超高压协同TG酶改性蛋清蛋白热诱导凝胶机理

为提高蛋清蛋白凝胶性,本研究以蛋清蛋白(Egg white protein,EWP)为研究对象,通过分析质构、持水率、分子作用力、傅里叶红外色谱、圆二色谱、粒径、电位、巯基含量、表面疏水力及扫描电镜的变化,探究超高压处理(Ultra-high pressure,UHP)、谷氨酰胺转胺酶处理(Transglutaminase,TG)及超高压协同TG酶处理(Ultra-high pressure synergistic Transglutaminase,UTG)的蛋清蛋白热诱导凝胶机理及结构的变化。结果表明:UHP-EWP、TG-EWP、UTG-EWP的硬度、弹性和持水性均有所提高,疏水相互作用力是维持凝胶的主要作用力;UHP-EWP、TG-EWP、UTG-EWP的α-螺旋含量均不同程度下降、β-折叠含量均上升;UHP-EWP的平均粒径值下降、电位绝对值下降,TG-EWP、UTG-EWP的变化与之相反;UHP-EWP、TG-EWP、UTG-EWP的游离巯基含量上升、总巯基含量下降、表面疏水性升高;凝胶结构更加致密光滑,平整度提高。本研究为蛋清蛋白热诱导凝胶改性提供了理论基础及研究思路。

肝细胞癌超声特征与病情严重程度及抑癌基因PTEN和Tg737表达的关系探究

目的探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)超声特征与病情严重程度及抑癌基因PTEN和Tg737表达的关系。方法选取2022年1月至2023年1月于我院确诊为HCC的患者102例作为HCC组,本院体检健康的70例志愿者作为健康组。对比两组超声造影参数[达峰时间(TIP)、峰值强度(PI)水平],采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)检测肝细胞癌患者组织中PTEN、Tg737基因的表达,探讨HCC患者超声特征与病情严重程度、超声特征与抑癌基因PTEN、Tg737的关系。结果HCC组患者TTP小于健康组(P<0.05),PI水平大于健康组(P<0.05)。102例HCC患者中早期组42例,晚期组60例。早期组患者TTP大于晚期组(P<0.05),PI水平小于晚期组(P<0.05)。对比两组超声征象,结果显示:肿瘤最大直径、肿瘤边缘、肿瘤内部液化情况、肿瘤门脉内癌栓情况、肿瘤血供及淋巴结转移均与HCC患者病情严重程度密切相关(P<0.05),肿瘤的不同回声类型与HCC患者病情严重程度无明显关联(P>0.05)。早期组患者PTEN、Tg737均高于晚期组(P<0.05)。肿瘤最大直径≤3 cm、肿瘤边缘清晰、肿瘤内部液化坏死、肿瘤血供丰富HCC患者抑癌基因PTEN、Tg737表达水平均较高(P<0.05),肿瘤门脉内有癌栓、淋巴结转移患者抑癌基因PTEN、Tg737表达水平均低于肿瘤门脉内无癌栓、淋巴结未转移患者(P<0.05),不同肿瘤回声类型HCC患者抑癌基因PTEN、Tg737表达水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论超声特征与HCC患者病情严重程度、抑癌基因PTEN、Tg737表达水平之间有一定的关系,检测超声造影参数对诊断和评估HCC患者病情有一定的临床价值。

基于美国医学物理学家协会TG119报告的TaiChi加速器质量控制体系建立研究

目的:依据美国医学物理学家协会(AAPM)TG119号报告测试方法和项目对TaiChi加速器在RayStation治疗计划系统(简称RayStation系统)中的建模数据模型进行测试评估。方法:在治疗计划系统中按AAPM TG119号报告要求设计模拟多靶区、前列腺靶区、头颈靶区、容易型C形靶区计划和困难型C形靶区计划等不同临床情况测试病例的调强放射治疗(IMRT)和容积旋转调强放射治疗(VMAT)计划,测量两种计划中点剂量和面积量偏差,并将测试结果与AAPM TG119报告中推荐的标准进行对比分析。使用IBA CC13电离室和ArcCHECK矩阵电离室分别对点剂量和面剂量进行验证,评估标准为3%/3mm的γ通过率。采用置信度评判测量剂量与计算剂量的一致性。结果:测试病例计划剂量目标、点剂量偏差及面剂量分布准确性均满足报告要求:测试病例IMRT和VMAT计划的靶区高剂量点平均剂量偏差分别为(0.39±1.02)%和(1.27±0.64)%,置信度分别为2.39%和2.52%。IMRT和VMAT计划的危及器官(OAR)低剂量点平均剂量偏差分别为(0.53±1.73)%和(0.88±1.11)%,置信度分别为3.92%和3.06%。IMRT和VMAT计划3%/3mm标准下的平均γ通过率分别为(99.52±0.366)%和(99.86±0.136)%,置信度分别为1.196%和0.406%。结论:TaiChi加速器性能和Raystation系统6MV FFF模型拟合精度满足AAPM TG119号报告标准,依据此测试结果建立后续设备和患者质控的标准,并为后续加速器性能的改进提供了参考。

