Hamamatsu R1924A is one of the most widely used photomultiplier tubes(PMTs) in nuclear physics.Since the active base suitable for R1924A is still not available in market, an active base is designed for Hamamatsu R1924...Hamamatsu R1924A is one of the most widely used photomultiplier tubes(PMTs) in nuclear physics.Since the active base suitable for R1924A is still not available in market, an active base is designed for Hamamatsu R1924A PMT, and the test results at high counting rates are presented. The active bases with two different sets of resistor chains were tested and compared by a frequency-controlled green straw hat LED light. A stable signal output up to 100 kHz is achieved using frequency-controlled LED pulsed light. The temperature of bases, which reflects the power consumption and is crucial for applications in vacuum, is also monitored with the same LED pulsed light. The temperature of the active base with smaller resistances reaches about twice of that of the active base with larger resistances in the resistor chain. For the applications in vacuum, the active base with resistance between the two sets of resistor chains may be preferable.展开更多
目的检索、评价并整合国内外新生儿肠内营养胃管留置管理的相关证据。方法系统检索英国医学杂志最佳临床实践网、Up To Date、CINAHL、加拿大医学会临床实践指南网、国际指南网、WHO指南网、美国国立指南库、医脉通、Cochrane图书馆、Pu...目的检索、评价并整合国内外新生儿肠内营养胃管留置管理的相关证据。方法系统检索英国医学杂志最佳临床实践网、Up To Date、CINAHL、加拿大医学会临床实践指南网、国际指南网、WHO指南网、美国国立指南库、医脉通、Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、维普等数据库等网站和数据库中关于新生儿肠内营养胃管留置管理的临床决策、推荐实践、证据总结、临床实践指南、技术报告、专家共识、系统评价,由2名研究者独立进行方法学质量评价后,根据主题对证据进行提取与汇总,检索时限为建库至2023年5月。结果共纳入14篇文献,包括指南2篇、证据总结1篇、系统评价5篇、专家共识3篇、最佳实践2篇、随机对照研究1篇。最后总结包括适应与禁忌、置管前的准备与评估、胃管位置验证、胃管固定、胃管维护5个方面的22条证据。结论本研究通过系统检索国内外高级别的循证资源,对新生儿肠内营养胃管留置的管理进行证据总结,所总结的新生儿肠内营养胃管留置管理证据全面、实用,可为规范新生儿胃管留置管理管理提供循证依据,保证新生儿肠内营养安全,提高新生儿护理质量。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91426301 and 11075189)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences"ADS project"(No.XDA03030200)+2 种基金the Program for the CAS"Light of West China"(No.29Y601030)the US Department of Energy(No.DE-FG02-93ER40773)the program of the"visiting professorship of senior international scientists of the Chinese Academy of Sciences"for their support during his stay at the IMP
文摘Hamamatsu R1924A is one of the most widely used photomultiplier tubes(PMTs) in nuclear physics.Since the active base suitable for R1924A is still not available in market, an active base is designed for Hamamatsu R1924A PMT, and the test results at high counting rates are presented. The active bases with two different sets of resistor chains were tested and compared by a frequency-controlled green straw hat LED light. A stable signal output up to 100 kHz is achieved using frequency-controlled LED pulsed light. The temperature of bases, which reflects the power consumption and is crucial for applications in vacuum, is also monitored with the same LED pulsed light. The temperature of the active base with smaller resistances reaches about twice of that of the active base with larger resistances in the resistor chain. For the applications in vacuum, the active base with resistance between the two sets of resistor chains may be preferable.
文摘目的检索、评价并整合国内外新生儿肠内营养胃管留置管理的相关证据。方法系统检索英国医学杂志最佳临床实践网、Up To Date、CINAHL、加拿大医学会临床实践指南网、国际指南网、WHO指南网、美国国立指南库、医脉通、Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、维普等数据库等网站和数据库中关于新生儿肠内营养胃管留置管理的临床决策、推荐实践、证据总结、临床实践指南、技术报告、专家共识、系统评价,由2名研究者独立进行方法学质量评价后,根据主题对证据进行提取与汇总,检索时限为建库至2023年5月。结果共纳入14篇文献,包括指南2篇、证据总结1篇、系统评价5篇、专家共识3篇、最佳实践2篇、随机对照研究1篇。最后总结包括适应与禁忌、置管前的准备与评估、胃管位置验证、胃管固定、胃管维护5个方面的22条证据。结论本研究通过系统检索国内外高级别的循证资源,对新生儿肠内营养胃管留置的管理进行证据总结,所总结的新生儿肠内营养胃管留置管理证据全面、实用,可为规范新生儿胃管留置管理管理提供循证依据,保证新生儿肠内营养安全,提高新生儿护理质量。
