Twisted Integration of Complex Oxide Magnetoelectric Heterostructures via Water‑Etching and Transfer Process

Manipulating strain mode and degree that can be applied to epitaxial complex oxide thin films have been a cornerstone of strain engineering.In recent years,lift-off and transfer technology of the epitaxial oxide thin films have been developed that enabled the integration of heterostructures without the limitation of material types and crystal orientations.Moreover,twisted integration would provide a more interesting strategy in artificial magnetoelectric heterostructures.A specific twist angle between the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic oxide layers corresponds to the distinct strain regulation modes in the magnetoelectric coupling process,which could provide some insight in to the physical phenomena.In this work,the La_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_(3)(001)/0.7Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)-0.3PbTiO_(3)(011)(LSMO/PMN-PT)heterostructures with 45.and 0.twist angles were assembled via water-etching and transfer process.The transferred LSMO films exhibit a fourfold magnetic anisotropy with easy axis along LSMO<110>.A coexistence of uniaxial and fourfold magnetic anisotropy with LSMO[110]easy axis is observed for the 45°Sample by applying a 7.2 kV cm^(−1)electrical field,significantly different from a uniaxial anisotropy with LSMO[100]easy axis for the 0°Sample.The fitting of the ferromagnetic resonance field reveals that the strain coupling generated by the 45°twist angle causes different lattice distortion of LSMO,thereby enhancing both the fourfold and uniaxial anisotropy.This work confirms the twisting degrees of freedom for magnetoelectric coupling and opens opportunities for fabricating artificial magnetoelectric heterostructures.

Valley-dependent transport in a mescoscopic twisted bilayer graphene device

We study the valley-dependent electron transport in a four-terminal mesoscopic device of the two monolayer graphene nanoribbons vertically stacked together, where the intersection forms a bilayer graphene lattice with a controllable twist angle. Using a tight-binding lattice model, we show that the longitudinal and transverse conductances exhibit significant valley polarization in the low energy regime for small twist angles. As the twist angle increases, the valley polarization shifts to the high energy regime. This arises from the regrouping effect of the electron band in the twisted bilayer graphene region. But for relatively large twist angles, no significant valley polarization is observed. These results are consistent with the spectral densities of the twisted bilayer graphene.

Comparison between seismic analysis of twisting and regular 52-story towers considering soil-structure interaction

A dynamic analysis of both twisting and regular towers is carried out to determine the results of considering soil-structure interaction(SSI)on high-rise buildings.In addition,the difference between the seismic performance of using twisting towers over regular ones is investigated.The twisting tower is a simulation of the Evolution Tower(Moscow).The towers’skeletons consist of RC elements and rest on a reinforced concrete piled-raft foundation.The soil model is considered as multi-layered with the same soil properties as the zone chosen for the analysis(New Mansoura City,Egypt).The only difference between both towers is their shape in elevation.The whole system is modelled and analyzed in a single step as one full 3D model,which is known as the direct approach in SSI.All analyses are carried out using finite-element software(Midas GTS NX).Dynamic output responses due to three records of seismic loads are proposed and presented in some graphs.Based on the results,it is concluded that SSI has a considerable effect on the dynamic response of tall buildings mainly because of the foundation flexibility,as it leads to lengthening the vibration period,increasing the story drift and the base shear for both cases.

Visualizing the Local Twist Angle Variation within and between Domains of Twisted Bilayer Graphene

Moirésuperlattices in twisted two-dimensional materials have emerged as ideal platforms for engineering quantum phenomena,which are highly sensitive to twist angles,including both the global value and the spatial inhomogeneity.However,only a few methods provide spatial-resolved information for characterizing local twist angle distribution.

Additional Twists of Yarn Produced by System of Compact Spinning with Lattice Apron

Based on the flow simulation in the condensing zone of compact spinning with lattice apron and a bead-elastic rod dynamic model of the flexible fiber,trajectories of fibers with different negative pressure are simulated by specially designed Matlab procedure.Then displacement components of fibers at YZ profile under different negative pressure conditions are extracted and compared.The results show that the fibers of different initial positions gradually converge,and are interlaced for position change in yarn cross-section,caused by the airflow in the condensing zone.Finally,compact-spun yarn with different negative pressure and conventional ring spun yarn are produced and their twists are tested.Both the results of simulation and experiments illustrate the existence of additional twists.Also the relationship between additional twists and negative pressure is verified.

