Gorilla troops optimizer(GTO)is a newly developed meta-heuristic algorithm,which is inspired by the collective lifestyle and social intelligence of gorillas.Similar to othermetaheuristics,the convergence accuracy and ...Gorilla troops optimizer(GTO)is a newly developed meta-heuristic algorithm,which is inspired by the collective lifestyle and social intelligence of gorillas.Similar to othermetaheuristics,the convergence accuracy and stability of GTOwill deterioratewhen the optimization problems to be solved becomemore complex and flexible.To overcome these defects and achieve better performance,this paper proposes an improved gorilla troops optimizer(IGTO).First,Circle chaotic mapping is introduced to initialize the positions of gorillas,which facilitates the population diversity and establishes a good foundation for global search.Then,in order to avoid getting trapped in the local optimum,the lens opposition-based learning mechanism is adopted to expand the search ranges.Besides,a novel local search-based algorithm,namely adaptiveβ-hill climbing,is amalgamated with GTO to increase the final solution precision.Attributed to three improvements,the exploration and exploitation capabilities of the basic GTOare greatly enhanced.The performance of the proposed algorithm is comprehensively evaluated and analyzed on 19 classical benchmark functions.The numerical and statistical results demonstrate that IGTO can provide better solution quality,local optimumavoidance,and robustness compared with the basic GTOand five other wellknown algorithms.Moreover,the applicability of IGTOis further proved through resolving four engineering design problems and training multilayer perceptron.The experimental results suggest that IGTO exhibits remarkable competitive performance and promising prospects in real-world tasks.展开更多
In cloud computing(CC),resources are allocated and offered to the cli-ents transparently in an on-demand way.Failures can happen in CC environment and the cloud resources are adaptable tofluctuations in the performance...In cloud computing(CC),resources are allocated and offered to the cli-ents transparently in an on-demand way.Failures can happen in CC environment and the cloud resources are adaptable tofluctuations in the performance delivery.Task execution failure becomes common in the CC environment.Therefore,fault-tolerant scheduling techniques in CC environment are essential for handling performance differences,resourcefluxes,and failures.Recently,several intelli-gent scheduling approaches have been developed for scheduling tasks in CC with no consideration of fault tolerant characteristics.With this motivation,this study focuses on the design of Gorilla Troops Optimizer Based Fault Tolerant Aware Scheduling Scheme(GTO-FTASS)in CC environment.The proposed GTO-FTASS model aims to schedule the tasks and allocate resources by considering fault tolerance into account.The GTO-FTASS algorithm is based on the social intelligence nature of gorilla troops.Besides,the GTO-FTASS model derives afitness function involving two parameters such as expected time of completion(ETC)and failure probability of executing a task.In addition,the presented fault detector can trace the failed tasks or VMs and then schedule heal submodule in sequence with a remedial or retrieval scheduling model.The experimental vali-dation of the GTO-FTASS model has been performed and the results are inspected under several aspects.Extensive comparative analysis reported the better outcomes of the GTO-FTASS model over the recent approaches.展开更多
Flight safety is foundation of supporting flight training and combat of aviation troops. PLAAF is equipped with a large amount of Russian-made aircraft,so a comprehensive analysis and study of the flight safety of Rus...Flight safety is foundation of supporting flight training and combat of aviation troops. PLAAF is equipped with a large amount of Russian-made aircraft,so a comprehensive analysis and study of the flight safety of Russian aviation troops is of great significance to our flight safety. This paper analyzes the flight safety of Russian aviation troops and the main reasons and problems in recent years,the main measures and experiences of the flight safety of Russian military are summarized,and the work plan of Russian aviation troops in the future are introduced.展开更多
Masters of kung-fu,sources of ancient and infallible wisdom,religious leaders beyond reproach—the Buddhist monk and the grand tradition of monasteries is of incalculable value to the culture of China.But the modern w...Masters of kung-fu,sources of ancient and infallible wisdom,religious leaders beyond reproach—the Buddhist monk and the grand tradition of monasteries is of incalculable value to the culture of China.But the modern world brings with it something far more dangerous to these traditions than all the martial arts and religious purges in the world:money.For the faithful,the introduction of the free market is finishing off the work展开更多
