The Twentieth Century Reanalysis （20thCR） dataset released in 2010 covers the period 1871-2010 and is one of the longest reanalysis datasets available worldwide. Using ERA-40, ERA-Interim and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis da...The Twentieth Century Reanalysis （20thCR） dataset released in 2010 covers the period 1871-2010 and is one of the longest reanalysis datasets available worldwide. Using ERA-40, ERA-Interim and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, as well as HadSLP2 data and meteorological temperature records over eastern China, the performances of 20thCR in reproducing the spatial patterns and temporal variability of the East Asian winter monsoon （EAWM） are examined. Results indicate that 20thCR data： （1） can accurately reproduce the most typical configuration patterns of all sub-factors differences in the main circulation fields over East Asia involved in the EAWM system, albeit with some in comparison to ERA-40 reanalysis data; （2） is reliable and stable in describing the temporal variability of EAWM since the 1930s; and （3） can describe the high-frequency variability of EAWM better than the low-frequency fluctuations, especially in the early period. In conclusion, caution should be taken when using 20thCR data to study interdecadal variabilities or long-term trends of the EAWM, especially prior to the 1930s.展开更多
The study of the relationship of climate and indoor thermal environments in architecture is essential to understand the inhabitants＇ sensory perception. This is even more relevant when working in the existing housing...The study of the relationship of climate and indoor thermal environments in architecture is essential to understand the inhabitants＇ sensory perception. This is even more relevant when working in the existing housing stock in view of the new challenges posed by the conservation of the 20th century architectural heritage and the adaption of these buildings to our current comfort and environmental criteria. This article aims to develop a balanced understanding of the approach of Modernist architecture to climate, indoor atmospheres and inhabitants＇ thermal comfort. To do so, we complement the quantitative approach of environmental assessment methods with the qualitative angle of the history of sensory and architecture. The goal is to understand the environmental performance of architecture for dealing nowadays with thermal comfort issues while respecting its cultural and historical values. Two modernist houses have been selected as case studies： the Villa Curutchet of the master Le Corbusier and the Villa Chupin of his discipte Andr Wogenscky. As a result, the article reveals potentialities and constraints in terms of thermal comfort when working with Modern Architecture.展开更多
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology(Grant No.2013-KF-05)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant Nos.2012CB955401 and 2010CB428506)supported by the project"Reconstruction and Observation of Components for the Southern and NorthernAnnular Mode to Investigate the Cause of Polar Climate Change"(PE13010)of the Korea Polar Research Institute
文摘The Twentieth Century Reanalysis （20thCR） dataset released in 2010 covers the period 1871-2010 and is one of the longest reanalysis datasets available worldwide. Using ERA-40, ERA-Interim and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, as well as HadSLP2 data and meteorological temperature records over eastern China, the performances of 20thCR in reproducing the spatial patterns and temporal variability of the East Asian winter monsoon （EAWM） are examined. Results indicate that 20thCR data： （1） can accurately reproduce the most typical configuration patterns of all sub-factors differences in the main circulation fields over East Asia involved in the EAWM system, albeit with some in comparison to ERA-40 reanalysis data; （2） is reliable and stable in describing the temporal variability of EAWM since the 1930s; and （3） can describe the high-frequency variability of EAWM better than the low-frequency fluctuations, especially in the early period. In conclusion, caution should be taken when using 20thCR data to study interdecadal variabilities or long-term trends of the EAWM, especially prior to the 1930s.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China[grant number 2017YFA0603802]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 41661144005,41320104007,and 41575086]the CAS-PKU(Chinese Academy of Sciences-Peking University) Joint Research Program
文摘The study of the relationship of climate and indoor thermal environments in architecture is essential to understand the inhabitants＇ sensory perception. This is even more relevant when working in the existing housing stock in view of the new challenges posed by the conservation of the 20th century architectural heritage and the adaption of these buildings to our current comfort and environmental criteria. This article aims to develop a balanced understanding of the approach of Modernist architecture to climate, indoor atmospheres and inhabitants＇ thermal comfort. To do so, we complement the quantitative approach of environmental assessment methods with the qualitative angle of the history of sensory and architecture. The goal is to understand the environmental performance of architecture for dealing nowadays with thermal comfort issues while respecting its cultural and historical values. Two modernist houses have been selected as case studies： the Villa Curutchet of the master Le Corbusier and the Villa Chupin of his discipte Andr Wogenscky. As a result, the article reveals potentialities and constraints in terms of thermal comfort when working with Modern Architecture.
