Currently, breast cancer is the most common malignant tumour in Chinese women with a high incidence rate, and recurrence and metastasis are the main reasons affecting survival. Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSCs) are ste...Currently, breast cancer is the most common malignant tumour in Chinese women with a high incidence rate, and recurrence and metastasis are the main reasons affecting survival. Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSCs) are stem cells capable of continuous regeneration in vivo with strong self-renewal ability and multidirectional differentiation potential, which are highly tumourigenic and insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and are highly susceptible to breast cancer recurrence. Therefore, exploring the stemness of BCSCs and their mechanism associated with recurrence is important for developing new therapeutic strategies, improving therapeutic efficacy, and improving patient prognosis.展开更多
AIM To analyse the long-term prognostic impact of circulating tumour cells(CTCs) in gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery. METHODS A 7.5-m L peripheral vein blood sample was obtained from each patient with tre...AIM To analyse the long-term prognostic impact of circulating tumour cells(CTCs) in gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery. METHODS A 7.5-m L peripheral vein blood sample was obtained from each patient with treatment-negative gastric adenocarcinoma before surgery. OBP-401, a telomerasespecific, replication-selective, oncolytic adenoviral agent carrying the green fluorescent protein gene, was used to label CTCs. Correlations between the number of CTCs and clinical end points were evaluated. RESULTS The median follow-up period of the surviving patients with gastric cancer was 60 mo. The CTC number tended to increase concomitantly with disease progression. The overall survival of patients with more than five CTCs in 7.5-m L of peripheral blood was lower than that of patients with five or less CTCs, although the difference was not significant(P = 0.183). A significant difference in relapse-free survival was found between patients with more than five and those with five or less CTCs(P = 0.034).CONCLUSION A lower number of CTCs was correlated with higher relapse-free survival rates in patients. Detection of CTCs using OBP-401 may be useful for predicting prognosis in gastric cancer.展开更多
Due to a lack of substantial improvement in the outcome of patients suffering from oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) during the past decades, current staging methods need to be revised. This disease is associated wit...Due to a lack of substantial improvement in the outcome of patients suffering from oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) during the past decades, current staging methods need to be revised. This disease is associated with poor survival rates despite considerable advances in diagnosis and treatment. The early detection of metastases is an important indicator of survival, prognosis and relapse. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying metastasis is crucial. Exploring alternative measures apart from common procedures is needed to identify new prognostic markers. Similar to previous findings predominantly for other solid tumours, recently published studies demonstrate that circulating tumour cells(CTCs) and disseminated tumour cells(DTCs) might serve as prognostic markers and could supplement routine staging in OSCC. Thus, the detection of CTCs/DTCs is a promising tool todetermine the individual need for therapeutic intervention. Encouraging results and new approaches point to the future use of targeted therapies for OSCC, an exceedingly heterogeneous subgroup of head and neck cancer. This review focuses on summarising technologies currently used to detect CTCs/DTCs. The translational relevance for OSCC is highlighted. The inherent challenges in detecting CTCs/DTCs will be emphasised.展开更多
BACKGROUND The perivascular epithelioid cell tumour(PEComa)family of tumours mainly includes renal and hepatic angiomyolipomas,pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis and clear cell“sugar”tumour of the lung.Several uncom...BACKGROUND The perivascular epithelioid cell tumour(PEComa)family of tumours mainly includes renal and hepatic angiomyolipomas,pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis and clear cell“sugar”tumour of the lung.Several uncommon tumours with similar morphological and immunophenotypical characteristics arising at a variety of sites(abdominal cavity,digestive tract,retroperitoneum,skin,soft tissue and bones)are also included in the PEComa family and are referred to as PEComas not otherwise specified.CASE SUMMARY We present a 37-year-old female patient who underwent resection of an 8.5 cm×8 cm×4 cm retroperitoneal tumour,which eventually was diagnosed as PEComa of uncertain biological behaviour.Three years after the operation,the patient remains without any evidence of recurrence.A search was performed in the Medline and EMBASE databases for articles published between 1996 and 2018,and we identified 31 articles related to retroperitoneal and perinephric PEComas.We focused on sex,age,maximum dimension,histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumour,follow-up and long-term outcome.Thirty-four retroperitoneal(including the present one)and ten perinephric PEComas were identified,carrying a malignant potential rate of 44%and 60%,respectively.Nearly half of the potentially malignant PEComas presented with or developed metastases during the course of the disease.CONCLUSION Retroperitoneal PEComas are not as indolent as they are supposed to be.Radical surgical resection constitutes the treatment of choice for localized disease,while mammalian target of the rapamycin(mTOR)inhibitors constitute the most promising therapy for disseminated disease.The role of mTOR inhibitors as adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapies needs to be evaluated in the future.展开更多