TGS透射测量中探测器最佳几何参数的模拟设计研究

层析伽马扫描技术(Tomographic Gamma Scanning,TGS)是目前先进的无损检测技术,能够通过透射测量等相关技术还原桶内各材料的衰减系数分布图像。在图像重建中探测器准直器的设计是保证重建图像质量的关键因素之一,本文采用蒙特卡罗工具包Geant4对TGS透射测量中前准直器(放射源准直器)和后准直器(探测器准直器)进行最佳几何参数模拟设计探究,分别寻找出两种准直器的最优几何参数,从而提高空间分辨率和准确度,可为TGS探测系统的设计提供一定的参考。结果表明,准直孔半径为0.66 cm,准直器深度为12 cm,作为放射源准直器的最佳参数;准直器半径为1.5 cm,屏蔽铅层为20 mm,准直器深度为5 cm,作为探测器的最佳几何参数。然而,本文模拟过程中也存在不足之处,比如粒子源抽样数较少,研究对象参数较少等,在后续工作中会进一步改进设计方案。

TG和Py-GC/MS研究不同烟草的热解特性

利用TG和Py-GC/MS对兰州、猴王和中华三种香烟的烟丝进行了热解特性分析,并用商业烟嘴过滤器和GC/MS对香烟中的烟焦油进行了收集与组成分析.结果表明,三种品牌的香烟烟丝在相同的气氛下热失重曲线的变化基本类似.热失重主要发生在第Ⅱ(120℃~360℃)和第Ⅲ(360℃~600℃)阶段,与N_(2)气氛相比,O_(2)气氛下烟丝的热解速率和总失重明显增加,尤其对第Ⅲ阶段的热解有明显促进作用.三种香烟的烟丝热解挥发分中组分含量不同,兰州、猴王和中华烟的烟丝热解挥发分中烟碱含量最高,分别达到8.35%、6.53%和6.24%;三种品牌香烟的烟焦油含量大小顺序为中华>兰州>猴王.三种香烟的烟焦油组成差异明显,兰州烟和中华烟的烟焦油中含量最高的是烟碱,而猴王烟的烟焦油中含量最高的是醇类化合物.

TG酶/k-卡拉胶协同改性明胶复合膜的工艺优化及表征

为了研制一种性能优良的天然保鲜膜,该研究以明胶为基质,通过k-卡拉胶与谷氨酰胺转氨酶(TG酶)对明胶进行协同改性,采用流延法制备一种新型明胶复合膜,通过单因素试验与正交试验研究k-卡拉胶添加量、TG酶添加量、TG酶反应时间和干燥温度对明胶复合膜物理性能的影响。得出最佳制备工艺为明胶添加量5%、k-卡拉胶添加量0.5%、TG酶添加量0.2%、反应时间60 min、干燥温度45℃。在最佳工艺条件下制备的明胶复合膜拉伸强度为14.33 MPa,断裂伸长率为44.24%,水溶性为26.72%,水蒸气透过系数为0.278 g·mm/(kPa·h·m^(2))。优化制备工艺后,利用X射线衍射、热重分析等手段对不同明胶复合膜的结构进行表征。表征结果表明,k-卡拉胶与TG酶分别通过静电相互作用与氨基酸异肽键对明胶进行协同改性。该研究为新型明胶复合膜的开发提供了理论依据。

