Tuberculosis(TB)is a chronic disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Laboratory confirmation of this infection is challenging due to the paucibacillary nature of extrapulmonary tuberculosis(EPTB).
Objective: To assess the missed opportunities from the diagnosis of bacilliferous pulmonary tuberculosis by optical microscopy compared to GeneXpert MTB/RIF between 2015 and 2019. Methods: This is a retrospective anal...Objective: To assess the missed opportunities from the diagnosis of bacilliferous pulmonary tuberculosis by optical microscopy compared to GeneXpert MTB/RIF between 2015 and 2019. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of the diagnostic results of bacilliferous pulmonary tuberculosis in patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis at their first episode during the period. GeneXpert MTB/RIF (GeneXpert) and optical microscopy (OM) after Ziehl-Neelsen stained smear were performed on each patient’s sputum or gastric tubing fluid sample. Results: Among 341 patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis, 229 patients were declared bacilliferous tuberculosis by the two tests (67%), 220 patients by GeneXpert and 95 patients by OM, i.e. 64.5% versus 28% (p i.e. 58.5% of the positive cases detected by the two tests (134/229 patients) and 39.3% of the patients suspected of tuberculosis (134/341 patients). On the other hand, among 95 patients declared positive by OM, the GeneXpert ignored 9 (9.5%), i.e. 4% of all the positive cases detected by the two diagnostic tests (9/229 patients) and 3% of the patients suspected of tuberculosis (9/341 patients). The differences observed between the results of the two tests were statistically significant at the 5% threshold (p Conclusion: This study reveals missed diagnostic opportunities for bacilliferous pulmonary mycobacteriosis, statistically significant with optical microscopy than GeneXpert. The GeneXpert/optical microscopy couple could be a good contribution to the strategies for the elimination of pulmonary tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa.展开更多
Tuberculosis(TB)remains a leading cause of death among infectious diseases,particularly in poor countries.Viral infections,multidrug-resistant and ex-tensively drug-resistant TB strains,as well as the coexistence of c...Tuberculosis(TB)remains a leading cause of death among infectious diseases,particularly in poor countries.Viral infections,multidrug-resistant and ex-tensively drug-resistant TB strains,as well as the coexistence of chronic illnesses such as diabetes mellitus(DM)greatly aggravate TB morbidity and mortality.DM[particularly type 2 DM(T2DM)]and TB have converged making their control even more challenging.Two contemporary global epidemics,TB-DM behaves like a syndemic,a synergistic confluence of two highly prevalent diseases.T2DM is a risk factor for developing more severe forms of multi-drug resistant-TB and TB recurrence after preventive treatment.Since a bidirectional relationship exists between TB and DM,it is necessary to concurrently treat both,and promote recommendations for the joint management of both diseases.There are also some drug-drug interactions resulting in adverse treatment outcomes in TB-DM patients including treatment failure,and reinfection.In addition,autophagy may play a role in these comorbidities.Therefore,the TB-DM comorbidities present several health challenges,requiring a focus on multidisciplinary collaboration and integrated strategies,to effectively deal with this double burden.To effectively manage the comorbidity,further screening in affected countries,more suitable drugs,and better treatment strategies are required.展开更多
Objective: This case report aimed to highlight intersections of TB and Cardiovasular diseases which carry high morbidity and mortality rates. Methods: We are reporting the surgical management of forty seven years fema...Objective: This case report aimed to highlight intersections of TB and Cardiovasular diseases which carry high morbidity and mortality rates. Methods: We are reporting the surgical management of forty seven years female who had back ground history of IDDM (Insulin dependent diabetic Mellitus), ESRD (End stage renal disease) on HD (haemodialysis) also she had left subclavian artery stenosis, and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. She was diagnosed with mitral valve infective endocarditis and found accidently to have an open pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) on the day before surgery. Results: She was started on first line anti-TB treatment. She was isolated in her private room and airborne precautions measures applied. The patient underwent a tissue Mitral Valve replacement and tricuspid valve repair annuloplasty. Special precautions were applied in Theatre and on cardiopulmonary bypass Machine guided by KAMC-J disinfection protocol. The patient made good recovery postoperatively. She was discharged well on day 7 post operatively. Conclusion: Intersections of TB and cardiovasular diseases carry high morbidity and mortality rates. Early diagnosis and early anti tuberculosis treatment can surely improve the patient prognosis. Our decontamination and disinfective procedures are recommended. Cases like this should be monitored long term for the development of further cardiovascular complication.展开更多
目的探讨Xpert MTB/RIF联合宏基因组高通量测序对菌阴肺结核的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2019年12月至2022年5月诊断为菌阴肺结核的70例患者,分别进行XpertMTB/RIF检测、宏基因组高通量测序及二者联合检测。采用固体培养法和比例法对生...目的探讨Xpert MTB/RIF联合宏基因组高通量测序对菌阴肺结核的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2019年12月至2022年5月诊断为菌阴肺结核的70例患者,分别进行XpertMTB/RIF检测、宏基因组高通量测序及二者联合检测。采用固体培养法和比例法对生化病原菌进行诊断并分析诊断效能。采用预测值绘制受试者操作特征曲线。结果Xpert MTB/RIF诊断阳性率75.57%,阴性率21.43%;宏基因组高通量测序诊断阳性率78.57%,阴性率21.43%;联合诊断阳性率88.57%,阴性率11.43%。Xpert MTB/RIF检测敏感度为77.55%、特异性为59.86%,曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.827;宏基因组高通量测序检测敏感度为77.47%、特异性为61.02%,AUC为0.808;联合检测敏感度为89.75%、特异性为89.57%,AUC为0.925。结果显示Xpert MTB/RIF联合宏基因组高通量测序在菌阴肺结核中诊断的敏感度、特异性均高于单一检测(P<0.05)。结论XpertMTB/RIF联合宏基因组高通量测序在菌阴肺结核诊断中具有较好的应用价值,值得临床推广使用。展开更多