Despite several advances in oncological management of colorectal cancer,morbidity and mortality are still high and devastating.The diagnostic evaluation by endoscopy is cumbersome,which is uncomfortable to many.Becaus...Despite several advances in oncological management of colorectal cancer,morbidity and mortality are still high and devastating.The diagnostic evaluation by endoscopy is cumbersome,which is uncomfortable to many.Because of the intra-and inter-tumour heterogeneity and changing tumour dynamics,which is continuous in nature,the diagnostic biopsy and assessment of the pathological sample are difficult and also not adequate.Late manifestation of the disease and delayed diagnosis may lead to relapse or metastases.One of the keys to improving the outcome is early detection of cancer,ease of technology to detect with uniformity,and its therapeutic implications,which are yet to come."Liquid biopsy"is currently the most recent area of interest in oncology,which may provide important tools regarding the characterization of the primary tumour and its metastasis as cancer cells shed into the bloodstream even at the early stages of the disease.By using this approach,clinicians may be able to find out information about the tumour at a given time.Any of the following three types of sampling of biological material can be used in the"liquid biopsy".These are circulating tumour cells(CTCs),circulating tumour DNA,and exosomes.The most commonly studied amongst the three is CTCs.CTCs with their different applications and prognostic value has been found useful in colorectal cancer detection and therapeutics.In this review,we will discuss various markers for CTCs,the core tools/techniques for detection,and also important findings of clinical studies in colorectal cancer and its clinical implications.展开更多
The process of division, growth and death for tumour cell mass in the early is simulated. An integrated GUI is provided for users to set the value of each parameters, which are cell growth rates, cell mass division ra...The process of division, growth and death for tumour cell mass in the early is simulated. An integrated GUI is provided for users to set the value of each parameters, which are cell growth rates, cell mass division rates, cell mass death rates, simulate type, maximum running time, polarity and cell colour. It can display the growth process of each cell on result GUI. Also, it can display the values of each parameters for observing and analysing in current life cycle on result GUI, which are cell mass division times, cell mass death rate, cell mass division rate and cell mass growth rate. In the process of simulation, The cell growth rate is described by the approach to combine the exponential model with the linear model. In addition, a linked list data structure to store the tumour cells is used by the cellular automata for a reference to determine the position of each cell. It sets up two linked list to store the cells, one of them save the new small division cells and the other one save the big cell. That can make the painting process of cells on result GUI clearer and more organized. At last, the polarity oftumour growth is described for determining the growth direction of cells.展开更多
Objective：Giant cell tumours（GCT） represent one of the most common benign tumours of bone. However, despite its benign nature they are aggressive lesions that have a tendency to recur. This study aims to report exp...Objective：Giant cell tumours（GCT） represent one of the most common benign tumours of bone. However, despite its benign nature they are aggressive lesions that have a tendency to recur. This study aims to report experience with the treatment of GCTs, and reviews the relationship between surgical management and clinical outcome. Methods：A retrospective review was performed with 70 patients （32 males and 38 females） who presented to our institution between 1991 and 2001 with GCT of bone. An evaluation of the oncological and functional results was conducted and patients were divided into three groups according to the treatment method; Group Ⅰ ：（46 patients） intralesional curettage and adjuvant therapy and packing with filling materials. Group Ⅱ ：（18 patients） en-bloc resection and arthrodesis or reconstruction. Group Ⅲ ：（6 patients） amputation. Results：The mean follow-up period was 10 years （range, 5-15 years）. The overall rate of local recurrence was 14%, 22% in Group Ⅰ, and only 4% in Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ. According to the Musculoskeletal Tumour Society（MSTS） score for functional outcome, the mean overall score for Group I was 27.9 （out of 30）, 15.9 for Group Ⅱ. Of note, the 9 patients within Group Ⅱ who received endoprosthetic reconstruction, the mean overall MSTS functional score was 25.5. Conclusion：Intralesional curettage with adjuvant therapies and filling agents is often associated with a relatively high recurrence rate, however joint function is well preserved. Patients with more extensive, biologically aggressive, and/or recurrent tumours are best treated with en-bloc resection.展开更多
