Environmental Issues of Geothermal Development in Yangbajing, Tibet and the Countermeasures

The pollution source and pollution state of surface water is respectively assessed with equal-standard-pollution-load index and Nemero index, and the habitans' health is assessed as well by comparison with pre-development of geo-thermal field. Results show that: 1) Three pollutive factors obviously fail to attain the required standards and their order sorted by impact degree is As>F- >S2-. 2) The Nemero index of Donggua cross section of Duilongqu River is 0. 725 and the water quality is at mildly-polluted level. 3) In Lhasa River, the Nemero indexes of cross sections affected by geo-thermal fields are much higher than that of the unaffected one, which shows the present and potential impacts of geo-thermal development. 4) Much more inhabitants nearby got trichomadesis sickness after geothermal development, which shows that the surface water pollution in this area has threatened the inhabitants' health. In addition, other environmental issues caused by Yangbajing geothermal development are analyzed and some countermeasures are proposed.

A Study on the Counter Measures for Eco-friendly Land Use Model in Mountainous Area——a Case of Qianjiang District of Chongqing Municipality

Accompanying the development of social economy,the land use model of mountainous area,typically eco-weak area,is changing gradually. Here the establishment of eco-friendly land use model in mountainous area,will pioneer the model of sustainable development in that area. Concerning Qianjiang District of Chongqing Municipality,huge change of land use model,mainly embodied in the unceasing increase of construction land and gradual decrease of agricultural use land,has taken place in recent years. To explore the eco-friendly land use model in mountainous area,Qianjiang District was chosen as the study object in the present study. Via analyzing the changes in land use model,we found that related eco-environment restrictive factors mainly regional climatic change,soil texture,hydrological environment as well as soil erosion and land degradation,etc. And based on these results,we further analyzed the effect of land use change on eco-environment and the factors restricting the maintenance of eco-environment and regional development,finally put forward the counter measures for balancing land use and co-environment in mountainous area. The results will be important for the development of social economy and eco-system construction in Qianjiang District.

The Opening of China's Securities: Challenge, Opportunities and Counter Measures

No matter what is the outcome,as long as China is linked with theworld economy and enjoys thebenefits brought about by variouscountries that have opened theirsecurities market, China’s securities market will open sooner or later.

Predicament and Countermeasure Analysis of Intellectual Property Management for Strategic Emerging Industry

Intellectual property is the core support and important driving force for the sound development of strategic emerging industry. This paper makes an analysis on the current predicament of intellectual property management for strategic emerging industry from the four stages of the process,including creation and development management,business management,revenue management and disposal management on intellectual property,and finally explores the solutions and gives some countermeasures.

一种基于双重Counter Bloom Filter的长流识别算法

提出了一种基于双层Counter Bloom Filter的长流识别算法(algorithm based on double counter bloom filter for long flows identification,简称CCBF).该算法使用两层Counter Bloom Filter结构,将长流过滤和长流存在分开处理.分析了该算法的误判率,通过模拟数据分析了算法错误率和内存资源限制的关系,并在相同内存资源限制的条件下,将该算法与类似算法的准确性进行了比较.结果表明,在数据量较大的情况下,该算法具有比现有算法更小的平均错误率;对算法的时间效率分析表明,该算法可以达到1500kpps的处理速度.各项指标反映出,该算法可以应用于大规模主干网的长流监测.

Experimental investigation on the radiation background inside body counters

In vivo measurement of radioactivity based on various body counters is arguably the leading measure used to determine the distribution and activity of radionuclides in human subjects,such as I-131 in the thyroid,Am-241 in the lungs,and Pb-210 in the skull.Throughout the measurements,the radiation background is the key factor that determines the sensitivity of the counter.Therefore,to facilitate in vivo measurements,a well-designed shielding room is required to create a low-background environment.However,because the compositions of the radiation background are quite complicated,the respective contributions from each source remain obscure,which places a considerable burden on seeking an optimized design of shielding rooms that strikes the optimum balance between the construction cost and background suppression effect.In this study,we conducted a systematic experimental investigation on the radiation background outside and inside four representative body counters with assorted designs using a variety of radiation detectors,including high-purity germanium detectors,CdZnTe detector,radon emanometer,and gamma-ray dosimeter.By carefully controlling the experimental conditions and synergetic analysis of the measurement results,in conjunction with previous studies,we separated and determined the relative contributions induced by environmental radiation(4%),airborne radon and its daughters(2%),the normal radioactivity of human subjects arising from K-40(58%),cosmic rays(12%),and radioactivity in shielding materials and measuring instruments(24%).Furthermore,based on these results,we discuss practical guidelines to design a shielding room for body counters.

A BI4π COUNTING METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF ACTIVITY

In this article, a Bi4π counting method comprised of Bi4πcounter and a new fundamental measurement method was described, which can measures rather more radionuclides and can achieve accuracy of 0.03% to 0.06% (1σ), in principle. Thecorrectness of this method is demonstrated by measurements of 60Co sources which results of activities compared with 47πβ-γ coincident method are in agreement within the measurement errors, and it is readily achieved to accuracy of 0.2%. Finally, the range of the applications for this Bi4π counting method among one hundred or more important radionuclides is also discussed.

