSIS Acute-on-chronic liver failure Prognostic biomarker
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Mechanisms to explain soil liquefaction triggering,development,and persistence during an earthquake
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作者 Fernando Teixeira 《Earthquake Science》 2024年第6期558-573,共16页
Mechanisms have been proposed to explain the triggering,development,and persistence of soil liquefaction.The mechanism explaining the horizontal failure plane(triggering)and its depth below the phreatic surface is gov... Mechanisms have been proposed to explain the triggering,development,and persistence of soil liquefaction.The mechanism explaining the horizontal failure plane(triggering)and its depth below the phreatic surface is governed by the flux properties and effective stress at that plane.At the failure plane,the pore water pressure was higher than the effective stress,and the volume change was the highest.The pore water pressure is a function of the soil profile features(particularly the phreatic zone width)and bedrock motion(horizontal acceleration).The volume change at the failure plane is a function of the intrinsic permeability of the soil and bedrock displacement.The failure plane was predicted to occur during the oscillation with the highest amplitude,disregarding further bedrock motion,which was consistent with low seismic energy densities.Two mechanisms were proposed to explain the persistence of soil liquefaction.The first is the existence of low-permeability layers in the depth range in which the failure planes are predicted to occur.The other allows for the persistence and development of soil liquefaction;it is consistent with homogeneous soils and requires water inflow from bedrock water springs.The latter explains many of the features of soil liquefaction observed during earthquakes,namely,surficial effects,“instant”liquefaction,and the occurrence of short-and long-term changes in the level of the phreatic surfaces.This model(hypothesis),the relationship between the flux characteristics and loss of soil shear strength,provides self-consistent constraints on the depth below the phreatic surfaces where the failure planes are observed(expected to occur).It requires further experimental and observational evidence.Similar reasoning can be used to explain other saturated soil phenomena. 展开更多
关键词 soil liquefaction triggering soil liquefaction persistence intrinsic soil permeability impervious soil layers bedrock water springs
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The 2024 M_(j) 7.6 Noto Peninsula, Japan earthquake caused by the fluid flow in the crust
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作者 Yuzo Ishikawa Ling Bai 《Earthquake Research Advances》 CSCD 2024年第3期1-6,共6页
On January 1, 2024 at 16:10:09 JST, an M_(j) 7.6 earthquake struck the Noto Peninsula in the southern part of the Sea of Japan. This location has been experiencing an earthquake swarm for more than three years. Here, ... On January 1, 2024 at 16:10:09 JST, an M_(j) 7.6 earthquake struck the Noto Peninsula in the southern part of the Sea of Japan. This location has been experiencing an earthquake swarm for more than three years. Here, we provide an overview of this earthquake, focusing on the slip distribution of the mainshock and its relationship with the preceding swarm. We also reexamined the source areas of other large earthquakes that occurred around the Sea of Japan in the past and compared them with the Matsushiro earthquake swarm in central Japan from1964 to 1968. The difference between the Matsushiro earthquake swarm and the Noto earthquake swarm is the surrounding stress field. The Matsushiro earthquake swarm was a strike-slip stress field, so the cracks in the crust were oriented vertically. This allowed fluids seeped from the depths to rise and flow out to the surface. On the other hand, the Noto area was a reverse fault stress field. Therefore, the cracks in the earth's crust were oriented horizontally. Fluids flowing underground in deep areas could not rise and spread over a wide area in the horizontal plane. This may have caused a large amount of fluid to accumulate underground, triggering a large earthquake. Although our proposed mechanism does not take into account other complex geological conditions into consideration, it may provide a simple way to explain why the Noto swarm is followed by a large earthquake while other swarms are not. 展开更多
关键词 The M 7.6 Noto Peninsular earthquake Earthquake swarm Fluid triggering Strike-slip fault Reverse fault
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When the Stars Align: Hypertriglyceridemic Pancreatitis Is Inevitable
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作者 Kamel El-Reshaid Abass Hakim Reji Philip Athyal 《International Journal of Clinical Medicine》 CAS 2024年第7期233-239,共7页
Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory process affecting the pancreas. Hypertriglyceridemic AP (HTAP) is its third leading cause after gallstones followed by alcohol use. It develops when stars align v... Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory process affecting the pancreas. Hypertriglyceridemic AP (HTAP) is its third leading cause after gallstones followed by alcohol use. It develops when stars align viz. triggers (acquired surges) in patients with genetic hypertriglyceridemia. Case: severe and acute pancreatitis had developed in a 57-year-old man with type IIb familial hyperlipidemia after heavy fatty meals. The acute phase was controlled by holding oral intake with weekly Evolocumab therapy and long-term prevention by weight reduction and Fenofibrate alone. His pancreatic endocrine and exocrine functions remained normal after 2 years of follow-up. Conclusion: Those four measures were safe, practical and effective for short- and long-term management of HTAP. 展开更多
关键词 FENOFIBRATE Genetic Hypertriglyceridemia HYPERLIPIDEMIA PANCREATITIS TRIGGERS Weight Reduction
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ICPS multi-target constrained comprehensive security control based on DoS attacks energy grading detection and compensation