Juvenile granulosa cell tumour (JGCT) is very uncommon gynaecological malignancy that occurs mostly commonly in less than five years of age. Only 0.1 percent of all ovarian tumours and 4 - 5 percent of granulosa cell ...Juvenile granulosa cell tumour (JGCT) is very uncommon gynaecological malignancy that occurs mostly commonly in less than five years of age. Only 0.1 percent of all ovarian tumours and 4 - 5 percent of granulosa cell tumours present as JGCT. The most common presentation of these tumours in children is precocious puberty. We describe anaesthetic management of a case of JGCT in a 1-year-old girl. The malignancy is assigned to International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics staging system (FIGO stage I). It was treated with complete excision and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis.展开更多
Germ cell tumours (GCTs) of the ovary are rare, comprising approximately 20% of all ovarian tumors with the malignant variant accounting for less than 5% of all ovarian neoplasms. Malignant mixed germ cell tumours are...Germ cell tumours (GCTs) of the ovary are rare, comprising approximately 20% of all ovarian tumors with the malignant variant accounting for less than 5% of all ovarian neoplasms. Malignant mixed germ cell tumours are rarer still with dysgerminoma & yolk sac tumour being the most common components with three component variants being categorised in the rarest of rare varieties. Bilateral dysgerminomas occur in 15% of germ cell neoplasms but rarely present with premature ovarian failure. We present the case of an adolescent girl with a short history of abdominal pain and distension with amenorrhoea for a year. Clinical and radio ogical examination revealed a pelvic/adnexal mass with elevation of tumour markers and she had to undergo a staging laparotomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histopatholgy examination was reported as malignant mixed germ cell tumour of left ovary, predominantly with immature teratoma and minor components of yolk-sac tumour and dysgerminoma and right ovary with dysgerminoma. In view of mixed germ cell disease, she was planned for adjuvant chemotherapy.展开更多
Granular cell tumors, also called Abrikossoff tumors, are benign, slowly growing neoplasms. They may occur anywhere in the body, but head and neck accounts to 45% - 65% of these cases. The most common site is the tong...Granular cell tumors, also called Abrikossoff tumors, are benign, slowly growing neoplasms. They may occur anywhere in the body, but head and neck accounts to 45% - 65% of these cases. The most common site is the tongue. Larynx is relatively an uncommon location for these tumours, accounting for approximately three to 10 per cent of the reported cases. Laryngeal granular cell tumour is extremely rare accounting for only 19 reported cases under the age of 17 years. As many as 10% of patients experience multifocal synchronous or metachronous tumors. We present a rare case report of granular cell tumour of the larynx.展开更多
Immune response is known to develop against malignant tumours. Malignant tumours express newer antigen on their cell surface membrane which elicit immunological reaction in and around tumoural tissue. In early part of...Immune response is known to develop against malignant tumours. Malignant tumours express newer antigen on their cell surface membrane which elicit immunological reaction in and around tumoural tissue. In early part of immune reaction neutrophil, eosinophil migrates followed by monocyte-macrophage cell. Tumor associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) is believed to play a significant role in the biological behavior of the carcinoma. Eosinophil infiltrate in association with the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have been reviewed from time-to-time. The significance of such an association has been variably thought to be either a potential diagnostic tool for stromal invasion or as a prognostic indicator. The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the possible role of the tumour associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) as a predictive indicator for the grading and establishing prognosis of the upper aerodigestive tract squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).展开更多