The recent development of the Internet of Things(IoTs)resulted in the growth of IoT-based DDoS attacks.The detection of Botnet in IoT systems implements advanced cybersecurity measures to detect and reduce malevolent ...The recent development of the Internet of Things(IoTs)resulted in the growth of IoT-based DDoS attacks.The detection of Botnet in IoT systems implements advanced cybersecurity measures to detect and reduce malevolent botnets in interconnected devices.Anomaly detection models evaluate transmission patterns,network traffic,and device behaviour to detect deviations from usual activities.Machine learning(ML)techniques detect patterns signalling botnet activity,namely sudden traffic increase,unusual command and control patterns,or irregular device behaviour.In addition,intrusion detection systems(IDSs)and signature-based techniques are applied to recognize known malware signatures related to botnets.Various ML and deep learning(DL)techniques have been developed to detect botnet attacks in IoT systems.To overcome security issues in an IoT environment,this article designs a gorilla troops optimizer with DL-enabled botnet attack detection and classification(GTODL-BADC)technique.The GTODL-BADC technique follows feature selection(FS)with optimal DL-based classification for accomplishing security in an IoT environment.For data preprocessing,the min-max data normalization approach is primarily used.The GTODL-BADC technique uses the GTO algorithm to select features and elect optimal feature subsets.Moreover,the multi-head attention-based long short-term memory(MHA-LSTM)technique was applied for botnet detection.Finally,the tree seed algorithm(TSA)was used to select the optimum hyperparameter for the MHA-LSTM method.The experimental validation of the GTODL-BADC technique can be tested on a benchmark dataset.The simulation results highlighted that the GTODL-BADC technique demonstrates promising performance in the botnet detection process.展开更多
Schistosomiasis is an infection with one of a series of related trematode parasites that are endemic to at least 76 tropical and subtropical countries.Schistosomiasis affects over 200 million people in tropical and su...Schistosomiasis is an infection with one of a series of related trematode parasites that are endemic to at least 76 tropical and subtropical countries.Schistosomiasis affects over 200 million people in tropical and subtropical regions of South America,Africa and Asia.This paper reported more than 1500 soldiers of US troops and 560 men of Australian Air Force were affected schistosomiasis japonicum in the Leyte of the Philippines during the liberation of the Philippines from Octorber 1944 to the early months of 1945.Many troops there were affected by contaminated water with snail hosts.At first,the medical corps knew little about the situations of the schistosomiasis japonica in the Leyte,no preventive measure was adopted.On December 23,1944 CPT morris Goldberg discovered schistosomes first from the hospitalized soldiers while conducting a liver biopsy.Some soldiers with markedly signs and symptoms were admitted to hospital for treatment.Preventive measure was taken since.The US sent a lot of experts to Philippines for the research of schistosomiasis japonicum,including epidemiology, prevention,diagnosis,treatment and so on.Nineteen chemicals were used to control snail hosts. In clinical,schistosomiasis has acute and chronic stages,the manifestations are plenty and various,the liver, intestine,veins,spleen and skin etc are common sites of impingement.An extensive educational program was carried out in the troops through different means,which yielded remarkable effect,the new incidence of schistosomiasis dropped.Though hospitalized soldiers were a few,but there were scare and some morale and psychological problems among them and the other affected victims,they worried about their prognoses or being infected. Some patients were evacuated to United States for treatment after diagnosis,some patients were treated in Leyte.Before World WarⅡ,schistosomiasis was treated generally with trivalent antimony compounds,Fuadin and tartar emetic.In this event,no case died,relapses were rare.It was a successful campaign against schistosomiasis in the army.展开更多
Introduction: Due to its health, social and economic morbidity, dental caries leads to absenteeism and a drop in school performance among schoolchildren. The objective of this work is to study dental caries and its de...Introduction: Due to its health, social and economic morbidity, dental caries leads to absenteeism and a drop in school performance among schoolchildren. The objective of this work is to study dental caries and its determinants in pupils known as Children of Troop (CT) of the “Military School of Saint Louis” (MSS). Method: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Recruitment was exhaustive. The collection was made at the school and has covered the period of March 10 throughout June 13, 2014 in an individual interview, based upon a deliberate consent, using a questionnaire drawn up on the basis of the variables studied. The bivariate analysis was done with the Epi Info software version 3.5.3. Results: The mean age of CT was 14.9. The prevalence of caries was 61.2%. Determinants related to caries were: sugar intake between meals (OR = 6.44 [3.4 - 11.9]);insufficient tooth brushing (OR = 14.3 [8.8 - 23.29]);(OR = 3.84 [2.38 - 7.14]) and for regular dental visits (OR = 5.26 [3.44 - 8.33]), with the last dental visit dating back more than one year. Conclusion: In the face of challenges of school performance of CT, it is necessary to set up a control plan focusing mainly on the factors identified and associated with dental caries in military school.展开更多