Dust particles in free troposphere over Chinese desert region revealed from balloon borne measurements under calm weather conditions

The Taklamakan Desert in China is one of the major source regions for Asian dust particles.All balloon-borne measurements in this report were carried out in Dunhuang,in the Taklamakan Desert,during calm weather conditions.The aerosol number concentration,size distribution,mass concentration,and horizontal mass flux due to westerly wind were investigated.The measurements were performed on 17 August 2001,17 October 2001,11 January 2002,and 30 April 2002.Five channels(0.3,0.5,0.8,1.2,and 3.6μm in diameter)were used in the Optical Particle Counter for particle measurements.The aerosol number concentration in the winter season(11 January 2002)at 3–5 km was very high.Variation of free-tropospheric aerosols on 30 April 2002 was noticeable.A super-micron range was noticeable in the size distribution of all the measurements.Many variations in temperature and aerosol concentration were found at these inversion points.High values of estimated mass concentration of aerosols were frequently observed in the atmosphere near the ground(i.e.,1–2 km);and interestingly,relatively high concentrations were frequently detected above 2 km from the surface.Wind patterns observed using ERA-Interim data at 500 and 850 hPa showed that westerly winds dominated in the Taklamakan Desert during the observation period.The average horizontal mass flux of background Asian dust due to westerly wind was observed to fall within the range of 58.5–1219 tons km?2 d?1.Vertical profiles of aerosol number concentrations showed that significant transport of aerosols dominated in the westerly region(i.e.,4–7 km).

利用数字化仪实现放射性气体^(85)Kr核素活度浓度的绝对测量

基于中国计量科学研究院建立的长度补偿法充气正比计数器绝对测量系统,利用CAEN公司开发的DT5730型数字化仪替代多套传统模拟电子学插件,并通过数字化仪对β信号进行采集、重建和数据离线分析,开展^(85)Kr放射性惰性气体活度浓度的绝对测量。实验研究了各种条件的影响,通过对正比计数器端效应、正比计数器壁效应、本底、噪声、死时间漏计数和阈值以下计数进行修正,最终得到^(85)Kr活度浓度绝对测量结果。在相同阈值、主放大倍数100倍、气压50.5 kPa,工作电压1675 V和1700 V的条件下,数字化仪测量和电子学插件测量^(85)Kr放射性活度浓度的相对偏差分别为0.83%和0.74%。测量结果在不确定度范围内一致,证明数字化仪可有效替代传统电子学插件实现放射性惰性气体^(85)Kr活度浓度的绝对测量。

基于纯硬件电路的轴角-数字解码系统研究

针对旋转变压器解码系统需要软硬件协同合作及系统结构复杂的问题,提出了一种基于纯硬件电路的轴角-数字解码系统,主要包括解调模块和解算模块。解调模块基于与激励信号同步的脉冲信号控制采样/保持电路来得到低频的解调信号;为避免使用AD转换、昂贵的压控振荡器等复杂硬件,解算模块采用了负反馈结构,主要基于计数器实现,通过正余弦LUT查找表将计数值转换为旋转变压器角度的线性输出,计数值表示解算角度;当解算角度与实际角度不一致时,解算模块会控制计数值增加或者减少,直到解算角度与实际角度一致。为验证该方法的有效性,在Matlab/Simulink中搭建系统模型进行多工况仿真验证,结果表明,纯硬件解码方法在角度阶跃变化、匀速变化及系统存在噪声时均能稳定正常工作,并且误差不超过0.2°,响应时间不超过2 ms,优于常规软件解码方法。最后进一步制作了验证板卡进行了实物验证,验证结果表明该系统具有较好的稳定性及精度。

教育数字化转型中高校课程思政的困境和对策研究

教育数字化转型是对传统教育模式、教学方法、教学内容等进行创新、改造和升级,极大地推动了教育理念的革新。在教育数字化转型大背景下,高校应加强课程思政数字化教学资源的建设及课程思政与数字技术的融合创新,创设高效的思政育人环境,增强课程思政的吸引力,完善课程思政多元化评价体系,提升师生的数字化素养,强化师生互动,构建数字化思政学习共同体。确保课程思政的数字化转型能够顺利进行并取得实效,为培养具有创新精神和实践能力的高素质人才做出更大贡献。

基于Vensim的汽车零部件供应链管理研究

利用系统动力学和Vensim软件搭建汽车零部件供应链模型,分析“牛鞭效应”在供应链中需求变异放大现象对供应链库存的影响。通过绘制因果关系图,建立三级零部件供应链模型,对时间延迟、期望库存持续时间、库存调整时间、移动平均时间节点进行分析,研究发现这4个辅助变量都会加剧“牛鞭效应”。根据汽车零部件供应链的特点,提出针对性策略来弱化“牛鞭效应”,优化企业库存管理,提高库存利用率、最小化库存支出,改善企业现金流。

