Progress in Investigating the Current Mental Health Status Among Caregivers for Surgical Oncology Patients

This article aims to discuss the current state and research progress concerning the mental health of caregivers for surgical oncology patients.The goal is to offer insights that can serve as a reference for further enhancements in caregivers’mental well-being.This article conducts a comprehensive review and analysis of recent studies on the mental health of caregivers for patients undergoing oncologic surgery.These studies reveal that caregivers commonly grapple with mental health issues,including anxiety,depression,and stress.These problems are closely linked to the stress of the patient’s condition and treatment,the caregiver’s own mental strain,and a lack of social support.In addition,the mental health status of caregivers significantly influences the patient’s treatment and recovery process.Implementing various interventions,such as mental health education,services,the establishment of mental health support teams,and engagement in mental health promotion activities,can contribute to the improvement of caregivers’mental well-being.This,in turn,has the potential to enhance treatment outcomes and the overall quality of life for patients.

Glycemic Variation in Tumor Patients with Total Parenteral Nutrition

Background：Hyperglycemia is associated with poor clinical outcomes and mortality in several patients.However,studies evaluating hyperglycemia variation in tumor patients receiving total parenteral nutrition （TPN） are scarce.The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between glycemia and tumor kinds with TPN by monitoring glycemic variation in tumor patients.Methods：This retrospective clinical trial selected 312 patients with various cancer types,whose unique nutrition treatment was TPN during the monitoring period.All patients had blood glucose （BG） values assessed at least six times daily during the TPN infusion.The glycemic variation before and after TPN was set as the indicator to evaluate the factors influencing BG.Results：The clinical trial lasted 7.5 ± 3.0 days adjusted for age,gender,family cancer history and blood types.There were six cancer types：Hepatic carcinoma （HC,21.8%）,rectal carcinoma （17.3%）,colon carcinoma （CC,14.7%）,gastric carcinoma （29.8%）,pancreatic carcinoma （11.5%）,and duodenal carcinoma （DC,4.8%）.The patients were divided into diabetes and nondiabetes groups.No statistical differences in TPN glucose content between diabetes and nondiabetes groups were found;however,the tumor types affected by BG values were obvious.With increasing BG values,DC,HC and CC were more represented than other tumor types in this sequence in diabetic individuals,as well as in the nondiabetic group.BG was inclined to be more easily influenced in the nondiabetes group.Other factors did not impact BG values,includiug gender,body mass index,and TPN infusion duration time.Conclusions：When tumor patients are treated with TPN,BG levels should be monitored according to different types of tumors,besides differentiating diabetes or nondiabetes patients.Special BG control is needed for DC,HC and CC in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients.If BG overtly increases,positive measurements are needed to control BG values.The ClinicalTrials.gov ID is NCT02024321.

Observation on the Application Effect of Targeted Infusion Safety Nursing in Inpatients with Cancer

Objective:To study the clinical effect of targeted infusion safety nursing during infusion of inpatients with cancer.Methods:From January 1,2020,to January 1,2023,a total of 6,614 infusion patients were treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,and 300 inpatients with cancer were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,with 150 patients in each group.The control group received routine infusion nursing,and the observation group received targeted infusion safety nursing.The targeted infusion safety nursing was judged by comparing the nursing quality assessment,incidence of adverse events,patient compliance,and patients’mastery of infusion knowledge between the two groups.clinical effect.Results:After the targeted infusion safety nursing was given to the patients in the observation group,the patients in this group recognized the nursing quality,and the statistical score was higher than that in the control group;the incidence of adverse events in the observation group was lower than that in the control group.The compliance of the observation group was higher than that of the control group.The mastery of health knowledge in the observation group was also higher than that in the control group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.02).Conclusion:After implementing targeted infusion safety nursing for inpatients with cancer,it can effectively prevent the occurrence of adverse events,improve patient compliance,and increase the mastery of relevant knowledge of patients.