When talking about Napoleon,people always focus on his military talent,his empire,his famous code or even his final defeat—Battle of Waterloo.Few people will remember his quest for Egypt and his mysterious‘troop’.T...When talking about Napoleon,people always focus on his military talent,his empire,his famous code or even his final defeat—Battle of Waterloo.Few people will remember his quest for Egypt and his mysterious‘troop’.This thesis will discuss the forgotten troop of Napoleon and its influence on the development of Egypt and the world.展开更多
Objective:Analyze the correlation between the bone mineral density value of army officers and soldiers and the fracture caused by military training,and construct the prediction model of the risk factors of the fractur...Objective:Analyze the correlation between the bone mineral density value of army officers and soldiers and the fracture caused by military training,and construct the prediction model of the risk factors of the fracture caused by military training.Methods:A total of 1019 officers and soldiers in a military training unit from January 2015 to November 2020 were selected and divided into groups according to whether they were fractured during military training.The basic data were collected in the form of a questionnaire,and the bone mineral density of the forearm and wrist of all subjects were measured by osteosys exa-3000 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Korea.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between bone mineral density and fractures caused by military training.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of fractures caused by military training,build a prediction model,and draw an ROC curve to verify its predictive value for fractures caused by military training.Results:There were statistically significant differences between patients with fractures caused by military training and those without fractures in previous fracture history,training period,self-evaluation of training intensity,the intensity of self-protection awareness,and bone mineral density(p<0.05);Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that past fracture history,training intensity,injury subjects,self-protection awareness,and bone mineral density were all independent factors influencing fractures caused by military training(P<0.05);Pearson correlation analysis showed that bone mineral density was negatively correlated with fractures caused by military training(r=0.686,P<0.01);a predictive model was constructed,model1 was previous fracture history+training intensity+injury subjects+self-protection awareness,model 2 is the previous fracture history+training intensity+injury subjects+self-protection awareness+bone mineral density value.The area under the ROC curve of model 1 and model 2 were 0.729(0.648-0.785)and 0.893(0.837-0.914),respectively,and the Youde index were 0.415 and 0.682,respectively.Conclusion:There is a negative correlation between bone mineral density and fractures caused by military training.The prediction value of the fracture prediction model caused by military training constructed by the bone mineral density value is higher.展开更多
Although troop fission is a rare event, it does occur in provisioned or wild troops. Such fission, from the ecological viewpeint, results from the population growth which exceeds the carrying capacity of its ranging a...Although troop fission is a rare event, it does occur in provisioned or wild troops. Such fission, from the ecological viewpeint, results from the population growth which exceeds the carrying capacity of its ranging area, and, from the sociological viewpoint, from the loose social relations among troop members.展开更多
基金This work is financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2572014BB06.
文摘Gorilla troops optimizer(GTO)is a newly developed meta-heuristic algorithm,which is inspired by the collective lifestyle and social intelligence of gorillas.Similar to othermetaheuristics,the convergence accuracy and stability of GTOwill deterioratewhen the optimization problems to be solved becomemore complex and flexible.To overcome these defects and achieve better performance,this paper proposes an improved gorilla troops optimizer(IGTO).First,Circle chaotic mapping is introduced to initialize the positions of gorillas,which facilitates the population diversity and establishes a good foundation for global search.Then,in order to avoid getting trapped in the local optimum,the lens opposition-based learning mechanism is adopted to expand the search ranges.Besides,a novel local search-based algorithm,namely adaptiveβ-hill climbing,is amalgamated with GTO to increase the final solution precision.Attributed to three improvements,the exploration and exploitation capabilities of the basic GTOare greatly enhanced.The performance of the proposed algorithm is comprehensively evaluated and analyzed on 19 classical benchmark functions.The numerical and statistical results demonstrate that IGTO can provide better solution quality,local optimumavoidance,and robustness compared with the basic GTOand five other wellknown algorithms.Moreover,the applicability of IGTOis further proved through resolving four engineering design problems and training multilayer perceptron.The experimental results suggest that IGTO exhibits remarkable competitive performance and promising prospects in real-world tasks.