基于TG-FTIR-MS技术的烟叶角质层热解行为研究

为探究烟叶角质层热解行为及其在热解过程中气相产物释放规律,采用酶法、化学方法分离烟叶角质层,通过扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶红外光谱仪对其进行表征分析,利用热重-傅里叶红外光谱-质谱(TG-FTIR-MS)联用技术检测角质层的热释放行为和热解产物。结果表明,采用酶法和化学方法均可分离烟叶角质层,烟叶角质层的热解可分为失水(50~135℃)、快速脱挥发分(135~595℃)和碳化(595~900℃)3个阶段,其热解产生的气体成分主要包括CH_(4)和CO_(2),气态产物多集中在300~600℃温度区间,其中以羧酸类化合物和甲苯居多。苯系物在250℃左右开始产生,在500~540℃温度区间内达到峰值,而尼古丁的生成量则相对较少。

妊娠早期TG/HDL-C与妊娠期糖尿病发生风险:大样本回顾性队列研究

目的 探究妊娠早期甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HDL-C)与妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM)发生风险的关系。方法 回顾性收集2020年7月—2022年6月北京协和医院规律产检并分娩的单胎妊娠孕妇临床资料,并根据妊娠24~28周75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验结果将孕妇分为GDM组和正常糖耐量组。采用多因素Logistic回归法评估妊娠早期(8~12^(+6)周)TG/HDL-C与GDM的相关性,并以甘油三酯-葡萄糖(triglyceride-glucose, TyG)指数为参照,评估妊娠早期TG/HDL-C预测GDM的临床价值。结果共入选符合纳入与排除标准的单胎妊娠孕妇1617名,其中GDM组372例(23.01%)、正常糖耐量组1245名(76.99%)。多因素Logistic回归分析校正年龄、民族、孕前体质量指数、GDM史等混杂因素后发现,妊娠早期TG/HDL-C最高四分位数孕妇GDM发生风险是最低四分位数孕妇的2.46倍(OR=2.46,95%CI:1.73~3.51),TyG指数最高四分位数孕妇GDM发生风险是最低四分位数孕妇的2.36倍(OR=2.36,95%CI:1.67~3.37)。妊娠早期TG/HDL-C预测GDM的效能(曲线下面积:0.607比0.608)、对GDM基础风险模型的改善程度(净重新分类指数:0.240比0.270;综合判别改善指数:0.022比0.024)均与TyG指数较为接近。结论 妊娠早期TG/HDL-C显著升高与GDM发生风险增加具有一定相关性,且其对GDM的预测价值与TyG指数相当。

血清sST2、TG水平联合GRACE危险评分对不稳定型心绞痛患者冠脉病变程度的预测价值

目的探讨血清可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)、甘油三酯(TG)、全球急性冠脉事件注册研究(GRACE)评分与不稳定型心绞痛(UA)患者冠脉病变程度的相关性,并分析其预测价值。方法回顾性选取我院2020年11月至2022年11月收治的168例UA患者为研究对象,患者入院后均行冠脉造影检查并采用Gensini评分评估冠脉病变严重程度。根据患者病例资料计算GRACE评分并收集相关临床资料,检测血清sST2表达水平。结果根据Gensini评分结果,168例UA患者中轻度病变组49例(29.17%),中度病变组60例(35.71%),高度病变组59例(35.12%)。3组患者间TG、HDL-C、ApoA1、sST2水平和GRACE评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经多因素Logistic回归分析表明,TG、sST2水平及GRACE评分是影响冠脉病变严重程度的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析显示,sST2、TG水平及GRACE评分与Gensini评分呈显著正相关(r=0.777、0.842、0.883,均P<0.001)。ROC曲线分析显示sST2、TG、GRACE评分预测UA患者冠脉高度病变的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.786、0.719、0.766,三项指标联合预测的AUC为0.897(95%CI 0.849~0.945)。结论sST2、TG水平及GRACE评分是UA患者冠脉病变程度的独立预测因子,sST2、TG、GRACE三项指标联合评估能够显著提高对UA患者冠脉高度病变的预测价值。

