英语及物性短语动词认知语义构建--以turn on为个案

文章从认知角度对及物性短语动词turn on进行个案分析,探讨了及物性短语动词在语义、结构、语义和结构关系方面的特点。研究发现,及物性短语动词具有可分析性,实义动词和副词小品词都为整个短语动词的意义作出贡献,二者的配价关系使短语动词具有使役性意义。短语动词中的名词性词组和副词小品词都是实义动词的补足语,二者的位置相对灵活,体现了不同的合成路径,因而产生出不同的意义。

Assessing the Effects of Indirect Left Turn on a Signalized Intersection Performance: A Case Study for the Tehran Metropolitan Area

Many signalized intersections are characterized with frequent left-turn moves. Vehicles waiting for a protected left turn may form long queues, which will increase the intersection delay and negatively impact the network performance. Researchers and practitioners across various countries underline that access management leads to a smoother traffic flow. One way of access management at intersections is to eliminate the direct left-turn maneuver. This study aims to evaluate how the traffic conditions will be affected from replacing the direct left turn with the right-turn U-turn maneuver at intersections. In case of the right-turn U-turn maneuver, a vehicle turns right instead of making the left turn and travels either to the median opening or to the next intersection to make a U-turn. Two simulation models are built using the Synchro Studio and Aimsun simulation software packages based on the data, collected from one of the busiest intersections in Tehran (Iran), to quantify the effects of replacing the direct left turn with the right-turn U-turn maneuver on the intersection and network performance. Results of a comprehensive simulation analysis indicate that the proposed access management treatment not only significantly reduces the total vehicle queue length and the total delay at the considered intersection, but also decreases the total network delay and the total travel time. Furthermore, elimination of the direct left turn increases the number of vehicles entering the network.

汽车交流发电机“Turn on Speed”的探讨

在许多国外企业的标准中,"turn on speed"是汽车交流发电机的一项重要技术指标,但目前在我国标准中没有这项指标。笔者对这项技术指标的含义、翻译及测试方法阐述自己的看法。

Case Retrieval Strategy of Turning Process Based on Grey Relational Analysis

To solve the problem of long response time when users obtain suitable cutting parameters through the Internet based platform,a case-based reasoning framework is proposed.Specifically,a Hamming distance and Euclidean distance combined method is designed to measure the similarity of case features which have both numeric and category properties.In addition,AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)and entropy weight method are integrated to provide features weight,where both user preferences and comprehensive impact of the index have been concerned.Grey relation analysis is used to obtain the similarity of a new problem and alternative cases.Finally,a platform is also developed on Visual Studio 2015,and a case study is demonstrated to verify the practicality and efficiency of the proposed method.This method can obtain cutting parameters which is suitable without iterative calculation.Compared with the traditional PSO(Particle swarm optimization algorithm)and GA(Genetic algorithm),it can obtain faster response speed.This method can provide ideas for selecting processing parameters in industrial production.While guaranteeing the characteristic information is similar,this approach can select processing parameters which is the most appropriate for the production process and a lot of time can be saved.

Analysis on the turning point of dynamic in-plane compressive strength for a plain weave composite

Experimental investigations on dynamic in-plane compressive behavior of a plain weave composite were performed using the split Hopkinson pressure bar. A quantitative criterion for calculating the constant strain rate of composites was established. Then the upper limit of strain rate, restricted by stress equilibrium and constant loading rate, was rationally estimated and confirmed by tests. Within the achievable range of 0.001/s-895/s, it was found that the strength increased first and subsequently decreased as the strain rate increased. This feature was also reflected by the turning point(579/s) of the bilinear model for strength prediction. The transition in failure mechanism, from local opening damage to completely splitting destruction, was mainly responsible for such strain rate effects. And three major failure modes were summarized under microscopic observations: fiber fracture, inter-fiber fracture, and interface delamination. Finally, by introducing a nonlinear damage variable, a simplified ZWT model was developed to characterize the dynamic mechanical response. Excellent agreement was shown between the experimental and simulated results.