文摘In cloud computing(CC),resources are allocated and offered to the cli-ents transparently in an on-demand way.Failures can happen in CC environment and the cloud resources are adaptable tofluctuations in the performance delivery.Task execution failure becomes common in the CC environment.Therefore,fault-tolerant scheduling techniques in CC environment are essential for handling performance differences,resourcefluxes,and failures.Recently,several intelli-gent scheduling approaches have been developed for scheduling tasks in CC with no consideration of fault tolerant characteristics.With this motivation,this study focuses on the design of Gorilla Troops Optimizer Based Fault Tolerant Aware Scheduling Scheme(GTO-FTASS)in CC environment.The proposed GTO-FTASS model aims to schedule the tasks and allocate resources by considering fault tolerance into account.The GTO-FTASS algorithm is based on the social intelligence nature of gorilla troops.Besides,the GTO-FTASS model derives afitness function involving two parameters such as expected time of completion(ETC)and failure probability of executing a task.In addition,the presented fault detector can trace the failed tasks or VMs and then schedule heal submodule in sequence with a remedial or retrieval scheduling model.The experimental vali-dation of the GTO-FTASS model has been performed and the results are inspected under several aspects.Extensive comparative analysis reported the better outcomes of the GTO-FTASS model over the recent approaches.
文摘Flight safety is foundation of supporting flight training and combat of aviation troops. PLAAF is equipped with a large amount of Russian-made aircraft,so a comprehensive analysis and study of the flight safety of Russian aviation troops is of great significance to our flight safety. This paper analyzes the flight safety of Russian aviation troops and the main reasons and problems in recent years,the main measures and experiences of the flight safety of Russian military are summarized,and the work plan of Russian aviation troops in the future are introduced.
文摘Masters of kung-fu,sources of ancient and infallible wisdom,religious leaders beyond reproach—the Buddhist monk and the grand tradition of monasteries is of incalculable value to the culture of China.But the modern world brings with it something far more dangerous to these traditions than all the martial arts and religious purges in the world:money.For the faithful,the introduction of the free market is finishing off the work
文摘The recent development of the Internet of Things(IoTs)resulted in the growth of IoT-based DDoS attacks.The detection of Botnet in IoT systems implements advanced cybersecurity measures to detect and reduce malevolent botnets in interconnected devices.Anomaly detection models evaluate transmission patterns,network traffic,and device behaviour to detect deviations from usual activities.Machine learning(ML)techniques detect patterns signalling botnet activity,namely sudden traffic increase,unusual command and control patterns,or irregular device behaviour.In addition,intrusion detection systems(IDSs)and signature-based techniques are applied to recognize known malware signatures related to botnets.Various ML and deep learning(DL)techniques have been developed to detect botnet attacks in IoT systems.To overcome security issues in an IoT environment,this article designs a gorilla troops optimizer with DL-enabled botnet attack detection and classification(GTODL-BADC)technique.The GTODL-BADC technique follows feature selection(FS)with optimal DL-based classification for accomplishing security in an IoT environment.For data preprocessing,the min-max data normalization approach is primarily used.The GTODL-BADC technique uses the GTO algorithm to select features and elect optimal feature subsets.Moreover,the multi-head attention-based long short-term memory(MHA-LSTM)technique was applied for botnet detection.Finally,the tree seed algorithm(TSA)was used to select the optimum hyperparameter for the MHA-LSTM method.The experimental validation of the GTODL-BADC technique can be tested on a benchmark dataset.The simulation results highlighted that the GTODL-BADC technique demonstrates promising performance in the botnet detection process.