Tubular Heat Enhancement Using Twisted Tape Inserts with Large Holes

Heat augmentation techniques play a vital role in the heating and cooling processes in industries,including solar collectors and many applications that utilize heat exchangers.Several studies are based on inserting fillers inside the tubes to enhance heat transfer.This investigation considered the effects of twisted tapes with large holes on a tubular heat exchanger’s(HX)heat transmission,pressure drop,and thermal boosting factor.In the experimental section,counter-swirl flow generators used twisted tapes with pairs of 1.0 cm-diameter holes and changes in porosity(Rp)at 1.30%and 2.70%.In the experiments,air was utilized as a working fluid in a tube with a circular cross-section.The turbulent flow was considered,with Reynolds numbers(Re)domain from 4800 to 9500,and a boundary condition with a uniform wall heat flux was constructed.The findings expound that when the number of holes rose,the Nusselt number(Nu),the factor of friction(f),and the thermal enhancement factor(η)all increased as well.Additionally,as the friction factor increased,the Nusselt number of the tape-equipped tube was noticeably higher.Additionally,it was discovered that the friction factor was between 70%and 94%lower than the values of the tube without tape,while the(Nu)was between 87%and 97%higher than the conventional tube values.The maximum value ofηis 89%.According to the experimental results,empirical correlations for Nu,f,andηwere also generated.

Adaptive Neural Observer-Based Nonsingular Super-Twisting Terminal Sliding-Mode Controller Design for a Class of Hovercraft Nonlinear Systems

Designing a controller to stabilize maneuvering hovercrafts is an important challenge in amphibious vehicles.Hovercrafts are implemented in several applications,such as military missions,transportation,and scientific tasks.Thus.to improve their performance,it is crucial to control the system and compensate uncertainties and disruptions.In this paper,both classic and intelligent approaches are combined to design an observer-based controller.The system is assumed to be both controllable and observable.An adaptive neural network observer with guaranteed stability is derived for the nonlinear dynamics of a hovercraft,which is controlled via a nonsingular super-twisting terminal sliding-mode method.The main merits of the proposed method are as follows:(1) the Lyapunov stability of the overall closed-loop system,(2) the convergence of the tracking and observer errors to zero,(3) the robustness against uncertainties and disturbances,and(4) the reduction of the chattering phenomena.The simulation results validate the excellent performance of the derived method.

Linear Functional Equations and Twisted Polynomials

A certain variety of non-switched polynomials provides a uni-figure representation for a wide range of linear functional equations. This is properly adapted for the calculations. We reinterpret from this point of view a number of algorithms.

Twisting Sliding Mode Control of an Electrostatic MEMS Micromirror for a Laser Scanning System

In this paper,we present a twisting control scheme with proportional-integral-derivative(PID)sliding surface for a two-axis electrostatic torsional micromirror,and the utilization of the proposed scheme in a laser scanning system.The experimental results of set-point regulation verify that the proposed scheme provides enhanced transient response and positioning performance as compared to traditional sliding mode control.To evaluate the tracking performance of the closed-loop system,triangular waves with different frequencies are used as desired traces.With the proposed scheme the experimental results verified that the closed-loop controlled micromirror follows the given triangular trajectories precisely.A micromirror-based laser scanning system is developed to obtain images.When compared with open-loop control,the experimental results demonstrated that the proposed scheme is able to reduce the distortion of the raster scan,and improve the imaging performance in the presence of cross-coupling effect.

Observation and Research on the Twisting Characteristics of Flare Loop System

We analyze the evolution of Hβ monochromatic images and Hβ velocity fields of the flare loops system on June 4, 1991. It is the first time to demonstrate directly the dynamic process of the energy storage, transportation and release of the twisting magnetic fields in the flare process.