High-sensitive state perception method for inverter-fed machine turn insulation based on FrFT-Mel

Amidst the swift advancement of new power systems and electric vehicles,inverter-fed machines have progressively materialized as a pivotal apparatus for efficient energy conversion.Stator winding turn insulation failure is the root cause of inverter-fed machine breakdown.The online monitoring of turn insulation health can detect potential safety risks promptly,but faces the challenge of weak characteristics of turn insulation degradation.This study proposes an innovative method to evaluate the turn insulation state of inverter-fed machines by utilizing the fractional Fourier transform with a Mel filter(FrFT-Mel).First,the sensitivity of the high-frequency(HF)switching oscillation current to variations in turn insulation was analyzed within the fractional domain.Subsequently,an improved Mel filter is introduced,and its structure and parameters are specifically designed based on the features intrinsic to the common-mode impedance resonance point of the electrical machine.Finally,an evaluation index was proposed for the turn insulation state of inverter-fed machines.Experimental results on a 3kW permanent magnet synchronous machine(PMSM)demonstrate that the proposed FrFT-Mel method significantly enhances the sensitivity of turn insulation state perception by approximately five times,compared to the traditional Fourier transform method.

A Workable Solution for Reducing the Large Number of Vehicle and Pedestrian Accidents Occurring on a Yellow Light

Traffic intersections are incredibly dangerous for drivers and pedestrians. Statistics from both Canada and the U.S. show a high number of fatalities and serious injuries related to crashes at intersections. In Canada, during 2019, the National Collision Database shows that 28% of traffic fatalities and 42% of serious injuries occurred at intersections. Likewise, the U.S. National Highway Traffic Administration (NHTSA) found that about 40% of the estimated 5,811,000 accidents in the U.S. during the year studied were intersection-related crashes. In fact, a major survey by the car insurance industry found that nearly 85% of drivers could not identify the correct action to take when approaching a yellow traffic light at an intersection. One major reason for these accidents is the “yellow light dilemma,” the ambiguous situation where a driver should stop or proceed forward when unexpectedly faced with a yellow light. This situation is even further exacerbated by the tendency of aggressive drivers to inappropriately speed up on the yellow just to get through the traffic light. A survey of Canadian drivers conducted by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation found that 9% of drivers admitted to speeding up to get through a traffic light. Another reason for these accidents is the increased danger of making a left-hand turn on yellow. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Association (NHTSA), left turns occur in approximately 22.2% of collisions—as opposed to just 1.2% for right turns. Moreover, a study by CNN found left turns are three times as likely to kill pedestrians than right turns. The reason left turns are so much more likely to cause an accident is because they take a driver against traffic and in the path of oncoming cars. Additionally, most of these left turns occur at the driver’s discretion—as opposed to the distressingly brief left-hand arrow at busy intersections. Drive Safe Now proposes a workable solution for reducing the number of accidents occurring during a yellow light at intersections. We believe this fairly simple solution will save lives, prevent injuries, reduce damage to public and private property, and decrease insurance costs.

Integral Event-Triggered Attack-Resilient Control of Aircraft-on-Ground Synergistic Turning System With Uncertain Tire Cornering Stiffness

This article proposes an integral-based event-triggered attack-resilient control method for the aircraft-on-ground(AoG) synergistic turning system with uncertain tire cornering stiffness under stochastic deception attacks. First, a novel AoG synergistic turning model is established with synergistic reverse steering of the front and main wheels to decrease the steering angle of the AoG fuselage, thus reducing the steady-state error when it follows a path with some large curvature. Considering that the tire cornering stiffness of the front and main wheels vary during steering, a dynamical observer is designed to adaptively identify them and estimate the system state at the same time.Then, an integral-based event-triggered mechanism(I-ETM) is synthesized to reduce the transmission frequency at the observerto-controller end, where stochastic deception attacks may occur at any time with a stochastic probability. Moreover, an attackresilient controller is designed to guarantee that the closed-loop system is robust L2-stable under stochastic attacks and external disturbances. A co-design method is provided to get feasible solutions for the observer, controller, and I-ETM simultaneously. An optimization program is further presented to make a tradeoff between the robustness of the control scheme and the saving of communication resources. Finally, the low-and high-probability stochastic deception attacks are considered in the simulations. The results have illustrated that the AoG synergistic turning system with the proposed control method follows a path with some large curvature well under stochastic deception attacks. Furthermore,compared with the static event-triggered mechanisms, the proposed I-ETM has demonstrated its superiority in saving communication resources.

