A new quaternary ammonium salt monomer was synthesized and a quaternary amination of lignin（ noted as QL）, with the monomer was carried out by grafting copolymerization. The products were characterized by Fourier Tr...A new quaternary ammonium salt monomer was synthesized and a quaternary amination of lignin（ noted as QL）, with the monomer was carried out by grafting copolymerization. The products were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy（ FTIR）. The experimental results indicate that the yield of the monomer was 99.06%, and the conversion of the monomer and the grafting yield of QL were 93.69% and 185.78%, respectively. The feasibility of QL as the flocculant to be applied in color removal of five artificial dyes, erioehrome black T（dye A）, gongo red（dye B ）, direct fast black G （dye C ）, cuprofix blue green B （dye D ）, and acid black ATT （dye E ） was examined. Results show that OL exhihits the favorable flocculation nerformance and high stability.展开更多
为了探究木质素季铵盐包埋尿素的优化制备条件及其在缓释肥生产中的应用,以三甲基木质素季铵盐(L-QA)为原料,Span 80为分散剂,戊二醛为交联剂,采用反相悬浮法制备了戊二醛交联木质素季铵盐-尿素(GCL-QA-U)颗粒,通过FT-IR表征了其结构,...为了探究木质素季铵盐包埋尿素的优化制备条件及其在缓释肥生产中的应用,以三甲基木质素季铵盐(L-QA)为原料,Span 80为分散剂,戊二醛为交联剂,采用反相悬浮法制备了戊二醛交联木质素季铵盐-尿素(GCL-QA-U)颗粒,通过FT-IR表征了其结构,探讨了不同条件对尿素包埋率的影响,以得到最佳制备工艺条件及产品,再利用水溶试验法和土柱试验法测定其缓释性能。结果表明:FT-IR分析表明L-QA中含有季铵根结构,初步认定尿素被包埋在L-QA中;L-QA含氮量为1.98%,GCL-QA-U含氮量为2.88%。GCL-QA-U颗粒制备最佳工艺条件在10 m L L-QA溶液中,戊二醛用量4 m L、反应时间2 h、转速200 r/min和Span 80用量1.0 m L,其最大尿素包埋率为41.61%;水溶试验(肥水比例1∶20)和土柱淋溶试验证明GCL-QA-U颗粒24 h尿素累积释放率分别为5%和3.86%,28天尿素累积释放率分别为79.47%和74.80%,符合缓释肥料GB/T 23348—2009的标准。展开更多
为了探究木质素季铵盐包埋尿素的优化制备条件及其在缓释肥生产中的应用,以三甲基木质素季铵盐(L-QA)为原料、甲醛为交联剂、司盘80为分散剂,采用反相悬浮法制备甲醛交联木质素季铵盐-尿素(FCL-QA-U)颗粒,并通过傅里叶红外光谱表征其结...为了探究木质素季铵盐包埋尿素的优化制备条件及其在缓释肥生产中的应用,以三甲基木质素季铵盐(L-QA)为原料、甲醛为交联剂、司盘80为分散剂,采用反相悬浮法制备甲醛交联木质素季铵盐-尿素(FCL-QA-U)颗粒,并通过傅里叶红外光谱表征其结构,探讨交联剂用量、转速、反应时间和分散剂用量等因素对尿素包埋率的影响,以得到最佳制备工艺条件及产品,再利用水溶试验和土柱淋溶试验测定其缓释性能。结果表明:尿素被包埋在三甲基木质素季铵盐中;L-QA含氮量为1.98%,FCL-QA-U含氮量为3.27%。制备FCL-QA-U颗粒的最佳工艺条件为甲醛用量2 m L、转速300 r/min、反应时间2 h、司盘80用量1 m L,在此条件下制备的FCL-QA-U颗粒的尿素最大包埋率为64.77%。FCL-QA-U颗粒的缓释结果符合我国缓释肥料GB/T 23348—2009的要求,是一种既有理论价值又有应用价值的缓释化肥。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Technology Item of of China(No.2005DC105005-01).
文摘A new quaternary ammonium salt monomer was synthesized and a quaternary amination of lignin（ noted as QL）, with the monomer was carried out by grafting copolymerization. The products were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy（ FTIR）. The experimental results indicate that the yield of the monomer was 99.06%, and the conversion of the monomer and the grafting yield of QL were 93.69% and 185.78%, respectively. The feasibility of QL as the flocculant to be applied in color removal of five artificial dyes, erioehrome black T（dye A）, gongo red（dye B ）, direct fast black G （dye C ）, cuprofix blue green B （dye D ）, and acid black ATT （dye E ） was examined. Results show that OL exhihits the favorable flocculation nerformance and high stability.
文摘为了探究木质素季铵盐包埋尿素的优化制备条件及其在缓释肥生产中的应用,以三甲基木质素季铵盐(L-QA)为原料,Span 80为分散剂,戊二醛为交联剂,采用反相悬浮法制备了戊二醛交联木质素季铵盐-尿素(GCL-QA-U)颗粒,通过FT-IR表征了其结构,探讨了不同条件对尿素包埋率的影响,以得到最佳制备工艺条件及产品,再利用水溶试验法和土柱试验法测定其缓释性能。结果表明:FT-IR分析表明L-QA中含有季铵根结构,初步认定尿素被包埋在L-QA中;L-QA含氮量为1.98%,GCL-QA-U含氮量为2.88%。GCL-QA-U颗粒制备最佳工艺条件在10 m L L-QA溶液中,戊二醛用量4 m L、反应时间2 h、转速200 r/min和Span 80用量1.0 m L,其最大尿素包埋率为41.61%;水溶试验(肥水比例1∶20)和土柱淋溶试验证明GCL-QA-U颗粒24 h尿素累积释放率分别为5%和3.86%,28天尿素累积释放率分别为79.47%和74.80%,符合缓释肥料GB/T 23348—2009的标准。
文摘为了探究木质素季铵盐包埋尿素的优化制备条件及其在缓释肥生产中的应用,以三甲基木质素季铵盐(L-QA)为原料、甲醛为交联剂、司盘80为分散剂,采用反相悬浮法制备甲醛交联木质素季铵盐-尿素(FCL-QA-U)颗粒,并通过傅里叶红外光谱表征其结构,探讨交联剂用量、转速、反应时间和分散剂用量等因素对尿素包埋率的影响,以得到最佳制备工艺条件及产品,再利用水溶试验和土柱淋溶试验测定其缓释性能。结果表明:尿素被包埋在三甲基木质素季铵盐中;L-QA含氮量为1.98%,FCL-QA-U含氮量为3.27%。制备FCL-QA-U颗粒的最佳工艺条件为甲醛用量2 m L、转速300 r/min、反应时间2 h、司盘80用量1 m L,在此条件下制备的FCL-QA-U颗粒的尿素最大包埋率为64.77%。FCL-QA-U颗粒的缓释结果符合我国缓释肥料GB/T 23348—2009的要求,是一种既有理论价值又有应用价值的缓释化肥。
