The intrinsic variability of memristor switching behavior can be used as a natural source of randomness,this variability is valuable for safe applications in hardware,such as the true random number generator(TRNG).How...The intrinsic variability of memristor switching behavior can be used as a natural source of randomness,this variability is valuable for safe applications in hardware,such as the true random number generator(TRNG).However,the speed of TRNG is still be further improved.Here,we propose a reliable Ag/SiNx/n-Si volatile memristor,which exhibits a typical threshold switching device with stable repeat ability and fast switching speed.This volatile-memristor-based TRNG is combined with nonlinear feedback shift register(NFSR)to form a new type of high-speed dual output TRNG.Interestingly,the bit generation rate reaches a high speed of 112 kb/s.In addition,this new TRNG passed all 15 National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)randomness tests without post-processing steps,proving its performance as a hardware security application.This work shows that the SiNx-based volatile memristor can realize TRNG and has great potential in hardware network security.展开更多
Internet of Things is an ecosystem of interconnected devices that are accessible through the internet.The recent research focuses on adding more smartness and intelligence to these edge devices.This makes them suscept...Internet of Things is an ecosystem of interconnected devices that are accessible through the internet.The recent research focuses on adding more smartness and intelligence to these edge devices.This makes them susceptible to various kinds of security threats.These edge devices rely on cryptographic techniques to encrypt the pre-processed data collected from the sensors deployed in the field.In this regard,block cipher has been one of the most reliable options through which data security is accomplished.The strength of block encryption algorithms against different attacks is dependent on its nonlinear primitive which is called Substitution Boxes.For the design of S-boxes mainly algebraic and chaos-based techniques are used but researchers also found various weaknesses in these techniques.On the other side,literature endorse the true random numbers for information security due to the reason that,true random numbers are purely non-deterministic.In this paper firstly a natural dynamical phenomenon is utilized for the generation of true random numbers based S-boxes.Secondly,a systematic literature review was conducted to know which metaheuristic optimization technique is highly adopted in the current decade for the optimization of S-boxes.Based on the outcome of Systematic Literature Review(SLR),genetic algorithm is chosen for the optimization of s-boxes.The results of our method validate that the proposed dynamic S-boxes are effective for the block ciphers.Moreover,our results showed that the proposed substitution boxes achieve better cryptographic strength as compared with state-of-the-art techniques.展开更多
通过对频率抖动机理的研究,提出一种基于压控振荡器(Voltage-Controlled Oscillator,VCO)的真随机数发生器(True Random Number Generator,TRNG)设计方案.该方案将电阻热噪声放大后作为VCO的控制信号使其振荡频率在中心频率附近随机抖动...通过对频率抖动机理的研究,提出一种基于压控振荡器(Voltage-Controlled Oscillator,VCO)的真随机数发生器(True Random Number Generator,TRNG)设计方案.该方案将电阻热噪声放大后作为VCO的控制信号使其振荡频率在中心频率附近随机抖动. VCO所产生的慢振荡信号对周期固定的快振荡信号采样生成原始随机序列,然后利用后处理电路提高序列均匀性并消除自相关性.通过热噪声发生器调节VCO的中心频率可实现序列比特率和随机性之间的权衡.所提电路采用SMIC 55nm CMOS工艺设计,芯片面积0. 0124mm2,比特率10Mbps,平均功率0. 81mW.输出的随机序列通过NIST SP 800-22测试.展开更多
量子元胞自动机(quantum-dot cellular automata,QCA)是一种典型的纳米器件,有望成为VLSI设计中CMOS晶体管的替代者。文章基于QCA的内禀属性,以QCA交叉耦合结构为理论依据,设计一种真随机数发生器(true random number generator,TRNG),...量子元胞自动机(quantum-dot cellular automata,QCA)是一种典型的纳米器件,有望成为VLSI设计中CMOS晶体管的替代者。文章基于QCA的内禀属性,以QCA交叉耦合结构为理论依据,设计一种真随机数发生器(true random number generator,TRNG),从基础单元的设计和仿真到最终实现位拓展的功能,全程都基于QCA-Designer软件平台加以实现。与之前类似的研究成果相比,该文所设计的电路结构大大降低了延迟、功耗和元胞面积,具有一定的优势。最终收集的仿真结果要经过行业标准测试,由美国国家标准技术研究院(National Institute of Standards and Technology,NIST)提供评估标准,证明了产生的随机序列具有优良的随机性。