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作者 HAN Yinlong HAN Xiaowu 《Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation》 CAS CSCD 2024年第4期518-531,共14页
Aiming at the industry cyber-physical system(ICPS)where Denial-of-Service(DoS)attacks and actuator failure coexist,the integrated security control problem of ICPS under multi-objective constraints was studied.First,fr... Aiming at the industry cyber-physical system(ICPS)where Denial-of-Service(DoS)attacks and actuator failure coexist,the integrated security control problem of ICPS under multi-objective constraints was studied.First,from the perspective of the defender,according to the differential impact of the system under DoS attacks of different energies,the DoS attacks energy grading detection standard was formulated,and the ICPS comprehensive security control framework was constructed.Secondly,a security transmission strategy based on event triggering was designed.Under the DoS attack energy classification detection mechanism,for large-energy attacks,the method based on time series analysis was considered to predict and compensate for lost data.Therefore,on the basis of passive and elastic response to small energy attacks,the active defense capability against DoS attacks was increased.Then by introducing the conecomplement linearization algorithm,the calculation methods of the state and fault estimation observer and the integrated safety controller were deduced,the goal of DoS attack active and passive hybrid intrusion tolerance and actuator failure active fault tolerance were realized.Finally,a simulation example of a four-capacity water tank system was given to verify the validity of the obtained conclusions. 展开更多
关键词 industry cyber-physical system(ICPS) Denial-of-Service(DoS)attacks energy grading detection security event triggering mechanism time series analysis methods cone complementary linearization
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基于COCA语料库的动词Trigger的扩展意义单位研究
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作者 陈景杭 胡婷 《现代语言学》 2024年第11期375-382,共8页
语言学习不仅涉及词法和句法,还需深入探索语境及其整体意义。本研究以COCA语料库为基础,通过分析动词“trigger”的词类联接、语义倾向及语境下的语义韵,研究其扩展意义单位。研究发现动词“trigger”具有广泛的搭配和用法,涉及多个领... 语言学习不仅涉及词法和句法,还需深入探索语境及其整体意义。本研究以COCA语料库为基础,通过分析动词“trigger”的词类联接、语义倾向及语境下的语义韵,研究其扩展意义单位。研究发现动词“trigger”具有广泛的搭配和用法,涉及多个领域,如自然灾害、健康、经济活动等。其类联接形式多样,并展现出多样的语义倾向,包括引发金钱事件、冲突、灾难、疾病等。此外,“trigger”的语义韵包括积极、中立和消极三种,它既可以用来表示积极地引发增长或变化,中立地表达引发某种活动或装置,也可以表示消极地表达引发某种活动或结果等。通过对“trigger”扩展意义的探究可帮助英语学习者深入明白并在正确的语境下使用“trigger”一词。Language learning involves not only morphology and syntax but also delves deeply into exploring context and its holistic meaning. Drawing upon the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), this study investigates the extended meaning unit of the verb “trigger” by analyzing its colligational patterns, semantic preferences, and semantic prosody within various contexts. The research reveals that the verb “trigger” boasts a wide range of collocations and usages, spanning multiple domains such as natural disasters, health, and economic activities. Its colligational patterns are diverse, manifesting a myriad of semantic inclinations, including eliciting monetary events, conflicts, disasters, diseases, and more. Furthermore, the semantic prosody of “trigger” encompasses three distinct categories: positive, neutral, and negative. It can be employed to signify the positive triggering of growth or change, neutrally express the activation of an activity or device, and negatively convey the initiation of an action or outcome. Exploring the extended meaning of “trigger” can help English-language learners understand and use the word “trigger” in the right context. 展开更多
关键词 扩展意义单位 语料库 TRIGGER 语义韵
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Suggested Work Modifications for Patients with Environmental and Occupational Risk Factors in Hidradenitis Suppurativa
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作者 Kelly Frasier Mary Grace Hash +3 位作者 Alyssa Forsyth Christina Randolph Guang Orestes Raquel Batista 《Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine》 2024年第4期305-317,共13页
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by painful nodules, abscesses, and scarring, primarily affecting areas rich in apocrine glands. Environmental and occupational risk... Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by painful nodules, abscesses, and scarring, primarily affecting areas rich in apocrine glands. Environmental and occupational risk factors, including prolonged exposure to heat, friction, and certain chemicals, have been identified as exacerbating conditions for HS. Yet, there remains a lack of tailored recommendations for modifying work environments to alleviate these triggers. This review presents novel suggestions for work modifications to reduce HS flare-ups, such as implementing breathable, friction-reducing workwear, ergonomic adjustments to minimize pressure on affected areas, and introducing low-irritant hygiene protocols in workplaces with chemical exposure. These recommendations are grounded in emerging evidence linking specific occupational exposures to the exacerbation of HS symptoms. The novelty of this approach lies in its proactive stance, shifting from reactive management of HS symptoms to preventative environmental modifications. Future studies should explore the long-term efficacy of these modifications and investigate the potential for personalized work environment adjustments based on individual patient profiles. Targeted workplace interventions may significantly improve the quality of life for HS patients, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary collaboration between dermatologists, occupational health specialists, and employers. 展开更多
关键词 Hidradenitis Suppurativa Occupational Risk Factors Work Environment Modifications Heat and Friction Exposure Ergonomic Adjustments Chemical Irritants Preventative Strategies Workwear for HS Environmental Triggers Dermatology and Occupational Health Collaboration
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