Analysis of Pathogen Distribution and Drug Resistance of Nosocomial Infections Accompanied in Patients with Malignant Tumor

Objective： To investigate the pathogen distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infections accompanied in patients with malignant tumor. Methods： The pathogen culture and drug-sensitivity data of 107 specimens isolated from malignant tumor patients accompanied with nosocomial infection were retrospectively analyzed. Results： Among 118 strains of pathogens isolated from 107 specimens, 77 were gram-negative bacillus（65.3%）, 26 were gram-positive coccus（65.3%）, and 15 were fungus（12.7%）. Eleven specimens were revealed to have combined infection of bacterium and fungus. Gram-negative bacillus showed high sensitivity to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and tienam. Gram-positive cocci were highly sensitive to tienam and vancomycin. The bacteria were resistant to other antibiotics in different degrees, Vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus was not detected, Candida was sensitive to antifungals. Conclusion： Conditional pathogenic bacteria were mainly responsible for nosocomial infections in malignant tumor patients with considerable drug resistance. This shows that bacterial tests and the rational use of antibiotics should be emphasized in clinical practice to prevent the formation of drug resistant strains and further endogenous infections.

Microsatellite instability and expression of DNA mismatch repair genes in malignant astrocytic tumors from adult and pediatric patients

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is used as a molecular marker for defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes.We report here alterations of MSI in 15 malignant astrocytomas (WHO grade Ⅲ) and glioblastomas (GBM; WHO grade Ⅳ) of pediatric patients (2-21 years) and 12 GBM from adults (44-68 years) by comparative analysis of BAT25/BAT26 loci and 10 other microsatellite markers. High-level microsatellite instability (MSI-H) occurred in 4 of the 15 pediatric cases (26.7%) and in 1 of the 12 adult GBM cases (8.3%). Low-level mi-

A CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF 7878 PATIENTS WITH TUMORS IN THE HEAD AND NECK

7878 patients with tumors in the head and neck were analyzed in a period of twenty years. All the diagnosis were confirmed by pathologic examination. There were 5485 cases (69.62%) of malignant tumors. Nearly an half of malignant tumors were in the nasopharynx (49.32%). Among the malignant tumors of the nasopharynx, 2698 were carcinoma (99.34%) and only 18 (0.66%) sarcoma. Nine of them were under 10 years of age, the youngest patient was 3 years old, and this is rare in our county. The incidence of head and neck tumors was 37.66% and that of the head and neck malignancies was 26.22% of tumors in the whole body. This study indicates that incidence of malignant tumor in head and neck was rather higher, it is worth to improve ths procedure of treatment and prevention.

Effect of Combination of Bushen Jianpi Recipe (补肾健脾方) and Erythropoietin on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor a in Patients with Anemia

Objective: To study the effect of treatment of renal anemia by combination of Bushen Jianpi Recipe (补贤健脾方, BJR, a Chinese experienced recipe for supplementing Shen and supporting Pi) and low dosage erythropoietin (EPO), and the influence of treatment on change of serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) so as to explore the possible mechanism of integrative Chinese and Western medicine (ICWM) in treating renal anemia. Methods: Patients with renal anemia were randomly divided into two groups, the ICWM group and the control group, supporting treatment such as dialysis, supplementing of ferrous, foliac acid and vitamin B12, was given to both groups. Additionally, to the ICWM group, 50 IU/kg of EPO subcutaneous injection for twice every week, and oral intake of BJR, one dose per day taken in two parts, were given, and to the control group, EPO alone, 50IU/kg by subcutaneous injecting, 3 times perweek, was given. The therapeutic course for two groups was 3 months. Blood levels of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), TNF-α were measured before treatment and the therapeutic effect was observed. Results: After treatment, the levels of Hb and Hct increased significantly in both groups (P<0. 01) , comparison between the two groups in Hb and Hct after treatment for 3 months showed significant difference (P<0. 05). The serum level of TNF-α was markedly higher than normal range in both groups before treatment, it significantly lowered after treatment in the ICWM group (P< 0.05), but unchanged in the control group. Conclusion: Combination of BJR and EPO could significantly inhibit the production of TNF-α, this may be an important factor for ICWM in effectively improving sensitivity to EPO.Original article on CJITWM (Chin) 2004;24 (2): 106