Anti-Obesity Effects of Dietary d-Allulose and Medium-Chain Triglycerides in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

d-Allulose, a rare sugar, exerts anti-obesity effects by inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis and promoting energy expenditure. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) consist of three medium-chain fatty acids connected by glycerol. MCTs have been extensively investigated for their ability to reduce body fat accumulation. We previously investigated the anti-obesity effects of a combination of dietary d-allulose and MCT (5% - 13%) in rats;however, we could not confirm the anti-obesity effects of MCT or observed synergetic effects between d-allulose and MCT on body fat loss. We speculated that our previous studies were influenced by the excessive amount of MCT in the diets. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-obesity effects of the simultaneous intake of d-allulose and MCT in rats fed an obesity-inducing high-fat diet with a low amount of MCTs (2%). Thirty-two male Wistar rats (3-week-old) were randomly divided into four groups: control, d-allulose, MCT, and d-allulose + MCT groups. Rats in each group were fed ad libitum on a control (no d-Allulose or MCT), 5% d-allulose, 2% MCT, or 5% d-allulose + 2% MCT diets for 16 weeks. Abdominal adipose tissue weights were significantly lower in the d-allulose diet group than in the control group, whereas no differences were observed between results of the MCT-supplemented groups. The total body fat mass was significantly lower in the d-allulose and MCT diet groups than in the control group, but no differences were observed between the MCT-supplemented groups. These results suggested that anti-obesity effects of dietary d-allulose were observed, and the effects of dietary MCTs were weaker than those of d-allulose. Moreover, we confirmed the interaction between dietary d-allulose and MCT on indicators of obesity. Interestingly, their effects were not synergistic, as MCT supplementation offset the anti-obesity effects of dietary d-allulose. However, the specific mechanisms underlying those effects remain unknown, warranting further investigation.

索拉非尼治疗碘难治性分化型甲状腺癌对患者血清Tg、TgAb水平的影响

目的 分析碘难治性分化型甲状腺癌(Iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma, RAIR-DTC)患者使用索拉非尼的效果。方法 选取2020年3月至2022年3月治疗的RAIR-DTC患者30例,按照不同治疗方案分组,A组(13例,常规治疗)和B组(17例,常规治疗+索拉非尼),比较2组治疗1个月、2个月、4个月和6个月效果。结果 治疗1月、2月、4月、6月B组甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)浓度、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平、甲状腺结节(TL)低于A组而甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb)浓度、内皮抑制素(ES)水平高于A组(P<0.05);不同时间点2组不良反应发生率、生存率比较,差异有统计学意义(P>0.05);B组治疗有效率、治疗6月SF-36评分高于A组(P<0.05)。结论 RAIR-DTC患者在治疗中使用索拉非尼,能有效地降低Tg浓度、VEGF水平,提高TgAb浓度、ES水平,且不会进一步增加不良反应风险,安全性和有效性均十分理想,同时能显著提升患者生活质量。

Progress of Triglyceride Glucose Index in Lesion Severity and Prognosis of Acute Coronary Syndromes

Background: In response to the escalating burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) worldwide, exacerbated by lifestyle changes and socioeconomic shifts, acute coronary syndromes (ACS) stand out as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The pivotal role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, independent of traditional risk factors, has garnered significant interest. Objective: This review aims to synthesize the recent advancements in the utilization of the triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) as a biomarker for assessing the severity and predicting the prognosis of ACS lesions. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases, incorporating keywords such as “triglyceride glucose index”, “TyG index”, “acute coronary syndrome”, “cardiovascular disease”, “insulin resistance”, “coronary artery calcification”, “SYNTAX score”, “Gensini score”, and “major adverse cardiac events”. Studies were included from the inception of each database up to July 2024. Selection criteria encompassed observational studies, case-control studies, and randomized controlled trials, with a particular emphasis on evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic value of the TyG index in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Ultimately, 46 publications met the inclusion criteria. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed in accordance with established guidelines. Results: Evidence suggests that the TyG index, reflecting insulin resistance, blood glucose, and lipid levels, is significantly associated with lesion severity in ACS, including coronary artery calcification, SYNTAX score, and Gensini score. Moreover, it demonstrates predictive power for major adverse cardiovascular events, underscoring its potential as a valuable tool in clinical decision-making. Conclusion: The review highlights the emerging role of the TyG index in the assessment and prognosis of ACS, advocating for its incorporation into clinical practice as a complement to existing diagnostic modalities. However, the establishment of standardized reference ranges and further validation across diverse populations are warranted to refine its applicability in personalized medicine. The interdisciplinary approach is essential to advance our understanding of the complex interplay between insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease, paving the way for the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction as an adjuvant treatment for mild/moderately severe hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis: A retrospective study