Technique for Multi-Pass Turning Optimization Based on Gaussian Quantum-Behaved Bat Algorithm

The multi-pass turning operation is one of the most commonly used machining methods in manufacturing field.The main objective of this operation is to minimize the unit production cost.This paper proposes a Gaussian quantum-behaved bat algorithm(GQBA)to solve the problem of multi-pass turning operation.The proposed algorithm mainly includes the following two improvements.The first improvement is to incorporate the current optimal positions of quantum bats and the global best position into the stochastic attractor to facilitate population diversification.The second improvement is to use a Gaussian distribution instead of the uniform distribution to update the positions of the quantum-behaved bats,thus performing a more accurate search and avoiding premature convergence.The performance of the presented GQBA is demonstrated through numerical benchmark functions and amulti-pass turning operation problem.Thirteen classical benchmark functions are utilized in the comparison experiments,and the experimental results for accuracy and convergence speed demonstrate that,in most cases,the GQBA can provide a better search capability than other algorithms.Furthermore,GQBA is applied to an optimization problem formulti-pass turning,which is designed tominimize the production cost while considering many practical machining constraints in the machining process.The experimental results indicate that the GQBA outperforms other comparison algorithms in terms of cost reduction,which proves the effectiveness of the GQBA.

A theoretical and deep learning hybrid model for predicting surface roughness of diamond-turned polycrystalline materials

Polycrystalline materials are extensively employed in industry.Its surface roughness significantly affects the working performance.Material defects,particularly grain boundaries,have a great impact on the achieved surface roughness of polycrystalline materials.However,it is difficult to establish a purely theoretical model for surface roughness with consideration of the grain boundary effect using conventional analytical methods.In this work,a theoretical and deep learning hybrid model for predicting the surface roughness of diamond-turned polycrystalline materials is proposed.The kinematic–dynamic roughness component in relation to the tool profile duplication effect,work material plastic side flow,relative vibration between the diamond tool and workpiece,etc,is theoretically calculated.The material-defect roughness component is modeled with a cascade forward neural network.In the neural network,the ratio of maximum undeformed chip thickness to cutting edge radius RT S,work material properties(misorientation angle θ_(g) and grain size d_(g)),and spindle rotation speed n s are configured as input variables.The material-defect roughness component is set as the output variable.To validate the developed model,polycrystalline copper with a gradient distribution of grains prepared by friction stir processing is machined with various processing parameters and different diamond tools.Compared with the previously developed model,obvious improvement in the prediction accuracy is observed with this hybrid prediction model.Based on this model,the influences of different factors on the surface roughness of polycrystalline materials are discussed.The influencing mechanism of the misorientation angle and grain size is quantitatively analyzed.Two fracture modes,including transcrystalline and intercrystalline fractures at different RTS values,are observed.Meanwhile,optimal processing parameters are obtained with a simulated annealing algorithm.Cutting experiments are performed with the optimal parameters,and a flat surface finish with Sa 1.314 nm is finally achieved.The developed model and corresponding new findings in this work are beneficial for accurately predicting the surface roughness of polycrystalline materials and understanding the impacting mechanism of material defects in diamond turning.

Status of research on non-conventional technology assisted single-point diamond turning

With the increasing use of difficult-to-machine materials in aerospace applications,machining requirements are becoming ever more rigorous.However,traditional single-point diamond turning(SPDT)can cause surface damage and tool wear.Thus,it is difficult for SPDT to meet the processing requirements,and it has significant limitations.Research indicates that supplementing SPDT with unconventional techniques can,importantly,solve problems due to the high cutting forces and poor surface quality for difficult-to-machine materials.This paper first introduces SPDT and reviews research into unconventional techniques for use with SPDT.The machining mechanism is discussed,and the main advantages and disadvantages of various methods are investigated.Second,hybrid SPDT is briefly described,which encompasses ultrasonic-vibration magnetic-field SPDT,ultrasonic-vibration laser SPDT,and ultrasonic-vibration cold-plasma SPDT.Compared with the traditional SPDT method,hybrid SPDT produces a better optical surface quality.The current status of research into unconventional techniques to supplement SPDT is then summarized.Finally,future development trends and the application prospects of unconventional assisted SPDT are discussed.