Large valley Nernst effect in twisted multilayer graphene systems

Valley Nernst effect is a newly proposed and experimentally confirmed effect,which could be used to design novel thermoelectric devices.We study the valley Nernst effect in(M+N)-layer twisted multilayer graphene systems by a simple low-energy effective model.It is found that the total valley Nernst coefficient(VNC)is three orders of magnitude larger than that in monolayer group-Ⅵdichalcogenides.The total VNC increases with the increase of layer numbers.It is shown that the total VNC exhibits a structure with three peaks as a function of the Fermi energy.We identify that the central peak is always negative stemming from the flat band.Two shoulder peaks are positively induced by the conduction and valence bands,respectively.These predicted features can be tested experimentally.The present work would shed more light on valley caloritronics.

Implement of the Production Monitoring and Control System for Coning,Drawing and Twisting's Workshop

To achieve the production information management of the coning,drawing and twisting's workshop,and promote a good and fast development of the textile enterprise,firstly,we analyze the information technology development status of the textile enterprise at home and abroad,study the weaknesses of the existing computer monitoring system,introduce the system design project,and propose a system network model based on client/server(C/S)mode.Secondly,a multi-agent production monitoring and control system is developed,and the communication of the single-port-multi-protocol and a multi-thread data collection technology are studied via the multi-thread and standard template library(STL)technologies.Thirdly,the system management functions,the structure design of the database,and the technical difficulties in the process of software design are also introduced.As proved in practice,the system satisfies the production management requirements of the workshop,and implements the network management of the production information.

Twist、E-cadherin、N-cadherin在宫颈鳞癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨上皮间质转化因子Twist及相关黏附分子E-cadherin、N-cadherin在人宫颈鳞癌、宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)和正常宫颈上皮组织中的表达及临床病理意义。方法利用免疫组织化学方法检测61例宫颈鳞癌标本、22例CINⅠ级标本、44例CINⅡ～Ⅲ级标本及22例正常宫颈标本中Twist、E-cadherin、N-cadherin蛋白的表达及其与宫颈鳞癌临床生物学行为的关系。结果正常宫颈组织Twist蛋白阳性表达率(0)与CINⅠ级组织(40.90%)、CINⅡ～Ⅲ级组织(68.18%)、宫颈鳞癌组织(70.49%)比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);正常宫颈组织中E-cadherin蛋白的阳性表达率(90.91%)明显高于CINⅡ～Ⅲ级组织(54.55%)和宫颈鳞癌组织(14.75%)(均P<0.05);宫颈鳞癌组织N-cadherin蛋白的阳性表达率(90.16%)明显高于正常宫颈组织(27.27%)、CINⅠ级组织(50.00%)、CINⅡ～Ⅲ级组织(68.18%)(均P<0.05)。在61例宫颈鳞癌组织中,Twist蛋白与E-cadherin蛋白表达呈负相关(r=-0.339,P<0.01),而Twist蛋白与N-cadherin蛋白表达呈正相关(r=0.390,P<0.01)。在61例宫颈鳞癌组织中,不同国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)分期的组织间Twist、E-cadherin、N-cadherin蛋白阳性表达率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);有无淋巴血管间隙浸润的组织间比较,差异也均无统计学意义(P>0.05);Twist蛋白在高分化或中分化宫颈鳞癌组织中的阳性表达率(60.47%)明显低于低分化或未分化组织(94.44%)(P<0.05);Twist蛋白在无淋巴结转移的宫颈鳞癌组织中的阳性表达率(62.22%)明显低于有淋巴结转移的组织(93.75%)(P<0.05)。结论 Twist在宫颈鳞癌中高表达,且与肿瘤分化及淋巴结转移相关;Twist、E-cadherin和N-cadherin的异常表达可能参与了宫颈鳞癌的浸润及转移。

双层自适应快速super twisting控制算法

为提高super twising算法的收敛速度,解决现有算法存在的增益过估计问题,提出了两种自适应增益快速super twisting算法.分别通过快速终端滑模趋近律和增加线性项加快收敛速度.利用基于等效控制的双层自适应律调节增益,保证滑模存在条件的成立,同时使增益尽量的小.采用Lyapunov方法证明了新算法具有更优良的收敛特性,根据有界实引理和Schur补定理分别给出了两种算法的参数整定策略.仿真算例表明,在相同控制参数下,新算法的能耗与原算法接近,并具有更快的收敛速度和更强的鲁棒性.