Hypertriglyceridemia is the third leading cause of acute pancreatitis(AP),and its incidence is increasing.Due to its relatively insidious etiology,it is easy to be ignored in the early stages.In China,Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction(CQCQD)has long been employed for treating AP.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of CQCQD in patients diagnosed with mild/moderately severe hypertriglyceridemic AP(HTG-AP).METHODS In this study,the clinical data of 39 patients with HTG-AP admitted from January 2019 to November 2022 were collected.The changes of blood lipids,gastrointestinal symptoms,and abdominal pain before and after treatment were analyzed and compared between the two groups.RESULTS Twenty patients were treated with the conventional HTG-AP regimen,and 19 patients were additionally treated with CQCQD.After receiving treatment,the triglycerides(TG)level of the CQCQD group was lower than that of the CQCQD group(3.14±0.25 mmol/L vs 4.96±0.47 mmol/L,P<0.01).After 3 d of treatment,the patients in the CQCQD group had more bowel movements than the control group(2.51±0.25 times vs 1.00±0.17 times,P=0.01).The gastrointestinal function of most patients returned to normal,and the acute gastrointestinal injury score was significantly lower than that of the control group(0.11±0.07 vs 0.42±0.11,P<0.01).CONCLUSION In patients with HTG-AP,CQCQD can significantly reduce the TG level,shorten the recovery time of defecation,significantly improve the gastrointestinal function.

TyG和TG/HDL-C对结直肠癌的预测价值研究

目的探讨结直肠癌与脂质代谢异常以及TyG、TG/HDL-C等因素的相关性分析,为结直肠癌的筛查及预防提供参考指标。方法收集2022年1—12月于包头医学院第二附属医院住院治疗的患者,从医疗记录中收集数据。共收集589例患者数据,其中包括病史、体格检查和实验室检查,分为癌症组及非癌症组,对研究对象的性别、年龄、BMI、肥胖、吸烟、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖、肌酐、尿酸、谷丙转氨酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、总蛋白、白蛋白、TyG、TG/HDL-C进行χ^(2)、秩和检验,采取单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析结直肠癌的危险因素。结果两组肥胖、吸烟、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组年龄、BMI、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、空腹血糖、TyG、TG/HDL-C比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对TyG、TG/HDL-C和TyG+TG/HDL-C是否能预测癌症进行ROC曲线分析,TyG、TG/HDL-C和TyG+TG/HDL-C均能预测癌症。结论肥胖及TyG、TG/HDL-C与结直肠癌存在相关性,对结直肠癌具有一定的预测性。

On the Impairment of Stress-Induced Changes in Triglyceride Levels via a Sub-Toxic Dose of Unmethylated Cytidine Phosphate Guanosine Oligodinucleotide (a Toll-Like Receptor 9 Ligand)

Changes in lipid metabolism have been implicated in protection against infectious diseases. In the first experiment of this study, we measured clinical lipid parameters in a murine model where the unmethylated cytidine phosphate guanosine (CpG) oligodinucleotide (ODN1826), a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist was administered in combination with D-galactosamine (GalN) that caused relatively liver-specific inflammation and toxicity. In the control mice group injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (acute psychological stress model associated with blood sampling), the serum triglyceride (TG) levels showed a rapid decrease followed by a rebound at 24 h as we have recently reported. However, such a TG rebound was impaired in the CpG/GalN- and solely CpG-treated groups of mice despite an absence of liver injury based on serum alanine aminotransferase levels in the latter group. Thus, the stress-associated serum TG rebound was abrogated by the injection of a sub-hepatotoxic CpG dose. In the second experiment, we simply measured the hepatic CD36 and SACRB1 (the gene for scavenger receptor B1 (SR-B1)) transcripts after the i.p. administration of PBS, CpG or CpG/GalN. There was a remarkable elevation of hepatic CD36 transcript expression in both the CpG- and CpG/GalN-treated mice at 8 h post-CpG injection whereas the increase in the PBS-treated mice was slower than the former two groups, suggesting that hepatic CD36 transcript expression is more pronounced in the combined stress models than under psychological stress alone. The individual mice data showed that the increase in CD36 expression was accompanied by a reduction in SCARB1 mRNA, showing reciprocal regulation between these two genes. Together with our previously reported findings, these data suggest that, in a murine model combining psychological stress with TLR-triggered hepatic inflammation, the psychological stress facilitates liver uptake of plasma TG (and its components fatty acids), but the subsequent re-esterification and/or release of TG-rich lipoproteins from the liver is impaired due to the concomitant TLR-signaling. We hypothesize that lipid metabolism during acute stress shifts toward an elevated hepatic uptake of lipids due to concomitant TLR signaling, facilitating the clearance of bacterial lipids by the liver.

