In this paper the effect of gasoline formulations on fuel economy and emissions were studied,aiming at exploring the optimized fuel formulation that can alleviate energy crisis and greenhouse effect to some extent.Fiv...In this paper the effect of gasoline formulations on fuel economy and emissions were studied,aiming at exploring the optimized fuel formulation that can alleviate energy crisis and greenhouse effect to some extent.Five gasoline blends with same research octane number(RON)were designed and tested on a calibrated gasoline direct injection(GDI)engine under the mapped characteristic conditions.Test results illustrate that the optimized fuel formulation shows good superiority in fuel economy,and reduces carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions at low engine speeds with medium loads.The brake-specific fuel consumption(BSFC)decreased by a maximum value of 3.26%mainly because of the improvement of combustion velocity and the optimization of low heating value.The optimized fuel formulation simultaneously increases total hydrocarbon(THC)emissions.Nevertheless,it also markedly reduces CO2 emissions,reaching the maximum value of 2.34%.The research results can be applied practically by refineries to reduce the CO2 emissions and to alleviate the greenhouse effect.展开更多
通过一款涡轮增压汽油直喷(gasoline direct injection,GDI)发动机低压废气再循环(exhaust gas recirculation,EGR)的试验,研究了EGR率和点火提前角的综合作用对增压GDI发动机的燃烧、缸压、排放和油耗等方面的影响。结果表明,在GDI增...通过一款涡轮增压汽油直喷(gasoline direct injection,GDI)发动机低压废气再循环(exhaust gas recirculation,EGR)的试验,研究了EGR率和点火提前角的综合作用对增压GDI发动机的燃烧、缸压、排放和油耗等方面的影响。结果表明,在GDI增压发动机中加入EGR后,由于废气的稀释和热容作用,使缸内燃烧持续期增大,排气温度下降,燃烧相位也发生了改变。这对发动机外特性的有利影响是油耗减少,CO和NO_x排放也明显减少;不利影响是EGR的加入提高了增压发动机的排气压力,导致泵气损失增加。此外,总碳氢(total hydro carbons,THC)排放也有所增加。在GDI增压汽油机中使用EGR系统并配合点火角的调节能够有效提高热效率,降低NO_x排放。展开更多
缸内直喷汽油机(gasoline direct injection,GDI)的颗粒物排放问题越来越引起人们的重视。为解析GDI汽油机缸内碳烟生成机理,文中提出了一种改进的两步法碳烟模型,将该模型应用于Kiva-Chemkin软件中,对一款典型GDI汽油机的喷雾碰壁、混...缸内直喷汽油机(gasoline direct injection,GDI)的颗粒物排放问题越来越引起人们的重视。为解析GDI汽油机缸内碳烟生成机理,文中提出了一种改进的两步法碳烟模型,将该模型应用于Kiva-Chemkin软件中,对一款典型GDI汽油机的喷雾碰壁、混合气形成、燃烧和碳烟生成过程进行了三维计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟。结果表明,GDI汽油机的碳烟主要源于缸内油气混合不均、壁面油膜的燃烧即池火燃烧。在均质混合气工作模式下,增加喷油提前角可使燃油雾化更好、油气混合均匀,从而降低碳烟生成。但如果喷油提前角过大,会导致喷雾碰壁,引起碳烟生成量急剧增加。在分层混合气工作模式下,碳烟主要来源于局部浓区。过早喷油不利于产生喷雾诱导的滚流,不利于油气均匀混合,会产生局部燃油浓区,从而导致缸内碳烟生成量较高。结果表明,文中提出的碳烟模型可较好地预测缸内碳烟生产过程。展开更多
汽油直喷(Gasoline direct injection,GDI)喷油器性能受温升影响较大,限制了发动机电子控制单元(Electronic control unit,ECU)对其喷油量的控制精度。针对GDI喷油器电、磁、热子系统之间的耦合关系,建立了耦合过程的物理模型,通过研究...汽油直喷(Gasoline direct injection,GDI)喷油器性能受温升影响较大,限制了发动机电子控制单元(Electronic control unit,ECU)对其喷油量的控制精度。针对GDI喷油器电、磁、热子系统之间的耦合关系,建立了耦合过程的物理模型,通过研究GDI喷油器工作过程中能量损耗及转化关系,揭示了电磁转化过程中产生的损耗是造成喷油器本体温升的主要原因。以电磁转化过程中能量损耗为热源,以热辐射和热传导基本理论为依据,利用ANSYS有限元软件对GDI喷油器温度场进行仿真分析,并进行了试验验证,分析了GDI喷油器本体温度场分布特点以及温升变化对喷油器性能的影响规律。结果表明,线圈和铁芯部分的温升较高,随温度升高GDI喷油器动态响应时间延长、喷油量减少,且温升受保持电流和保持脉宽的影响较大。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0306505)supported by the Sinopec Group and the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing.