Design of a coated thinly clad chalcogenide long-period fiber grating refractive index sensor based on dual-peak resonance near the phase matching turning point

A novel method for designing chalcogenide long-period fiber grating(LPFG) sensors based on the dual-peak resonance effect of the LPFG near the phase matching turning point(PMTP) is presented. Refractive index sensing in a high-refractive-index chalcogenide fiber is achieved with a coated thinly clad film. The dual-peak resonant characteristics near the PMTP and the refractive index sensing properties of the LPFG are analyzed first by the phase-matching condition of the LPFG. The effects of film parameters and cladding radius on the sensitivity of refractive index sensing are further discussed. The sensor is optimized by selecting the appropriate film parameters and cladding radius. Simulation results show that the ambient refractive index sensitivity of a dual-peak coated thinly clad chalcogenide LPFG at the PMTP can be 2400 nm/RIU, which is significantly higher than that of non-optimized gratings. It has great application potential in the field of chemical sensing and biosensors.

Ecological Economic Analysis of the Ecological Turn in the Development of Modern Civilization

During the primitive civilization and agricultural civilization periods,the functions and structures of various elements within the ecological and economic system were able to develop synergistically.But humans were always passive in the face of nature and cannot yet break free from its constraints and oppression.During the period of industrial civilization,the contradiction between the unlimited expansion of economic system demand and the relative reduction of ecosystem supply became increasingly severe.Its development model had obvious non ecological economic characteristics,which posed a great threat to the sustainable development of human society.The ecological turn in the development of human civilization is an inevitable trend,and the gradual replacement of industrial civilization by ecological civilization will become an objective fact.Ecological civilization has overcome the non ecological economic nature of industrial civilization and established an ecological economic operation mode that promotes and transforms economic and ecological systems in both directions.It has achieved a perfect combination of ecological operation of social and economic systems and economic operation of natural ecosystems,and harmonious,coordinated,and win-win development of economic society and natural ecology.

DE-DOLLARIZATION IS TRENDING AND THERE'S NO TURNING BACK

The U.S.dollar has long stood tall as the pre-eminent global currency for international cross-border trade settlements and foreign exchange reserves ever since the launch of the Bretton Woods institutions-International Monetary Fund(IMF)and World Bank(WB).

Development and Evaluation of Intersection-Based Turning Movement Counts Framework Using Two Channel LiDAR Sensors

This paper presents vehicle localization and tracking methodology to utilize two-channel LiDAR data for turning movement counts. The proposed methodology uniquely integrates a K-means clustering technique, an inverse sensor model, and a Kalman filter to obtain the final trajectories of an individual vehicle. The objective of applying K-means clustering is to robustly differentiate LiDAR data generated by pedestrians and multiple vehicles to identify their presence in the LiDAR’s field of view (FOV). To localize the detected vehicle, an inverse sensor model was used to calculate the accurate location of the vehicles in the LiDAR’s FOV with a known LiDAR position. A constant velocity model based Kalman filter is defined to utilize the localized vehicle information to construct its trajectory by combining LiDAR data from the consecutive scanning cycles. To test the accuracy of the proposed methodology, the turning movement data was collected from busy intersections located in Newark, NJ. The results show that the proposed method can effectively develop the trajectories of the turning vehicles at the intersections and has an average accuracy of 83.8%. Obtained R-squared value for localizing the vehicles ranges from 0.87 to 0.89. To measure the accuracy of the proposed method, it is compared with previously developed methods that focused on the application of multiple-channel LiDARs. The comparison shows that the proposed methodology utilizes two-channel LiDAR data effectively which has a low resolution of data cluster and can achieve acceptable accuracy compared to multiple-channel LiDARs and therefore can be used as a cost-effective measure for large-scale data collection of smart cities.