Twist、E-cadherin和β-catenin在肝细胞肝癌中的表达及其与预后的关系

目的:探讨Twist、E-cadherin和β-catenin在肝细胞肝癌复发与转移中的作用及与预后的相关性。方法:以石蜡包埋组织切片,免疫组化SP法染色分别检测97例肝细胞肝癌,其中复发与转移组49例,非复发与转移组48例Twist、E-cadherin和β-catenin的表达情况。结果:复发、转移与性别、年龄无关(P=0.424,P=0.738),与临床分期密切相关(P=0.000)。复发与转移组Twist、β-catenin表达高于无复发与转移组(P=0.000;P=0.000),复发与转移组E-cadherin表达低于无复发与转移组(P=0.027)。Twist,β-catenin阳性组平均生存时间分别为(28.880±3.285)、(31.477±3.359)个月,中位生存时间分别为26、28个月,阴性组平均生存时间分别为(44.603±3.521)、(42.009±3.720)个月,中位生存时间分别49、45个月,Twist、β-catenin阳性组生存期较阴性组缩短差别具有统计学意义(P=0.002,P=0.029)。E-cadherin阳性组平均生存时间为(44.514±3.447)个月,中位生存时间为49个月,阴性组为(29.110±3.581)个月,中位生存时间为25个月,E-cadherin阳性组生存时间较阴性组延长有统计学意义(P=0.002)。结论:Twist、β-catenin过度表达,E-cadherin表达缺失可能与HCC复发转移、不良生存预后存在相关性。

Twist ARF和E-cadher in在大肠癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨Twist、ARF、E-cadherin蛋白在大肠癌组织中的表达与临床病理参数的关系。同时分析Twist、ARF、E-cadherin与大肠癌生长,侵袭转移之间的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP染色方法对60例大肠癌标本及60例正常大肠黏膜标本分别进行Twist、ARF、E-cadherin蛋白检测。结果:Twist在肿瘤组织中的阳性表达率明显高于正常大肠黏膜(P<0.05);ARF及E-cadherin在肿瘤组织中的阳性表达率明显低于正常大肠黏膜(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。Twist的表达与大肠癌的病理学分级、肠壁浸润深度、有无淋巴结转移、TNM分期相关(P<0.05)。ARF、E-cadherin的表达与大肠癌的病理学分级、肠壁浸润深度、有无淋巴结转移、TNM分期、有无远处转移相关(P<0.05)。Twist与ARF共同阳性者10例,共同阴性者8例,两者呈显著性负相关(r=0.806,P=0.004)。Twist与E-cadherin共同阳性者3例,共同阴性者7例,两者呈显著性负相关(r=0.754,P=0.006)。结论:Twist的过度表达,ARF、E-cadherin蛋白的表达缺失在大肠癌的发生及侵袭转移中起重要的作用,Twist通过调节ARF/MDM2/p53途径抑制细胞凋亡促进肿瘤细胞形成,同时影响E-cadherin的表达而促进上皮-间质转化现象,参与大肠癌的发生和转移。

Twist和E-cadherin在宫颈鳞癌中的表达及其与KAI1表达的关系

目的探讨宫颈鳞状细胞癌(CSCC)组织中Twist、E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白的表达及其临床意义。方法通过免疫组织化学ElivisionTMplus方法检测130例CSCC组织、40例宫颈高级别上皮内瘤变(CIN)和40例正常宫颈组织中Twist、E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白的表达。结果在正常宫颈组织中Twist、E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白的阳性表达率分别为5.0%、95.0%和97.5%;在CIN组中Twist、E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白的阳性表达率分别为42.5%、62.5%和65.0%;在CSCC组织中,Twist、E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白的阳性表达率分别为69.2%、40.8%和43.1%。Twist、E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白的表达水平在不同两组之间,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Twist蛋白表达水平在CSCC组织中不同分化程度、淋巴结转移与否及浸润深度之间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白的表达水平在CSCC组织中的不同分化程度、淋巴结转移与否、浸润深度及FIGO分期之间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Twist蛋白的表达与E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白的表达呈负相关关系(均P<0.01);E-cadherin蛋白的表达与KAI1蛋白的表达呈正相关关系(P<0.01)。生存分析表明Twist蛋白阳性表达组患者的生存时间明显短于阴性组患者;E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白阳性表达组患者的生存时间明显长于阴性组患者。多因素分析发现E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白的阳性表达是影响CSCC患者预后的独立因素。结论 Twist、E-cadherin和KAI1蛋白的异常表达可能参与了CSCC的发生、发展及转移过程;在CSCC组织中检测Twist、E-cadherin和KAI1表达情况可能对CSCC的预后判断有价值。