文摘In this paper the effect of gasoline formulations on fuel economy and emissions were studied,aiming at exploring the optimized fuel formulation that can alleviate energy crisis and greenhouse effect to some extent.Five gasoline blends with same research octane number(RON)were designed and tested on a calibrated gasoline direct injection(GDI)engine under the mapped characteristic conditions.Test results illustrate that the optimized fuel formulation shows good superiority in fuel economy,and reduces carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions at low engine speeds with medium loads.The brake-specific fuel consumption(BSFC)decreased by a maximum value of 3.26%mainly because of the improvement of combustion velocity and the optimization of low heating value.The optimized fuel formulation simultaneously increases total hydrocarbon(THC)emissions.Nevertheless,it also markedly reduces CO2 emissions,reaching the maximum value of 2.34%.The research results can be applied practically by refineries to reduce the CO2 emissions and to alleviate the greenhouse effect.
文摘通过一款涡轮增压汽油直喷(gasoline direct injection,GDI)发动机低压废气再循环(exhaust gas recirculation,EGR)的试验,研究了EGR率和点火提前角的综合作用对增压GDI发动机的燃烧、缸压、排放和油耗等方面的影响。结果表明,在GDI增压发动机中加入EGR后,由于废气的稀释和热容作用,使缸内燃烧持续期增大,排气温度下降,燃烧相位也发生了改变。这对发动机外特性的有利影响是油耗减少,CO和NO_x排放也明显减少;不利影响是EGR的加入提高了增压发动机的排气压力,导致泵气损失增加。此外,总碳氢(total hydro carbons,THC)排放也有所增加。在GDI增压汽油机中使用EGR系统并配合点火角的调节能够有效提高热效率,降低NO_x排放。
文摘缸内直喷汽油机(gasoline direct injection,GDI)的颗粒物排放问题越来越引起人们的重视。为解析GDI汽油机缸内碳烟生成机理,文中提出了一种改进的两步法碳烟模型,将该模型应用于Kiva-Chemkin软件中,对一款典型GDI汽油机的喷雾碰壁、混合气形成、燃烧和碳烟生成过程进行了三维计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟。结果表明,GDI汽油机的碳烟主要源于缸内油气混合不均、壁面油膜的燃烧即池火燃烧。在均质混合气工作模式下,增加喷油提前角可使燃油雾化更好、油气混合均匀,从而降低碳烟生成。但如果喷油提前角过大,会导致喷雾碰壁,引起碳烟生成量急剧增加。在分层混合气工作模式下,碳烟主要来源于局部浓区。过早喷油不利于产生喷雾诱导的滚流,不利于油气均匀混合,会产生局部燃油浓区,从而导致缸内碳烟生成量较高。结果表明,文中提出的碳烟模型可较好地预测缸内碳烟生产过程。
文摘汽油直喷(Gasoline direct injection,GDI)喷油器性能受温升影响较大,限制了发动机电子控制单元(Electronic control unit,ECU)对其喷油量的控制精度。针对GDI喷油器电、磁、热子系统之间的耦合关系,建立了耦合过程的物理模型,通过研究GDI喷油器工作过程中能量损耗及转化关系,揭示了电磁转化过程中产生的损耗是造成喷油器本体温升的主要原因。以电磁转化过程中能量损耗为热源,以热辐射和热传导基本理论为依据,利用ANSYS有限元软件对GDI喷油器温度场进行仿真分析,并进行了试验验证,分析了GDI喷油器本体温度场分布特点以及温升变化对喷油器性能的影响规律。结果表明,线圈和铁芯部分的温升较高,随温度升高GDI喷油器动态响应时间延长、喷油量减少,且温升受保持电流和保持脉宽的影响较大。
