Circuit theory is an extremely important basic theory in electrical and electronic sciences and technologies. Over more than a century, researchers have come to the conclusion that a fundamental law of circuits needs ...Circuit theory is an extremely important basic theory in electrical and electronic sciences and technologies. Over more than a century, researchers have come to the conclusion that a fundamental law of circuits needs to satisfy the following three conditions: (1) Independency. It must be able to solve independently the basic problems of general solutions to the distribution of current and voltage in circuits. (2) Fundamentality. It cannot be derived from circuit theory and it must be the starting point for the establishment of circuit theory; it deduces the problem relevant to circuit theory by using purely logical inference, and establishes circuit theory into an independent deductive system. (3) Applicability. It must be widely applicable to all spheres of circuits, which includes sinusoidal steady-state linear and nonlinear networks, non-sinusoidal steady-state linear and nonlinear networks, transient-state processes, etc. From all networks to which the fundamental law of circuits applies, sinusoidal steady-state linear network is chosen as the most basic one to demonstrate that the two independent equations of circuits in integral form derived from Maxwell equations are able to meet these three conditions. Consequently, it is believed to be the fundamental law of circuits newly recognized today. This paper also makes the initiative to establish a circuit theory by which the basic rules of electromagnetic field govern the circuits, and the unity of electromagnetic fields and circuits is achieved.展开更多
The goal of the present paper is to establish some new approach on the basic integral inequality of Gronwall-Bellman type and its generalizations involving function of one independent variable which provides explicit ...The goal of the present paper is to establish some new approach on the basic integral inequality of Gronwall-Bellman type and its generalizations involving function of one independent variable which provides explicit bounds on unknown functions. The inequalities given here can be used as tools in the qualitative theory of certain partial differential and integral equations.展开更多
钝化线是描述裂纹试样在钝化过程中J积分与伸张区宽度(stretch zone width,SZW)间关系的一条直线,在J积分测试中,有效数据区的左右界限线以及确定延性断裂韧度JⅠC的偏置线都是建立在钝化线基础上的,因而钝化线在J积分测试中至关重要。...钝化线是描述裂纹试样在钝化过程中J积分与伸张区宽度(stretch zone width,SZW)间关系的一条直线,在J积分测试中,有效数据区的左右界限线以及确定延性断裂韧度JⅠC的偏置线都是建立在钝化线基础上的,因而钝化线在J积分测试中至关重要。通过对裂尖钝化过程的分析,基于D-B模型和J积分的路径无关性原理推导出一种钝化线方程。与现行标准中的钝化线相比,此方程与试验结果吻合得更好。展开更多
文摘Circuit theory is an extremely important basic theory in electrical and electronic sciences and technologies. Over more than a century, researchers have come to the conclusion that a fundamental law of circuits needs to satisfy the following three conditions: (1) Independency. It must be able to solve independently the basic problems of general solutions to the distribution of current and voltage in circuits. (2) Fundamentality. It cannot be derived from circuit theory and it must be the starting point for the establishment of circuit theory; it deduces the problem relevant to circuit theory by using purely logical inference, and establishes circuit theory into an independent deductive system. (3) Applicability. It must be widely applicable to all spheres of circuits, which includes sinusoidal steady-state linear and nonlinear networks, non-sinusoidal steady-state linear and nonlinear networks, transient-state processes, etc. From all networks to which the fundamental law of circuits applies, sinusoidal steady-state linear network is chosen as the most basic one to demonstrate that the two independent equations of circuits in integral form derived from Maxwell equations are able to meet these three conditions. Consequently, it is believed to be the fundamental law of circuits newly recognized today. This paper also makes the initiative to establish a circuit theory by which the basic rules of electromagnetic field govern the circuits, and the unity of electromagnetic fields and circuits is achieved.
文摘The goal of the present paper is to establish some new approach on the basic integral inequality of Gronwall-Bellman type and its generalizations involving function of one independent variable which provides explicit bounds on unknown functions. The inequalities given here can be used as tools in the qualitative theory of certain partial differential and integral equations.
文摘钝化线是描述裂纹试样在钝化过程中J积分与伸张区宽度(stretch zone width,SZW)间关系的一条直线,在J积分测试中,有效数据区的左右界限线以及确定延性断裂韧度JⅠC的偏置线都是建立在钝化线基础上的,因而钝化线在J积分测试中至关重要。通过对裂尖钝化过程的分析,基于D-B模型和J积分的路径无关性原理推导出一种钝化线方程。与现行标准中的钝化线相比,此方程与试验结果吻合得更好。
