Osteoprotegerin,interleukin and hepatocyte growth factor for prediction of diabetes and hypertension in the third trimester of pregnancy

BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)raises the risk of high blood pressure and may cause a series of life-threatening complications in pregnant women.Screening and management of GDM and gestational hypertension(GH)in pregnancy helps to control and reduce these risks and prevent adverse effects on mothers and their fetuses.Currently,the majority criteria used for screening of diabetes mellitus is oral glucose tolerance tests,and blood pressure test is usually used for the screening and diagnosis of hypertension.However,these criteria might not anticipate or detect all GDM or GH cases.Therefore,new specific predictive and diagnostic tools should be evaluated for this population.This study selected three biomarkers of osteoprotegerin(OPG),interleukin(IL)and hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)for GDM and GH predication and diagnosis.AIM To explore the feasibility of changes in placental and serum OPG,IL and HGF as tools for prediction and diagnosis of diabetes and hypertension in pregnant women.METHODS From January 2018 to January 2019,44 pregnant women with GDM and GH were selected as an observation group,and 44 healthy pregnant women were selected as a control group in the same period.Serum OPG,IL and HGF were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The levels of OPG and HGF in the observation group were lower than in the control group,and the level of IL-1βwas higher in the observation group than in the control group(all P<0.05).Furthermore,OPG and HGF were negatively associated with gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension,while IL-1βwas positively associated with GDM complicated with GH(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The evaluation of serum OPG,HGF and IL-1βlevels in patients with coexistent gestational diabetes complicated with hypertension can predict the degree of disease and play an important role in the follow-up treatment and prognosis prediction.

Influence of Vitamin D Level in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy on the Complications of Chinese Pregnant Women and Fetuses

Background:Vitamin D has been found to have more biological effects beyond the traditional research range,which involve in immunoregulation,occurrence,and development of tumor,reproduction,cell differentiation,and so forth.Herein,the influence of Vitamin D level in the second trimester of pregnancy on the Chinese pregnant women and fetal weight was investigated.Methods:Totally 1,612 pregnant women were followed up during the study,the 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25(OH)D)level was measured with ELISA at the 16th gestational week,and the fasting blood glucose was measured with hexokinase method using an automatic biochemistry analyzer at the same time.At week 24,oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed to test the blood glucose level(fasting blood glucose,1 h and 2 h after oral administration of glucose).Besides,other indices(e.g.,fetal birth weight)were recorded and analyzed by SPSS version 19.0 software.Results:Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that the serum 25(OH)D had a negative correlation with blood glucose at 1 h after oral glucose administration at week 24 in OGTT(correlation coefficient:−0.03,P=0.01).However,it did not have correlations with the fasting blood glucose at weeks 16 and 24 as well as the blood glucose at 2 h after oral glucose administration at week 24.The Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between Vitamin D level in the pregnant women and fetal birth weight,and there was no correlation between them.Conclusion:The Vitamin D level in the second trimester of pregnancy had a negative correlation with blood glucose glucose at 1 h after oral glucose administration and had no correlation with fetal birth weight.

Adhesive ileus in pregnant women

A female patient was of the pregnancy for less than 24 weeks and suffered from adhesive ileus. The conservative treatment with acupuncture was selected to keep the fetus alive. A single-used filiform needle,0.30 mm x 40 mm was used. Zúsānlǐ(足三里ST 36), Shàngjùxū(上巨虚 ST 37), Tàichōng(太冲 LR 3) and Zhigōu(支沟TE 6) were selected bilaterally. At each acupoint, the needle was inserted rapidly and manipulated with the twisting, lifting and thrusting techniques to induce mild stimulation. Additionally, the electric stimulation was added at ST 36 and ST 37, with the continuous wave, 60 times per minute in frequency. The needles were retained for 25 min in each treatment. During the hospital stay, the treatment was given once every day and the condition of the disorder was observed carefully. The patient was discharged from the hospital in her 30 weeks of pregnancy. Afterward, acupuncture treatment was given once every one or two days in clinic till the weeks 34 of pregnancy. After acupuncture treatment,the conditions of abdominal distention, enteric flatus and defecation were relieved sustainably through to the cesarean section in weeks 34 of pregnancy. Both the patient and her infant were healthy when discharged. It was proved that acupuncture therapy was applicable and effective in the pregnant patient with ileus.