Today, tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health threat associated with significantly high rates of morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Tuberculosis Report 2018[1] has repo...Today, tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health threat associated with significantly high rates of morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Tuberculosis Report 2018[1] has reported that in 2017, 10.0 million people across the world had developed TB diseases that resulted in an estimated 1.6 million deaths, and 889, 000 people developed TB in China that led to 39, 000 TB-related deaths. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is important for initiating early treatment and reducing mortality. Traditional diagnostic methods for pulmonary TB incorporate chest radiography and sputum smear microscopy;however, several cases of tuberculosis go undiagnosed because of the low sensitivity of smear microscopy[2].展开更多
We evaluate the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis （EPTB） in China. The performance of Xpert was evaluated compared to the composite reference standard （CRS）, drug suscep...We evaluate the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis （EPTB） in China. The performance of Xpert was evaluated compared to the composite reference standard （CRS）, drug susceptibility testing （DST）, and imaging examination. The overall sensitivity and specificity of Xpert were 64.1% （195/304） and 100% （24/24）, respectively, using CRS as the gold standard. The sensitivity was significantly higher than that of culture for pus （P〈0.05）. The proportion of EPTB-positive cases diagnosed by imaging was two times more than that diagnosed using Xpert; however, 6 out of 19 cases may have been overdiagnosed by imaging.展开更多
Background: The emergence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug- resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has highlighted the need for early accurate detection and drug susceptibility. Objective: Th...Background: The emergence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug- resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has highlighted the need for early accurate detection and drug susceptibility. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of GeneX-pert MTB/RIF assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. Methodology: This cross sectional study was done in the Department of Microbiology at Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka and National Institute of Chest Disease & Hospital (NIDCH), Dhaka during the period of January 2014 to December 2014 for a period of 1 (one) year. Sputum samples from suspected MDR-TB patients were collected by purposive sampling technique from OPD of Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC) and NIDCH. Microscopy, liquid culture in liquid MGIT 960 media and GeneXpert MTB/RIF were done for MTB diagnosis and detection of rifampicin resistance. MGIT 960 media were also used for determination of drug resistance. Result: Liquid culture yielded higher growth (68%) from 100 samples while GeneXpert MTB assay showed similar result (67% positive and 33% negative). Drug susceptibility test in MGIT 960 media showed that out of 68 positive cases Rifampicin resistant cases were 15 (22.05%) whereas GeneXpert MTB assay detected 14 (20.89%) were Rifampicin resistant out of 67 MTB positive samples. When compared to liquid culture the calculated sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV) and accuracy of GeneXpert MTB were 98.52%, 100%, 96.96%, 100% and 99%. Conclusion: GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay is high detection rate of pulmonary tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Spinal epidural abscess(SEA)is a rare condition that mostly results from infection with either bacteria or tuberculosis.However,coinfection with bacteria and tuberculosis is extremely rare,and it results in...BACKGROUND Spinal epidural abscess(SEA)is a rare condition that mostly results from infection with either bacteria or tuberculosis.However,coinfection with bacteria and tuberculosis is extremely rare,and it results in delays in diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment causing unfavorable outcomes.CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old female visited the hospital with low back pain,and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed an SEA at the lumbosacral segment.Staphylococcus hominis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis were identified from preoperative blood culture and intraoperative abscess culture,respectively.Thus,the patient underwent treatment with vancomycin medication for 9 wk after surgical drainage of the SEA.However,the low back pain recurred 2 wk after vancomycin treatment.MRI revealed an aggravated SEA in the same area in addition to erosive destruction of vertebral bodies.Second surgery was performed for SEA removal and spinal instrumentation.The microbiological study and pathological examination confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the pathogen concurrent with the bacterial SEA.The patient improved completely after 12 mo of antitubercular medication.CONCLUSION We believe that the identification of a certain pathogen in SEAs does not exclude coinfection with other pathogens.Tubercular coinfection should be suspected if an SEA does not improve despite appropriate antibiotics for the identified pathogen.展开更多
基金sponsored by Hangzhou Medical Health Science and Technology Project[No.A20220558]Hangzhou Medical Health Science and Technology Project[No.A20220614]+1 种基金Zhejiang General Research Project on Medical Health and Science Technology Plan[No.2021KY949]The Public Welfare Technology Research Program in Zhejiang Province[No.LGF21H190002]。
文摘Tuberculosis(TB)is a chronic disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Laboratory confirmation of this infection is challenging due to the paucibacillary nature of extrapulmonary tuberculosis(EPTB).