Theatment strategies for pediatric patients with primary cardiac tumors

Objective To analyze the experience of treatment strategies for pediatric patients with primary cardiac tumors. Methods The clinical data of 27 patients with primary cardiac tumors which detected by echocardiography from May 1999 to May 2009 was analyzed retrospectively. There were 20 male and 7 female patients,aged from 24 d to 12. 6 years. There were 59. 2% less than 1 year old at the time of diagnosis. A single tumor were present in 22 cases and multiple in 5 cases. Surgery was performed on 22 patients due to the varied

Recovery of cerebellar peduncle injury in a patient with a cerebellar tumor: validation by diffusion tensor tractography

The cerebellum has a complex network and relates to various clinical functions including ataxia, gait disturbance, hearing and vision, cognition and affective control. Cerebellar peduncles are the structure connecting the cerebellum to the brain stem and the cerebrum. There exist three cerebellar peduncles. The superior cerebellar peduncle （SCP） involves vestibular sense and proprio- ception connecting to the thalamocortical pathway. The middle cerebellar peduncle （MCP） is the largest structure among the three cerebellar peduncles conveying impulses from the cerebral cortex to the cerebellum through corticopontocerebellar tract.

Malignant Tumors in Patients Aged 60 and Over: An Analysis of 208 Autopsy Cases.

From the autopsy of 617 cases aged 60 and over.208 cases with malignant tumor were found.The detection rate

A STUDY ON THE SERUM PREGNANCY ZONE PROTEIN LEVELS IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND PATIENTS WITH GYNECOLOGICAL TUMORS

In this study, the serum levels of the pregnancy zone protein (PZP) were determined by PZP-single radial immunodiffusion in 708 cases of normal pregnancy, 207 with abormal pregnancy and 188 with gynecological tumors. The results indicated that serum PZP levels in the normal pregnancy was detectable 5 weeks after gestation. It increased with the advance of gestational weeks, and reached a peak level in week 40. The serum PZP levels in 81.7% of patients with threatened abortion but not aborted were within the normal range, and also mostly in those with pregnancy-nduced hypertension, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), anencepbalus and ectopic pregnancy; the serum PZP levels in 51.6% of patients with invasive moles and 80.0% with choriocarcinoma, respectively, were lower than in normal controls. In gynaecological tumors, the serum PZP levels were significantly higher in patients with ovarian carcinomas than in those with other ovarian tumors (P<0.01), and in those with endometrial or cervical carcinoma than in those with uterine myomas (P<0.01). These results suggest that measuring the serum PZP levels may be used as an important reference index to observe threatened abortion and to identify trophoblastic diseases and gynecological tumors.

RNA editingof SLC22A3 causes early tumor progression in familial esophageal cancer patients

Subject Code:H16With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a collaborative study by the Research groups led by Prof.Fu Li(付利)from the Cancer Research Center,Shenzhen University School of Medicine and Prof.Guan Xinyuan(关新元)from the University of Hong Kong reported that an

Effects ofm perioperative cimetidine administration on tumor cell nuclear morphology and DNA content in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer

Objective To explore the effects of perioperative cimetidine administration on tumor cell nuclear morphometric parameters and DNA content in patients with gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma (GCRA) Past studies have attributed the antitumor effect of cimetidine to its immunomodulatory property, which led to an increase of cellular immunity Whether there are other possible mechanisms by which cimetidine exerts its antitumor function is unknown 49 patients with GCRA were randomized into treatment group (n=25) and control group (n=24) based on whether cimetidine was applied to them during the perioperative periold The treatment group started oral cimetidine intake 400mg, tid, 7-10d before oiperation, followed by curative surgery 'The control group did not receive cimetidine Tumor specimens were paraffin embedded for 4μm thick microsection and stained with (1) hematoxylin and eosin (HE) for the morphometric measurements of tumor cell nuclear area (NA), nuclear perimeter (NP), maximal nuclear diameter (MMND) and minimal nuclea4r diameter (MNND); (2) feulgen stain for tumor nuclear DNA content analysis by IBAS Image Analyzer The percentages (%) of diploidy (2C), tripletetraploidy (3C 4C), quintuple ploidy (5C) and >quintuple ploidy (>5C) tumor cells were calculated, using the mean value of DNA content of 50 lymphocytes as normal 2C control 3C 5C cells were designated as law aneuploid cells and >5C cells as high aneupoid cells Results The clinicopathological variables between the two groups were balanced and comparable There were no statistically significant differences between bthe treatment and control groups in regard of the following parameters: age, gender, tumor location, pathological type, TNM stage, and degree of differentiation The NA (μm 2), NP (μm), MMND (μm) and MNND (μm) for treatm ent group/control group were 23 54±5 08/34 698±10 18 ( P <0 001), 22 06±4 43/24 88±4 05 ( P <0 05),7 84±1 64/8 62±1 24 ( P >0 05), and 4 42±0 61/5 41±0 89 ( P <0 001), respectively The percentages (%) of 2C, 3C 4C, 5C and >5C tumor cells for treatment group/control group were 16 64±2 58/5 35±2 14 ( P <0 002), 39 84±2 28/35 70±3 58 ( P >0 50), 12 42±5 00/14 48±0 74 ( P >0 20), 31 11±6 86/45 97±3 82 ( P <0 005), respectively In the treatment group, there was a tendency tiowards low aneuploid tumor cells from high an euploid tumor cells However, high aneuploid tumor cells predominated in the control group Conclusion Perioperative administration of cimetidine to GCRA patients could decrease the size of tumor cell nuclei, raise the percentage of diploid tumor cells, and partially convery high aneuploid tumor cells into low aneuploid tumor cells All of these effects may in turn help reduce the proliferative potential and invasiveness of tumor cells The direct inhibitory functions on tumor cell nuclei may be a new antitumor mechanism of cimetidine, in addition to its immunomodulatory action

Candidate therapeutic agents in a newly established triple wild-typemucosalmelanoma cell line

Background:Mucosalmelanoma has characteristically distinct genetic features and typically poor prognosis.The lack of representativemucosal melanoma models,especially cell lines,has hindered translational research on this melanoma subtype.In this study,we aimed to establish and provide the biological properties,genomic features and the pharmacological profiles of a mucosal melanoma cell line that would contribute to the understanding and treatment optimization of molecularly-defined mucosal melanoma subtype.Methods:The sample was collected from a 67-year-old mucosal melanoma patient and processed into pieces for the establishment of cell line and patientderived xenograft(PDX)model.The proliferation and tumorigenic property of cancer cells from different passageswere evaluated,andwhole-genome sequencing(WGS)was performed on the original tumor,PDX,established cell line,and the matched blood to confirm the establishment and define the genomic features of this cell line.AmpliconArchitect was conducted to depict the architecture of amplified regions detected by WGS.High-throughput drug screening(HTDS)assay including a total of 103 therapeutic agents was implemented on the established cell line,and selected candidate agents were validated in the corresponding PDX model.Results:A mucosal melanoma cell line,MM9H-1,was established which exhibited robust proliferation and tumorigenicity after more than 100 serial passages.Genomic analysis of MM9H-1,corresponding PDX,and the original tumor showed genetic fidelity across genomes,and MM9H-1 was defined as a triple wild-type(TWT)melanoma subtype lacking well-characterized“driver mutations”.Instead,the amplification of several oncogenes,telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT),v-Rafmurine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1(BRAF),melanocyte Inducing transcription factor(MITF)and INO80 complex ATPase subunit(INO80),via large-scale genomic rearrangement potentially contributed to oncogenesis of MM9H-1.Moreover,HTDS identified proteasome inhibitors,especially bortezomib,as promising therapeutic candidates for MM9H-1,which was verified in the corresponding PDX model in vivo.Conclusions:We established and characterized a new mucosal melanoma cell line,MM9H-1,and defined this cell line as a TWT melanoma subtype lacking well-characterized“driver mutations”.The MM9H-1 cell line could be adopted as a unique model for the preclinical investigation of mucosal melanoma.