Objective: To analyze the relationship between TIGIT and clinical features of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, we use transcriptomic data from the TCGA database, and to investigate the relationship between TIGIT an...Objective: To analyze the relationship between TIGIT and clinical features of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, we use transcriptomic data from the TCGA database, and to investigate the relationship between TIGIT and the immune microenvironment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, to provide a basis for improving the treatment strategy and prognosis of patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Methods: RNA sequencing data and clinical data corresponding to cancer tissues were obtained from the TCGA database for Esophageal carcinoma, Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma tissues, and paraneoplastic tissues;then we analyzed the differences in TIGIT expression in Esophageal carcinoma, Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and normal esophageal tissues;then we analyzed the relationship between TIGIT expression levels and overall survival in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma;finally, we explored the relationship between TIGIT expression levels and overall survival in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. We investigated the relationship between TIGIT and the tumor immune microenvironment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by tumor immune infiltration and functional enrichment analysis. Results: Our study revealed that TIGIT was highly expressed in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and patients with high TIGIT expression had worse overall survival. We also found a close relationship between TIGIT expression levels and the immune microenvironment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, with high TIGIT expression positively correlated with multiple immune cells. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that TIGIT is associated with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma malignancy and is closely linked to the immune microenvironment. Furthermore, high expression of TIGIT often predicts poorer clinical features.展开更多
文摘Currently, breast cancer is the most common malignant tumour in Chinese women with a high incidence rate, and recurrence and metastasis are the main reasons affecting survival. Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSCs) are stem cells capable of continuous regeneration in vivo with strong self-renewal ability and multidirectional differentiation potential, which are highly tumourigenic and insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and are highly susceptible to breast cancer recurrence. Therefore, exploring the stemness of BCSCs and their mechanism associated with recurrence is important for developing new therapeutic strategies, improving therapeutic efficacy, and improving patient prognosis.
基金Supported by a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research(in part)No.23659308JSPS KAKENHI Grantin-Aid for Scientific Research,No.26460688
文摘AIM To analyse the long-term prognostic impact of circulating tumour cells(CTCs) in gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery. METHODS A 7.5-m L peripheral vein blood sample was obtained from each patient with treatment-negative gastric adenocarcinoma before surgery. OBP-401, a telomerasespecific, replication-selective, oncolytic adenoviral agent carrying the green fluorescent protein gene, was used to label CTCs. Correlations between the number of CTCs and clinical end points were evaluated. RESULTS The median follow-up period of the surviving patients with gastric cancer was 60 mo. The CTC number tended to increase concomitantly with disease progression. The overall survival of patients with more than five CTCs in 7.5-m L of peripheral blood was lower than that of patients with five or less CTCs, although the difference was not significant(P = 0.183). A significant difference in relapse-free survival was found between patients with more than five and those with five or less CTCs(P = 0.034).CONCLUSION A lower number of CTCs was correlated with higher relapse-free survival rates in patients. Detection of CTCs using OBP-401 may be useful for predicting prognosis in gastric cancer.
基金Supported by Hamburger Stiftung zur Forderung der KrebsbekampfungNo.188 to Grobe A and Riethdorf SERC Advanced Investigator Grant "DISSECT"(Pantel K),No.269081.
文摘Due to a lack of substantial improvement in the outcome of patients suffering from oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) during the past decades, current staging methods need to be revised. This disease is associated with poor survival rates despite considerable advances in diagnosis and treatment. The early detection of metastases is an important indicator of survival, prognosis and relapse. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying metastasis is crucial. Exploring alternative measures apart from common procedures is needed to identify new prognostic markers. Similar to previous findings predominantly for other solid tumours, recently published studies demonstrate that circulating tumour cells(CTCs) and disseminated tumour cells(DTCs) might serve as prognostic markers and could supplement routine staging in OSCC. Thus, the detection of CTCs/DTCs is a promising tool todetermine the individual need for therapeutic intervention. Encouraging results and new approaches point to the future use of targeted therapies for OSCC, an exceedingly heterogeneous subgroup of head and neck cancer. This review focuses on summarising technologies currently used to detect CTCs/DTCs. The translational relevance for OSCC is highlighted. The inherent challenges in detecting CTCs/DTCs will be emphasised.