α1-MGU、TG/Cys-C及肾动脉血流动力学参数早期诊断糖尿病肾病的价值

目的 探究尿α1-微球蛋白(α1-MGU)、甘油三酯/胱抑素C(TG/Cys-C)比值及肾动脉血流动力学参数早期诊断糖尿病肾病的价值。方法 回顾性纳入2021年4月至2022年3月在阜阳市第二人民医院接受治疗的糖尿病肾病患者51例作为研究组,同时抽取本院接受治疗的单纯糖尿病患者51例作为对照组。分析两组患者的α1-MGU、TG/Cys-C及肾动脉血流动力学参数[肾动脉起始段内径、收缩期峰值流速(Vmax)、阻力指数]情况,收集患者的一般资料(性别、吸烟史、饮酒史、年龄、糖尿病病程、舒张压、收缩压、体重指数、糖化血红蛋白、糖尿病视网膜病变、血尿、尿活动性沉渣)情况分析影响糖尿病肾病发生的因素,并采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线探究各指标早期诊断糖尿病肾病的价值。结果 研究组α1-MGU水平为(36.12±5.15) mg/L,高于对照组[(10.89±2.02)mg/L],TG/Cys-C比值为1.23±0.31,低于对照组(2.44±0.45),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组肾动脉起始段内径、Vmax分别为(0.40±0.03)cm、(0.52±0.07)m/s,均低于对照组[(0.46±0.04)0.75±0.03、(0.75±0.03)m/s],阻力指数为0.78±0.06,高于对照组(0.62±0.03),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经单因素及多因素分析,TG/Cys-C比值、起始段内径、Vmax为患者发生糖尿病肾病的保护因素(P<0.05),α1-MGU、阻力指数、糖尿病视网膜病变、尿活动性沉渣改变、糖尿病病程为患者发生糖尿病肾病的危险因素(P<0.05)。α1-MGU、TG/Cys-C比值、起始段内径、Vmax、阻力指数早期诊断糖尿病肾病的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.879、0.886、0.816、0.945、0.945,均具有较高的诊断价值(P<0.05)。结论 α1-MGU、TG/Cys-C比值及肾动脉血流动力学参数可以作为早期诊断糖尿病肾病的有效工具,有助于及早发现和管理糖尿病患者的肾脏健康问题。

基于TG酶介导的莲藕鸭肉复合乳化肠配方及工艺优化研究

以莲藕全粉和鸭肉为原料,开发营养均衡的复合乳化肠。以感官评分为主要响应指标,结合持水性、色泽和质构等品质特性,在单因素试验的基础上利用Box-Behnken响应面试验优化莲藕鸭肉复合乳化肠的配方和工艺条件。结果表明,在0.4%TG酶介导下,莲藕全粉添加量、食盐添加量及其交互作用对莲藕鸭肉复合乳化肠的感官评分有显著影响(P<0.05),获得优化后最佳配方及工艺条件为莲藕全粉添加量5.5%、食盐添加量1.6%、大豆分离蛋白添加量3.1%、斩拌时间106 s,此配方工艺条件下制备的乳化肠色泽鲜红、切面光滑紧密、鸭肉气味浓郁、口感良好,感官评分为84.8分,与模型理论值接近。该研究可为莲藕全粉及鸭肉的精加工和开发提供参考依据。

Assessment of the triglyceride glucose index in adult patients with chronic diarrhea and constipation