Twist、E-cadherin和N-cadherin在胃癌的表达及其意义

目的研究胃癌中转录因子Twist,上皮性钙黏附素(E-cadherin)以及神经性钙黏附素(N-cad-herin)的表达及三者与胃癌侵袭转移的关系。方法采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测58例胃癌组织和对应癌旁组织中Twist、E-cadherin以及N-cadherin mRNA的表达水平,将结果与临床资料进行统计分析。结果Twist、E-cadherin、N-cadherin mRNA在胃癌组织中表达分别为1.55±0.51、0.86±0.21、1.53±0.54;在癌旁组织中分别为1.22±0.39、1.07±0.20、1.15±0.37;胃癌组织中3种mRNA与癌旁组织中相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Twist、E-cadherin、N-cadherin表达与胃癌浸润深度、淋巴结转移、远处转移有关(P<0.05)。Twist与N-cadherin表达成正相关(r=0.365,P<0.05),Twist与E-cadherin表达成负相关(r=-0.446,P<0.01)。E-cadherin与N-cadherin表达成负相关(r=-0.359,P<0.05)。结论Twist及N-cad-herin在胃癌中高表达而E-cadherin低表达可能与胃癌发生、发展以及浸润转移有密切关系,联合检测Twist、N-cadherin及E-cadherin的表达可能对预测胃癌的转移、判断预后具有一定价值。

TRIM59、Twist及E-cadherin在肝癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:观察肝癌组织中三结构域蛋白59(TRIM59)、Twist和E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)的表达变化,并探讨其临床肿瘤学意义。方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测80例肝癌组织及癌旁肝组织中TRIM59、Twist及E-cadherin的表达状况,分析其与临床病理参数的关系。结果:肝癌组织及癌旁肝组织中TRIM59的阳性率分别为76.3%,8.0%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);肝癌组织及癌旁肝组织中Twist的阳性率分别为66.3%,6.0%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);肝癌组织及癌旁肝组织中E-cadherin的阳性率分别为27.5%,90.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TRIM59、Twist及E-cadherin阳性表达均与肝癌病理学分级、分化、血管侵袭及TNM分期有关(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明,TRIM59与Twist表达呈正相关(P<0.05),TRIM59和E-cadherin表达呈负相关(P<0.05),Twist和E-cadherin表达也呈负相关(P<0.05)。生存分析结果表明,TRIM59是肝癌预后的独立因素。结论:联合检测TRIM59、Twist及E-cadherin有助于阐述肝癌发生发展、侵袭转移的分子机制,TRIM59有可能成为治疗肝癌的一个靶基因。

Twist蛋白、E-cadherin、VEGF在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达

目的研究转录因子Twist蛋白在食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）中的表达及其通过对上皮型钙黏附蛋白（E—cadherin）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的作用在判断肿瘤的生物学行为方面的意义。方法采用SP免疫组化方法检测了54例ESCC组织（20例癌旁组织作为对照）中Twist的表达。结果Twist蛋白阳性表达率（70．1％）明显高于癌旁组织（15％），（P=0．000）；Twist在有外膜浸润的病例中阳性表达率明显高于无外膜浸润的病例；在有淋巴结转移组中的阳性表达率明显高于无淋巴结转移组；在TNM分期Ⅲ期中的阳性表达率明显高于在Ⅰ-Ⅱ期中的阳性表达率（P〈0．05）；Twist蛋白表达与E—Cadherin存在明显负相关（r=-0．401，P=0．003）；与VEGF存在明显正相关关系（r=0．526，P=0．000）。结论Twist蛋白在ESCC中过度表达，可能通过分别上调和下调VEGF、E—cadherin的表达，进而在ESCC的浸润、转移过程中发挥重要作用。