文摘BACKGROUND The perivascular epithelioid cell tumour(PEComa)family of tumours mainly includes renal and hepatic angiomyolipomas,pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis and clear cell“sugar”tumour of the lung.Several uncommon tumours with similar morphological and immunophenotypical characteristics arising at a variety of sites(abdominal cavity,digestive tract,retroperitoneum,skin,soft tissue and bones)are also included in the PEComa family and are referred to as PEComas not otherwise specified.CASE SUMMARY We present a 37-year-old female patient who underwent resection of an 8.5 cm×8 cm×4 cm retroperitoneal tumour,which eventually was diagnosed as PEComa of uncertain biological behaviour.Three years after the operation,the patient remains without any evidence of recurrence.A search was performed in the Medline and EMBASE databases for articles published between 1996 and 2018,and we identified 31 articles related to retroperitoneal and perinephric PEComas.We focused on sex,age,maximum dimension,histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumour,follow-up and long-term outcome.Thirty-four retroperitoneal(including the present one)and ten perinephric PEComas were identified,carrying a malignant potential rate of 44%and 60%,respectively.Nearly half of the potentially malignant PEComas presented with or developed metastases during the course of the disease.CONCLUSION Retroperitoneal PEComas are not as indolent as they are supposed to be.Radical surgical resection constitutes the treatment of choice for localized disease,while mammalian target of the rapamycin(mTOR)inhibitors constitute the most promising therapy for disseminated disease.The role of mTOR inhibitors as adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapies needs to be evaluated in the future.
文摘Despite several advances in oncological management of colorectal cancer,morbidity and mortality are still high and devastating.The diagnostic evaluation by endoscopy is cumbersome,which is uncomfortable to many.Because of the intra-and inter-tumour heterogeneity and changing tumour dynamics,which is continuous in nature,the diagnostic biopsy and assessment of the pathological sample are difficult and also not adequate.Late manifestation of the disease and delayed diagnosis may lead to relapse or metastases.One of the keys to improving the outcome is early detection of cancer,ease of technology to detect with uniformity,and its therapeutic implications,which are yet to come."Liquid biopsy"is currently the most recent area of interest in oncology,which may provide important tools regarding the characterization of the primary tumour and its metastasis as cancer cells shed into the bloodstream even at the early stages of the disease.By using this approach,clinicians may be able to find out information about the tumour at a given time.Any of the following three types of sampling of biological material can be used in the"liquid biopsy".These are circulating tumour cells(CTCs),circulating tumour DNA,and exosomes.The most commonly studied amongst the three is CTCs.CTCs with their different applications and prognostic value has been found useful in colorectal cancer detection and therapeutics.In this review,we will discuss various markers for CTCs,the core tools/techniques for detection,and also important findings of clinical studies in colorectal cancer and its clinical implications.
基金Partially Supported by"863"High-tech Research and Development Program(No.2001AA412011)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60174037,No.50275013)+2 种基金Education Office of Liaoning Province(No.LR2013060)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2013020123)Shenyang Science and Technology Plan Project(F14-231-1-20)
文摘The process of division, growth and death for tumour cell mass in the early is simulated. An integrated GUI is provided for users to set the value of each parameters, which are cell growth rates, cell mass division rates, cell mass death rates, simulate type, maximum running time, polarity and cell colour. It can display the growth process of each cell on result GUI. Also, it can display the values of each parameters for observing and analysing in current life cycle on result GUI, which are cell mass division times, cell mass death rate, cell mass division rate and cell mass growth rate. In the process of simulation, The cell growth rate is described by the approach to combine the exponential model with the linear model. In addition, a linked list data structure to store the tumour cells is used by the cellular automata for a reference to determine the position of each cell. It sets up two linked list to store the cells, one of them save the new small division cells and the other one save the big cell. That can make the painting process of cells on result GUI clearer and more organized. At last, the polarity oftumour growth is described for determining the growth direction of cells.
文摘Objective：Giant cell tumours（GCT） represent one of the most common benign tumours of bone. However, despite its benign nature they are aggressive lesions that have a tendency to recur. This study aims to report experience with the treatment of GCTs, and reviews the relationship between surgical management and clinical outcome. Methods：A retrospective review was performed with 70 patients （32 males and 38 females） who presented to our institution between 1991 and 2001 with GCT of bone. An evaluation of the oncological and functional results was conducted and patients were divided into three groups according to the treatment method; Group Ⅰ ：（46 patients） intralesional curettage and adjuvant therapy and packing with filling materials. Group Ⅱ ：（18 patients） en-bloc resection and arthrodesis or reconstruction. Group Ⅲ ：（6 patients） amputation. Results：The mean follow-up period was 10 years （range, 5-15 years）. The overall rate of local recurrence was 14%, 22% in Group Ⅰ, and only 4% in Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ. According to the Musculoskeletal Tumour Society（MSTS） score for functional outcome, the mean overall score for Group I was 27.9 （out of 30）, 15.9 for Group Ⅱ. Of note, the 9 patients within Group Ⅱ who received endoprosthetic reconstruction, the mean overall MSTS functional score was 25.5. Conclusion：Intralesional curettage with adjuvant therapies and filling agents is often associated with a relatively high recurrence rate, however joint function is well preserved. Patients with more extensive, biologically aggressive, and/or recurrent tumours are best treated with en-bloc resection.
