Roots extracts of Adenophora triphylla var.japonica improve obesity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Objective:To investigate the anti-obesity activity and the action mechanism of the roots of Adenophora triphylla var.japonica extract(ATE) in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese mice and 3T3-LI adipocytes.Methods:The roots of Ademption triphylla were extracted with 70%ethanol.To demonstrate the compounds,linoleic acid was analyzed by using gas chromatography:and the anti-obesity effects and possible mechanisms of ATE were examined in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HFD-induced obese mice.Results:Treatment with ATE inhibited the lipid accumulation without cytotoxicity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.Furthermore,200 and 400 mg/kg ATE treatment significantly decreased the body weight gain,white adipose tissues(WATs) weight and plasma triglyceride level,while 100 and 200 mg/kg ATE treatment increased the plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in the HFD-induced obese mice,as compared with the HFD group.Treatment with 200 and 400 mg/kg ATE also lowered the size of adipocytes in adipose tissue and reduced the lipid accumulation in liver.ATE treatment showed significantly lower expression level of adipogenesis-relatcd proteins,such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y,fatty acid binding protein(aP2),fatty acid synthase in 3T3-L1 adipocytes;and furthermore,decreased peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor γ,aP2,fatty acid synthase,sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c,and lipoprotein lipase mRNA expression levels in WAT of the HFD-induced obese mice.Conclusions:These results suggested that the ATE has an anti-obesity effect,which may be elicited by regulating the expression of adipogenesis and lipogenesis-related genes and proteins in adipocytes and WAT of the HFD-induced obese mice.

Coastal Adaptation of <i>Adenophora triphylla var. japonica</i>(Campanulaceae)

The comparative morphology and anatomy of leaves between the coastal ecotype and the normal type of Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC. var. japonica (Regel) H.Hara (Campanulaceae) were examined to clarify the differences in morphological characters between the 2 groups. Morphological and anatomical analyses revealed that the coastal ecotype had a thicker leaf than the normal type, because of the increased size of epidermal and spongy cells. Thus, the main morphological change from the normal type into the coastal ecotype of A. triphylla var. japonica is the increase in leaf size, suggesting that the coastal ecotype may have evolved from the normal type via a heterochronic process.

Comparative Morphology and Anatomy of Non-Rheophytic and Rheophytic Types of <i>Adenophora triphylla</i>var. <i>Japonica</i>(Campanulaceae)

The morphology and anatomy of leaves of rheophytic and non-rheophytic types of Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) ADC var. japonica (Regel) H. Hara were compared in order to clarify how leaf characteristics differ. Our results revealed that the leaf of the rheophytic type of A. triphylla var. japonica was narrower than the leaf of the non-rheophytic type because of fewer cells that were also smaller. Moreover, surprisingly, the rheophytic ecotype of A. triphylla var. japonica was thinner than that of the non-rheophytic type, although the general tendency is that the rheophytic leaf is thicker than the closely related non-rheophytic species, suggesting that the rheophytic type of A. triphylla var. japonica adapts differently, as compared to other rheophytic plants, to solar radiation and evaporation.

柠檬马鞭草快速繁殖技术研究

选择柠檬马鞭草带腋芽的幼嫩茎段为外植体进行快速繁殖.结果表明,腋芽诱导的最适培养基是MS基本培养基附加6-BA 0.5～1.0 mg/L和IBA 0.1～0.3 mg/L,外植体腋芽能正常萌发生长,并迅速进入增殖状态,20 d转接1次,增殖倍数在3倍以上;最适生根培养基是1/2 MS基本培养基附加IBA 0.5 mg/L,诱导生根率达99%.将生根苗移入苗盆,30 d的成活率在85%以上.

北京市植物园的3种中国新记录蚜虫记述(半翅目,蚜科)

记述了采自北京市植物园的3种中国新记录蚜虫:杉松上的杉松长足大蚜Cinara longipennis(Matsumura,1917)、欧洲荚蒾和鸡树条上的荚蒾蚜Viburnaphis viburnicola(Sorin,1983)和多歧沙参上的轮叶沙参指管蚜Uroleucon triphyllae(Miyazaki,1966),描述了鉴别特征,并提供了生态照片。并记录了荚蒾蚜的4种天敌昆虫:捕食性的异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis(Pallas,1773)、黑带食蚜蝇Episyrphus balteata(De Geer,1776)、垂边食蚜蝇Epistrophe sp.和寄生性的麦蚜茧蜂Ephedrus plagiator(Nees,1811)。