文摘Objective: To assess the missed opportunities from the diagnosis of bacilliferous pulmonary tuberculosis by optical microscopy compared to GeneXpert MTB/RIF between 2015 and 2019. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of the diagnostic results of bacilliferous pulmonary tuberculosis in patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis at their first episode during the period. GeneXpert MTB/RIF (GeneXpert) and optical microscopy (OM) after Ziehl-Neelsen stained smear were performed on each patient’s sputum or gastric tubing fluid sample. Results: Among 341 patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis, 229 patients were declared bacilliferous tuberculosis by the two tests (67%), 220 patients by GeneXpert and 95 patients by OM, i.e. 64.5% versus 28% (p i.e. 58.5% of the positive cases detected by the two tests (134/229 patients) and 39.3% of the patients suspected of tuberculosis (134/341 patients). On the other hand, among 95 patients declared positive by OM, the GeneXpert ignored 9 (9.5%), i.e. 4% of all the positive cases detected by the two diagnostic tests (9/229 patients) and 3% of the patients suspected of tuberculosis (9/341 patients). The differences observed between the results of the two tests were statistically significant at the 5% threshold (p Conclusion: This study reveals missed diagnostic opportunities for bacilliferous pulmonary mycobacteriosis, statistically significant with optical microscopy than GeneXpert. The GeneXpert/optical microscopy couple could be a good contribution to the strategies for the elimination of pulmonary tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa.
文摘Tuberculosis(TB)remains a leading cause of death among infectious diseases,particularly in poor countries.Viral infections,multidrug-resistant and ex-tensively drug-resistant TB strains,as well as the coexistence of chronic illnesses such as diabetes mellitus(DM)greatly aggravate TB morbidity and mortality.DM[particularly type 2 DM(T2DM)]and TB have converged making their control even more challenging.Two contemporary global epidemics,TB-DM behaves like a syndemic,a synergistic confluence of two highly prevalent diseases.T2DM is a risk factor for developing more severe forms of multi-drug resistant-TB and TB recurrence after preventive treatment.Since a bidirectional relationship exists between TB and DM,it is necessary to concurrently treat both,and promote recommendations for the joint management of both diseases.There are also some drug-drug interactions resulting in adverse treatment outcomes in TB-DM patients including treatment failure,and reinfection.In addition,autophagy may play a role in these comorbidities.Therefore,the TB-DM comorbidities present several health challenges,requiring a focus on multidisciplinary collaboration and integrated strategies,to effectively deal with this double burden.To effectively manage the comorbidity,further screening in affected countries,more suitable drugs,and better treatment strategies are required.
文摘Objective: This case report aimed to highlight intersections of TB and Cardiovasular diseases which carry high morbidity and mortality rates. Methods: We are reporting the surgical management of forty seven years female who had back ground history of IDDM (Insulin dependent diabetic Mellitus), ESRD (End stage renal disease) on HD (haemodialysis) also she had left subclavian artery stenosis, and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. She was diagnosed with mitral valve infective endocarditis and found accidently to have an open pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) on the day before surgery. Results: She was started on first line anti-TB treatment. She was isolated in her private room and airborne precautions measures applied. The patient underwent a tissue Mitral Valve replacement and tricuspid valve repair annuloplasty. Special precautions were applied in Theatre and on cardiopulmonary bypass Machine guided by KAMC-J disinfection protocol. The patient made good recovery postoperatively. She was discharged well on day 7 post operatively. Conclusion: Intersections of TB and cardiovasular diseases carry high morbidity and mortality rates. Early diagnosis and early anti tuberculosis treatment can surely improve the patient prognosis. Our decontamination and disinfective procedures are recommended. Cases like this should be monitored long term for the development of further cardiovascular complication.