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan“Nano Frontier”Key Special Project(Grant No.2021YFA1200502)Cultivation Projects of National Major R&D Project(Grant No.92164109)+12 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61874158,62004056,and 62104058)the Special Project of Strategic Leading Science and Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB44000000-7)Key R&D Plan Projects in Hebei Province(Grant No.22311101D)Hebei Basic Research Special Key Project(Grant No.F2021201045)the Support Program for the Top Young Talents of Hebei Province(Grant No.70280011807)the Supporting Plan for 100 Excellent Innovative Talents in Colleges and Universities of Hebei Province(Grant No.SLRC2019018)the Interdisciplinary Research Program of Natural Science of Hebei University(No.DXK202101)the Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development(No.521100311)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Nos.F2022201054 and F2021201022)the Outstanding Young Scientific Research and Innovation Team of Hebei University(Grant No.605020521001)the Special Support Funds for National High Level Talents(Grant No.041500120001)the Advanced Talents Incubation Program of the Hebei University(Grant Nos.521000981426,521100221071,and 521000981363)the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department(Grant Nos.QN2020178 and QN2021026).
文摘The intrinsic variability of memristor switching behavior can be used as a natural source of randomness,this variability is valuable for safe applications in hardware,such as the true random number generator(TRNG).However,the speed of TRNG is still be further improved.Here,we propose a reliable Ag/SiNx/n-Si volatile memristor,which exhibits a typical threshold switching device with stable repeat ability and fast switching speed.This volatile-memristor-based TRNG is combined with nonlinear feedback shift register(NFSR)to form a new type of high-speed dual output TRNG.Interestingly,the bit generation rate reaches a high speed of 112 kb/s.In addition,this new TRNG passed all 15 National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)randomness tests without post-processing steps,proving its performance as a hardware security application.This work shows that the SiNx-based volatile memristor can realize TRNG and has great potential in hardware network security.
文摘Internet of Things is an ecosystem of interconnected devices that are accessible through the internet.The recent research focuses on adding more smartness and intelligence to these edge devices.This makes them susceptible to various kinds of security threats.These edge devices rely on cryptographic techniques to encrypt the pre-processed data collected from the sensors deployed in the field.In this regard,block cipher has been one of the most reliable options through which data security is accomplished.The strength of block encryption algorithms against different attacks is dependent on its nonlinear primitive which is called Substitution Boxes.For the design of S-boxes mainly algebraic and chaos-based techniques are used but researchers also found various weaknesses in these techniques.On the other side,literature endorse the true random numbers for information security due to the reason that,true random numbers are purely non-deterministic.In this paper firstly a natural dynamical phenomenon is utilized for the generation of true random numbers based S-boxes.Secondly,a systematic literature review was conducted to know which metaheuristic optimization technique is highly adopted in the current decade for the optimization of S-boxes.Based on the outcome of Systematic Literature Review(SLR),genetic algorithm is chosen for the optimization of s-boxes.The results of our method validate that the proposed dynamic S-boxes are effective for the block ciphers.Moreover,our results showed that the proposed substitution boxes achieve better cryptographic strength as compared with state-of-the-art techniques.
文摘量子元胞自动机(quantum-dot cellular automata,QCA)是一种典型的纳米器件,有望成为VLSI设计中CMOS晶体管的替代者。文章基于QCA的内禀属性,以QCA交叉耦合结构为理论依据,设计一种真随机数发生器(true random number generator,TRNG),从基础单元的设计和仿真到最终实现位拓展的功能,全程都基于QCA-Designer软件平台加以实现。与之前类似的研究成果相比,该文所设计的电路结构大大降低了延迟、功耗和元胞面积,具有一定的优势。最终收集的仿真结果要经过行业标准测试,由美国国家标准技术研究院(National Institute of Standards and Technology,NIST)提供评估标准,证明了产生的随机序列具有优良的随机性。