Design study of charge-stripping scheme of heavy ion beams for HIAF-BRing

Charge strippers play an essential role in heavy-ion accelerators by stripping the projectile ions to higher charge states to enhance the acceleration efficiency downstream of the stripper.In the high-energy mode of the booster ring(BRing)of the high-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility,the pre-accelerated ions from the iLinac will be stripped by a carbon foil to higher charge states and then injected into the BRing.The key parameters of the stripper and stripped ions were calculated,and the influence of stripping on the beam quality was discussed.To get high stripping efficiencies,the foil thicknesses and resultant charge state distributions for the typical ions were determined by the code ETACHA.The equilibrium thickness was obtained for the U beam,while the stripper thicknesses for the Xe and Kr beams were determined based on a compromise between the stripped charge states and the stripping efficiency.The energy loss,energy straggling,and emittance growth due to stripping have a non-negligible impact on the transport of the stripped beams and the injection of the ring.Therefore,these parameters were simulated by GEANT4.In addition,the foil’s temperature evolution,which greatly affects the foil lifetime,was simulated by ANSYS.The maximum temperature of the foil bombarded by the U and Xe beams with the nominal parameters will exceed the safe value in terms of the impact of evaporation on the foil’s lifetime.Given the foil temperature constraint,the highest tolerable beam intensity and the injected ion number into the ring were derived for different beam sizes.The results of this paper will present important reference data for the optimization design and commissioning of the beamline and injection to the BRing for the stripped ions.

Analyzing the Effects of Tool Holder Stiffness on Chatter Vibration Reduction in Turning

This paper investigates the effects of tool holder materials on chatter vibration in turning operations.The study uses a complex dynamic turning model with two degrees of freedom for the orthogonal cutting system.Tool holders made from different materials,including Al 5083,Al 6082,Al 7012,and a standard 4140 material,were subjected to chatter vibration to investigate their process damping capabilities.The study found that the standard tool holder 4140 allows for higher stable depths of cut and produces similar process damping values compared to the other tool holders.Finite element analyses(FEA)were performed to verify the experimental results,and the modal and FEA analyses produced very similar results.The study concludes that future research should investigate the effects of tool holders made from high alloy steel alloys on process damping.Overall,this paper provides important insights into the effects of tool hold-er materials on chatter vibration and process damping in turning operations,which can help in the design of more effi-cient and effective cutting systems.

Analysis and Prediction of Effect of Turning Marks Diffraction on Image Quality of Optical System

Single-point diamond turning (SPDT) is widely used in the machining of infrared materials and metal-based mirrors. Diamond tips can scratch material, replicate the shape of the tip, and create annular turning marks on optical surfaces, which can have unpredictable adverse effects on imaging. In order to predict the effect of turning marks diffraction on the degradation of imaging quality, a model of the influence of SPDT processing parameters on the reduction of system imaging MTF under the influence of ideal grating turning marks diffraction was established. The results show that the depth of the turning mark will lead to the decline of MTF, especially the low frequency information. Finally, a method is proposed to reduce the effect of turning marks diffraction through changing the processing parameters. .

DER SPATIAL TURN IN DEN KLASSISCHEN ALTERTUMSWISSENSCHAFTEN(UND SPEZIELL IN DER EPIGRAPHIK)

Since the 1990s the so-called spatial turn has brought back space and topography into the discussion within historical studies,particular ancient studies.This survey reviews current trends and developments within the field and offers some perspectives on possible future developments related to space,material,objects,their agency,and frames.

Stress response silencing by an E3 ligase mutated in neurodegeneration

Stress response pathways detect and alleviate adverse conditions to safeguard cell and tissue homeostasis,yet their prolonged activation induces apoptosis and disrupts organismal health1-3.How stress responses are turned off at the right time and place remains poorly understood.Here we report a ubiquitin-dependent mechanism that silences the cellular response to mitochondrial protein import stress.