文摘目的探讨Xpert MTB/RIF联合宏基因组高通量测序对菌阴肺结核的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2019年12月至2022年5月诊断为菌阴肺结核的70例患者,分别进行XpertMTB/RIF检测、宏基因组高通量测序及二者联合检测。采用固体培养法和比例法对生化病原菌进行诊断并分析诊断效能。采用预测值绘制受试者操作特征曲线。结果Xpert MTB/RIF诊断阳性率75.57%,阴性率21.43%;宏基因组高通量测序诊断阳性率78.57%,阴性率21.43%;联合诊断阳性率88.57%,阴性率11.43%。Xpert MTB/RIF检测敏感度为77.55%、特异性为59.86%,曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.827;宏基因组高通量测序检测敏感度为77.47%、特异性为61.02%,AUC为0.808;联合检测敏感度为89.75%、特异性为89.57%,AUC为0.925。结果显示Xpert MTB/RIF联合宏基因组高通量测序在菌阴肺结核中诊断的敏感度、特异性均高于单一检测(P<0.05)。结论XpertMTB/RIF联合宏基因组高通量测序在菌阴肺结核诊断中具有较好的应用价值,值得临床推广使用。
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project [2018ZX10103001]the National Natural Science Foundation of China [8161101571]
文摘Today, tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health threat associated with significantly high rates of morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Tuberculosis Report 2018[1] has reported that in 2017, 10.0 million people across the world had developed TB diseases that resulted in an estimated 1.6 million deaths, and 889, 000 people developed TB in China that led to 39, 000 TB-related deaths. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is important for initiating early treatment and reducing mortality. Traditional diagnostic methods for pulmonary TB incorporate chest radiography and sputum smear microscopy;however, several cases of tuberculosis go undiagnosed because of the low sensitivity of smear microscopy[2].
基金supported by research funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China(81273144)Beijing Natural Science Foundation Program and Scientific Research Key Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(KZ201510025024)Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support(ZYLX201304)
文摘We evaluate the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis （EPTB） in China. The performance of Xpert was evaluated compared to the composite reference standard （CRS）, drug susceptibility testing （DST）, and imaging examination. The overall sensitivity and specificity of Xpert were 64.1% （195/304） and 100% （24/24）, respectively, using CRS as the gold standard. The sensitivity was significantly higher than that of culture for pus （P〈0.05）. The proportion of EPTB-positive cases diagnosed by imaging was two times more than that diagnosed using Xpert; however, 6 out of 19 cases may have been overdiagnosed by imaging.
文摘Background: The emergence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug- resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has highlighted the need for early accurate detection and drug susceptibility. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of GeneX-pert MTB/RIF assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. Methodology: This cross sectional study was done in the Department of Microbiology at Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka and National Institute of Chest Disease & Hospital (NIDCH), Dhaka during the period of January 2014 to December 2014 for a period of 1 (one) year. Sputum samples from suspected MDR-TB patients were collected by purposive sampling technique from OPD of Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC) and NIDCH. Microscopy, liquid culture in liquid MGIT 960 media and GeneXpert MTB/RIF were done for MTB diagnosis and detection of rifampicin resistance. MGIT 960 media were also used for determination of drug resistance. Result: Liquid culture yielded higher growth (68%) from 100 samples while GeneXpert MTB assay showed similar result (67% positive and 33% negative). Drug susceptibility test in MGIT 960 media showed that out of 68 positive cases Rifampicin resistant cases were 15 (22.05%) whereas GeneXpert MTB assay detected 14 (20.89%) were Rifampicin resistant out of 67 MTB positive samples. When compared to liquid culture the calculated sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV) and accuracy of GeneXpert MTB were 98.52%, 100%, 96.96%, 100% and 99%. Conclusion: GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay is high detection rate of pulmonary tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Spinal epidural abscess(SEA)is a rare condition that mostly results from infection with either bacteria or tuberculosis.However,coinfection with bacteria and tuberculosis is extremely rare,and it results in delays in diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment causing unfavorable outcomes.CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old female visited the hospital with low back pain,and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed an SEA at the lumbosacral segment.Staphylococcus hominis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis were identified from preoperative blood culture and intraoperative abscess culture,respectively.Thus,the patient underwent treatment with vancomycin medication for 9 wk after surgical drainage of the SEA.However,the low back pain recurred 2 wk after vancomycin treatment.MRI revealed an aggravated SEA in the same area in addition to erosive destruction of vertebral bodies.Second surgery was performed for SEA removal and spinal instrumentation.The microbiological study and pathological examination confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the pathogen concurrent with the bacterial SEA.The patient improved completely after 12 mo of antitubercular medication.CONCLUSION We believe that the identification of a certain pathogen in SEAs does not exclude coinfection with other pathogens.Tubercular coinfection should be suspected if an SEA does not improve despite appropriate antibiotics for the identified pathogen.