智慧侦查人才培养模式下高校“反恐怖对策”课程教学改革研究——以湖南警察学院为例

“反恐怖对策”课程是公安专业学生了解反恐形势,培养反恐理念的重要课程,能为学生适应反恐怖斗争实际工作需要和进行反恐警务实战奠定坚实的基础。湖南警察学院“反恐怖对策”课程组结合本校智慧侦查人才培养需求,根据课程教学中存在的问题,从紧跟反恐形势、线上线下结合、整合拓宽教学资源、强化实战实训、多维度进行课程思政教学等方面进行深入教学改革,以提升教学质量,为培养专业反恐人才贡献力量。

新疆西瓜甜瓜产业发展现状及对策建议

通过对新疆西瓜甜瓜种植面积及生产总量、种植区域分布、种植品种、栽培模式、机械化生产、品牌发展、深加工等方面深入调查研究,了解和掌握了新疆西瓜甜瓜产业发展的现状,分析了新疆西瓜甜瓜产业在品种资源、种植区域和产销、栽培技术、生产成本、生产经营、品牌建设、深加工等方面所面临的问题。最后,从加快种业发展、优化种植区域布局、依托科技创新、转变经营模式、加强品牌建设、延长产业链等方面提出了对策和合理化建议。

猪圆环病毒2型相关疾病常见问题解析与对策

PCV2是猪圆环病毒相关疾病的首要致病因子,会引起断奶仔猪多系统性衰竭综合征(PMWS)、繁殖障碍(PCV2-RD)以及猪皮炎肾病综合征(PDNS)等疾病,给养猪生产造成巨大的经济损失。该文从PCV2的流行特点、免疫存在问题以及对策等进行分析和讨论,旨在为养猪生产人员提供PCVD的防控思路。PCV2主要存在猪场流行率高、种猪群亚临床感染普遍、保育及育肥前期感染压力大、精液和初乳垂直传播等流行特点。种猪场的亚临床感染会引起仔猪PCV2的早期感染;保育及育肥前期感染压力大的主要原因是仔猪出现早期感染、母源抗体干扰、初乳摄入量不足、免疫抑制等;后备母猪的引种混乱和免疫驯化不到位,会导致后备母猪繁殖障碍及后代的早期感染;公猪精液受到PCV2的污染,会引起母猪的繁殖障碍,同时助推了PCV2在猪群中的流行。因此,对于PCVD的综合防控,需要从后备母猪、基础母猪、仔猪以及公猪出发,制订出适合猪场的免疫程序;配合减少交叉寄养、减低保育舍群体规模和密度、减少使用带毒精液、以及选择合适的消毒剂和消毒程序等管理措施,尽量减低PCV2带来的危害。

基于区间q阶orthopair模糊可能度的多属性决策方法

判定区间q阶orthopair模糊数(IVq-ROFNs)排序关系是解决区间q阶orthopair模糊(IVq-ROF)决策问题的关键环节,而可能度测度是重要工具之一。针对现有得分函数、精确函数和可能度测度无法处理的反直觉问题,提出一种基于IVq-ROF可能度的多属性决策方法。首先,定义IVq-ROF环境下的可能度测度,并讨论其相关性质;然后,通过解决反直觉问题的例子说明本文所提IVq-ROF可能度测度的可行性和优势性;最后,构建基于IVqROF可能度的多属性决策模型,并由两个算例分析现有可能度在IVq-ROF环境中扩展的适用性,验证本文所提方法的有效性与合理性。

经济全球化下我国对外贸易发展面临的困境与对策探讨

在经济全球化的大潮中,中国对外贸易经历着前所未有的发展,已逐步发展成为世界第一大货物贸易国。然而,随着全球经济格局的不断变化和国际环境的复杂多变,中国对外贸易也面临一系列挑战和困境。文章首先明确指出经济全球化背景下的贸易市场不够多元化,使中国过度依赖某些特定市场和产品的现象。这种依赖性增加了中国市场在遭遇国际市场波动和政治风险时的脆弱性和不稳定性。其次了解全球范围内贸易保护主义的抬头和贸易摩擦的频繁发生,对中国的出口贸易构成严峻挑战。这些挑战不仅来自传统的贸易伙伴,也来自新兴市场。最后分析我国的对外贸易结构存在不平衡的问题,如出口与进口商品结构不均衡、地域分布不均衡以及产业链条不完整等。这些问题均在不同程度上限制了中国对外贸易的可持续发展。基于此,应结合经济全球化的本质与特征以及对外贸易的影响因素展开探索,充分利用对外贸易发展的各项特点,做好经济全球化背景下我国对外贸易发展的对策,并通过开发新的贸易出口市场,积极应对、妥善解决贸易摩擦,及时调整对外贸易结构等方式举措积极应对现阶段存在的问题。