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiome is involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance(IR).However,the link between two of the most prevalent bowel disorders,chronic diarrhea and constipation,and the triglyceride glucose(TyG)index,a marker of IR,has not yet been investigated.AIM To investigate the potential association between TyG and the incidence of chronic diarrhea and constipation.METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 2400 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database from 2009-2010.TyG was used as an exposure variable,with chronic diarrhea and constipation as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale used as the outcome variables.A demographic investigation based on TyG quartile subgroups was performed.The application of multivariate logistic regression models and weighted generalized additive models revealed potential correlations between TyG,chronic diarrhea,and constipation.Subgroup analyses were performed to examine the stability of any potential associations.RESULTS In the chosen sample,chronic diarrhea had a prevalence of 8.00%,while chronic constipation had a prevalence of 8.04%.In multiple logistic regression,a more prominent positive association was found between TyG and chronic diarrhea,particularly in model 1(OR=1.45;95%CI:1.17-1.79,P=0.0007)and model 2(OR=1.40;95%CI:1.12-1.76,P=0.0033).No definite association was observed between the TyG levels and chronic constipation.The weighted generalized additive model findings suggested a more substantial positive association with chronic diarrhea when TyG was less than 9.63(OR=1.89;95%CI:1.05-3.41,P=0.0344),and another positive association with chronic constipation when it was greater than 8.2(OR=1.74;95%CI:1.02-2.95,P=0.0415).The results of the subgroup analyses further strengthen the extrapolation of these results to a wide range of populations.CONCLUSION Higher TyG levels were positively associated with abnormal bowel health.

基于主成分分析TG酶对低盐鱼肠品质的影响

为研究氯化钾替代一定量的食盐和TG酶对低盐巴沙鱼肠品质的影响,试验在鱼肉100 g、盐5 g的基础上,用氯化钾替代50%、40%、30%、20%、0%的食盐添加量(质量分数),在每个替代量下又分别添加了0%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%的TG酶,探究对低盐巴沙鱼肠品质的影响。结果表明,在试验条件范围内,一定的氯化钾替代食盐量和TG酶对鱼肠的得率、色差和质构等指标有显著影响。当氯化钾替代食盐量为0%~50%、各组TG酶添加量为0%~0.8%时,其水分含量呈现先降低后升高的趋势。当氯化钾代替食盐量为30%、40%、50%时,添加0.4%~0.8%的TG酶也能显著提高低盐鱼肠的硬度、弹性、咀嚼性等指标(P<0.05)。当氯化钾替代量为30%、TG酶添加量为0.4%时,鱼肠的硬度比空白组提高2.14倍,咀嚼性提高3.54倍,胶黏性提高2.16倍,同时优于其他替代组。根据低盐鱼肠相关检测指标的主成分分析结果,得出添加TG酶对低盐鱼肠品质的综合评价模型,为鱼糜制品和水产行业提供了参考数据。

甘油三酯与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(TG/HDL-C)对原发性肝癌发病的影响

目的探究甘油三酯与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(TG/HDL-C)对原发性肝癌发病的影响。方法采用前瞻性队列研究的方式,收集2006年7月—2007年12月参加开滦集团健康体检的99750例在职及离退休职工的体检资料,并对其原发性肝癌的发病情况进行随访,随访截止时间为2021年12月31日。根据TG/HDL-C三分位水平将受试者分成3组,分别为Q1组(TC/HDL-C<0.66,n=33229)、Q2组(0.66≤TC/HDL-C<1.14,n=33302)、Q3组(TC/HDL-C≥1.14,n=33219)。计算各组原发性肝癌的发病密度。符合正态分布的计量资料多组间比较采用单因素方差分析;符合偏态分布的计量资料多组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验。计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验。采用Kaplan⁃Meier法计算各组原发性肝癌的累积发病率,以Logrank检验比较各组间累积发病率的差异。采用Cox比例风险模型分析不同TG/HDL-C水平分组对原发性肝癌发病的影响。结果3组受试者年龄、男性比例、腰围、BMI、空腹血糖、收缩压、舒张压、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、ALT、超敏C-反应蛋白、慢性肝病、高血压病、糖尿病、恶性肿瘤家族史、饮酒、吸烟、体育锻炼、受教育程度组间对比差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。在平均(14.06±2.71)年的随访过程中,新发肝癌共计484例,其中男446例,女38例。Q1组、Q2组、Q3组原发性肝癌的发病密度分别是0.39/千人年、0.35/千人年、0.30/千人年。3组受试者的原发性肝癌累积发病率分别是6.03‰、5.28‰和4.49‰,经Log-rank检验,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.06,P=0.048)。校正了考虑到的混杂因素后,Cox比例风险模型结果显示,以Q3组为对照,Q1、Q2组的风险比及95%可信区间分别为2.04(1.61~2.58)、1.53(1.21~1.92)(P for trend<0.05)。结论TG/HDL-C水平降低与原发性肝癌发病风险升高有关,特别是在慢性肝病的人群中这种关联更加明显。