文摘Juvenile granulosa cell tumour (JGCT) is very uncommon gynaecological malignancy that occurs mostly commonly in less than five years of age. Only 0.1 percent of all ovarian tumours and 4 - 5 percent of granulosa cell tumours present as JGCT. The most common presentation of these tumours in children is precocious puberty. We describe anaesthetic management of a case of JGCT in a 1-year-old girl. The malignancy is assigned to International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics staging system (FIGO stage I). It was treated with complete excision and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis.
文摘Germ cell tumours (GCTs) of the ovary are rare, comprising approximately 20% of all ovarian tumors with the malignant variant accounting for less than 5% of all ovarian neoplasms. Malignant mixed germ cell tumours are rarer still with dysgerminoma & yolk sac tumour being the most common components with three component variants being categorised in the rarest of rare varieties. Bilateral dysgerminomas occur in 15% of germ cell neoplasms but rarely present with premature ovarian failure. We present the case of an adolescent girl with a short history of abdominal pain and distension with amenorrhoea for a year. Clinical and radio ogical examination revealed a pelvic/adnexal mass with elevation of tumour markers and she had to undergo a staging laparotomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histopatholgy examination was reported as malignant mixed germ cell tumour of left ovary, predominantly with immature teratoma and minor components of yolk-sac tumour and dysgerminoma and right ovary with dysgerminoma. In view of mixed germ cell disease, she was planned for adjuvant chemotherapy.
文摘Granular cell tumors, also called Abrikossoff tumors, are benign, slowly growing neoplasms. They may occur anywhere in the body, but head and neck accounts to 45% - 65% of these cases. The most common site is the tongue. Larynx is relatively an uncommon location for these tumours, accounting for approximately three to 10 per cent of the reported cases. Laryngeal granular cell tumour is extremely rare accounting for only 19 reported cases under the age of 17 years. As many as 10% of patients experience multifocal synchronous or metachronous tumors. We present a rare case report of granular cell tumour of the larynx.
文摘Immune response is known to develop against malignant tumours. Malignant tumours express newer antigen on their cell surface membrane which elicit immunological reaction in and around tumoural tissue. In early part of immune reaction neutrophil, eosinophil migrates followed by monocyte-macrophage cell. Tumor associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) is believed to play a significant role in the biological behavior of the carcinoma. Eosinophil infiltrate in association with the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have been reviewed from time-to-time. The significance of such an association has been variably thought to be either a potential diagnostic tool for stromal invasion or as a prognostic indicator. The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the possible role of the tumour associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) as a predictive indicator for the grading and establishing prognosis of the upper aerodigestive tract squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
文摘Objective: To analyze the relationship between TIGIT and clinical features of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, we use transcriptomic data from the TCGA database, and to investigate the relationship between TIGIT and the immune microenvironment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, to provide a basis for improving the treatment strategy and prognosis of patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Methods: RNA sequencing data and clinical data corresponding to cancer tissues were obtained from the TCGA database for Esophageal carcinoma, Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma tissues, and paraneoplastic tissues;then we analyzed the differences in TIGIT expression in Esophageal carcinoma, Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and normal esophageal tissues;then we analyzed the relationship between TIGIT expression levels and overall survival in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma;finally, we explored the relationship between TIGIT expression levels and overall survival in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. We investigated the relationship between TIGIT and the tumor immune microenvironment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by tumor immune infiltration and functional enrichment analysis. Results: Our study revealed that TIGIT was highly expressed in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and patients with high TIGIT expression had worse overall survival. We also found a close relationship between TIGIT expression levels and the immune microenvironment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, with high TIGIT expression positively correlated with multiple immune cells. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that TIGIT is associated with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma malignancy and is closely linked to the immune microenvironment. Furthermore, high expression of TIGIT often predicts poorer clinical features.