文摘Schistosomiasis is an infection with one of a series of related trematode parasites that are endemic to at least 76 tropical and subtropical countries.Schistosomiasis affects over 200 million people in tropical and subtropical regions of South America,Africa and Asia.This paper reported more than 1500 soldiers of US troops and 560 men of Australian Air Force were affected schistosomiasis japonicum in the Leyte of the Philippines during the liberation of the Philippines from Octorber 1944 to the early months of 1945.Many troops there were affected by contaminated water with snail hosts.At first,the medical corps knew little about the situations of the schistosomiasis japonica in the Leyte,no preventive measure was adopted.On December 23,1944 CPT morris Goldberg discovered schistosomes first from the hospitalized soldiers while conducting a liver biopsy.Some soldiers with markedly signs and symptoms were admitted to hospital for treatment.Preventive measure was taken since.The US sent a lot of experts to Philippines for the research of schistosomiasis japonicum,including epidemiology, prevention,diagnosis,treatment and so on.Nineteen chemicals were used to control snail hosts. In clinical,schistosomiasis has acute and chronic stages,the manifestations are plenty and various,the liver, intestine,veins,spleen and skin etc are common sites of impingement.An extensive educational program was carried out in the troops through different means,which yielded remarkable effect,the new incidence of schistosomiasis dropped.Though hospitalized soldiers were a few,but there were scare and some morale and psychological problems among them and the other affected victims,they worried about their prognoses or being infected. Some patients were evacuated to United States for treatment after diagnosis,some patients were treated in Leyte.Before World WarⅡ,schistosomiasis was treated generally with trivalent antimony compounds,Fuadin and tartar emetic.In this event,no case died,relapses were rare.It was a successful campaign against schistosomiasis in the army.
文摘Introduction: Due to its health, social and economic morbidity, dental caries leads to absenteeism and a drop in school performance among schoolchildren. The objective of this work is to study dental caries and its determinants in pupils known as Children of Troop (CT) of the “Military School of Saint Louis” (MSS). Method: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Recruitment was exhaustive. The collection was made at the school and has covered the period of March 10 throughout June 13, 2014 in an individual interview, based upon a deliberate consent, using a questionnaire drawn up on the basis of the variables studied. The bivariate analysis was done with the Epi Info software version 3.5.3. Results: The mean age of CT was 14.9. The prevalence of caries was 61.2%. Determinants related to caries were: sugar intake between meals (OR = 6.44 [3.4 - 11.9]);insufficient tooth brushing (OR = 14.3 [8.8 - 23.29]);(OR = 3.84 [2.38 - 7.14]) and for regular dental visits (OR = 5.26 [3.44 - 8.33]), with the last dental visit dating back more than one year. Conclusion: In the face of challenges of school performance of CT, it is necessary to set up a control plan focusing mainly on the factors identified and associated with dental caries in military school.
文摘When talking about Napoleon,people always focus on his military talent,his empire,his famous code or even his final defeat—Battle of Waterloo.Few people will remember his quest for Egypt and his mysterious‘troop’.This thesis will discuss the forgotten troop of Napoleon and its influence on the development of Egypt and the world.
文摘Objective:Analyze the correlation between the bone mineral density value of army officers and soldiers and the fracture caused by military training,and construct the prediction model of the risk factors of the fracture caused by military training.Methods:A total of 1019 officers and soldiers in a military training unit from January 2015 to November 2020 were selected and divided into groups according to whether they were fractured during military training.The basic data were collected in the form of a questionnaire,and the bone mineral density of the forearm and wrist of all subjects were measured by osteosys exa-3000 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Korea.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between bone mineral density and fractures caused by military training.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of fractures caused by military training,build a prediction model,and draw an ROC curve to verify its predictive value for fractures caused by military training.Results:There were statistically significant differences between patients with fractures caused by military training and those without fractures in previous fracture history,training period,self-evaluation of training intensity,the intensity of self-protection awareness,and bone mineral density(p<0.05);Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that past fracture history,training intensity,injury subjects,self-protection awareness,and bone mineral density were all independent factors influencing fractures caused by military training(P<0.05);Pearson correlation analysis showed that bone mineral density was negatively correlated with fractures caused by military training(r=0.686,P<0.01);a predictive model was constructed,model1 was previous fracture history+training intensity+injury subjects+self-protection awareness,model 2 is the previous fracture history+training intensity+injury subjects+self-protection awareness+bone mineral density value.The area under the ROC curve of model 1 and model 2 were 0.729(0.648-0.785)and 0.893(0.837-0.914),respectively,and the Youde index were 0.415 and 0.682,respectively.Conclusion:There is a negative correlation between bone mineral density and fractures caused by military training.The prediction value of the fracture prediction model caused by military training constructed by the bone mineral density value is higher.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Although troop fission is a rare event, it does occur in provisioned or wild troops. Such fission, from the ecological viewpeint, results from the population growth which exceeds the carrying capacity of its ranging area, and, from the sociological viewpoint, from the loose social relations among troop members.
