Application of the optimal Latin hypercube design and radial basis function network to collaborative optimization

Improving the efficiency of ship optimization is crucial for modem ship design. Compared with traditional methods, multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） is a more promising approach. For this reason, Collaborative Optimization （CO） is discussed and analyzed in this paper. As one of the most frequently applied MDO methods, CO promotes autonomy of disciplines while providing a coordinating mechanism guaranteeing progress toward an optimum and maintaining interdisciplinary compatibility. However, there are some difficulties in applying the conventional CO method, such as difficulties in choosing an initial point and tremendous computational requirements. For the purpose of overcoming these problems, optimal Latin hypercube design and Radial basis function network were applied to CO. Optimal Latin hypercube design is a modified Latin Hypercube design. Radial basis function network approximates the optimization model, and is updated during the optimization process to improve accuracy. It is shown by examples that the computing efficiency and robustness of this CO method are higher than with the conventional CO method.

Molecular design towards two-dimensional electron acceptors for efficient non-fullerene solar cells

Non-fullerene polymer solar cells(NF-PSCs) have gained wide attention recently. Molecular design of non-fullerene electron acceptors effectively promotes the photovoltaic performance of NF-PSCs. However,molecular electron acceptors with 2-dimensional(2 D) configuration and conjugation are seldom reported.Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of novel 2 D electron acceptors for efficient NF-PSCs. With rational optimization on the conjugated moieties in both vertical and horizontal direction, these 2 D electron acceptors showed appealing properties, such as good planarity, full-spectrum absorption, high absorption extinction coefficient, and proper blend morphology with donor polymer. A high PCE of 9.76%was achieved for photovoltaic devices with PBDB-T as the donor and these 2 D electron acceptors. It was also found the charge transfer between the conjugated moieties in two directions of these 2 D molecules contributes to the utilization of absorbed photos, resulting in an exceptional EQE of 87% at 730 nm. This work presents rational design guidelines of 2 D electron acceptors, which showed great promise to achieve high-performance non-fullerene polymer solar cells.

Design of a Two-dimensional Recursive Filter Using the Bees Algorithm

This paper presents the first application of the bees algorithm to the optimisation of parameters of a two-dimensional （2D） recursive digital filter. The algorithm employs a search technique inspired by the foraging behaviour of honey bees. The results obtained show clear improvement compared to those produced by the widely adopted genetic algorithm （GA）.

Deep learning in two-dimensional materials:Characterization,prediction,and design

Since the isolation of graphene,two-dimensional(2D)materials have attracted increasing interest because of their excellent chemical and physical properties,as well as promising applications.Nonetheless,particular challenges persist in their further development,particularly in the effective identification of diverse 2D materials,the domains of large-scale and highprecision characterization,also intelligent function prediction and design.These issues are mainly solved by computational techniques,such as density function theory and molecular dynamic simulation,which require powerful computational resources and high time consumption.The booming deep learning methods in recent years offer innovative insights and tools to address these challenges.This review comprehensively outlines the current progress of deep learning within the realm of 2D materials.Firstly,we will briefly introduce the basic concepts of deep learning and commonly used architectures,including convolutional neural and generative adversarial networks,as well as U-net models.Then,the characterization of 2D materials by deep learning methods will be discussed,including defects and materials identification,as well as automatic thickness characterization.Thirdly,the research progress for predicting the unique properties of 2D materials,involving electronic,mechanical,and thermodynamic features,will be evaluated succinctly.Lately,the current works on the inverse design of functional 2D materials will be presented.At last,we will look forward to the application prospects and opportunities of deep learning in other aspects of 2D materials.This review may offer some guidance to boost the understanding and employing novel 2D materials.

Investigation of Two-Dimensional Ultrasonic Surface Burnishing Process on 7075-T6 Aluminum

A novel two-dimensional ultrasonic surface burnishing process(2D-USBP)is proposed.7075-T6 aluminum samples are processed by a custom-designed 2D-USBP setup.Parameter optimization of 2D-USBP is conducted to determine the best processing strategy of 7075-T6 aluminum.A uniform design method is utilized to optimize the 2D-USBP process.U〔3(133)and 4(72)tables are established to conduct parameter optimization.Burnishing depth,spindle speed,and feed rate are taken as the control parameters.The surface roughness and Vickers hardness are taken as the evaluation indicators.It establishes the active control models for surface quality.Dry wear tests are conducted to compare the wear-resistance of the 2D-USBP treated sample and the original sample.Results show that the machining quality of 2D-USBP is best under 0.24 mm burnishing depth,5000 r/min spindle speed,and 25 mm/min feed rate.The surface roughness of the sample is reduced from 2517.758 to 50.878 nm,and the hardness of the sample surface is improved from 167 to 252 HV.Under the lower load,the wear mechanism of the 2D-USBP treated sample is mainly abrasive wear accompanied by delamination wear,while the wear mechanism of the original sample is mainly delamination wear.Under the higher load,the accumulation of frictional heat on the sample surface transforms the wear mechanisms of the original and the 2D-USBP treated samples into thermal wear.

互动语言学在汉语二语教学中的应用:理论基础与实践设计

二语教学是互动语言学极有发展前景的一个研究领域。本文简要阐述了将互动语言学应用于汉语二语教学的理论基础,并结合已有研究提出互动视角下汉语二语教学实践设计的基本思路。总体来看,互动语言学能应用于汉语二语教学有三个重要的理论基础:1)二语发展以言谈互动为原始环境;2)二语习得以互动能力为终极目标;3)二语能力以社会行为表达为核心要素。在此基础上,文章提出汉语二语教学实践四点基本思路:1)开发真实自然的汉语教材;2)创设面向交际的互动语境;3)运用基于互动的教学策略;4)开发多种模态的教学资源。

多塔大底盘RC框架隔震建筑抗震韧性设计研究

以位于Ⅷ度区(0.3 g)的某多塔钢筋混凝土(Reinforced Concrete,RC)框架建筑为研究对象,对其进行了大底盘隔震设计,研究了在设防、罕遇地震作用下3个塔楼的动力响应,并基于韧性评价标准对该隔震方案展开了2个地震水准下的抗震韧性评价。结果表明:隔震后结构基本周期延长至原来的3倍,降低了地震作用,有效控制了上部结构的地震响应。楼面绝对加速度的显著控制基本消除了加速度敏感型非结构构件的损伤。结构构件以及位移敏感型非结构构件的修复费用主导了建筑的修复费用。建筑的修复时间由阶段Ⅰ中结构构件的修复时间控制,此隔震方案下建筑的抗震韧性等级达到了三星。

多室连续混合设备桨叶设计参数优化

为优化多室连续混合设备的设计参数,开展多室连续混合设备桨叶多目标优化研究。以混合室单位体积功耗和混合室轴截面有效混合面积为目标函数,峰值剪切应力为约束变量,建立了基于径向基函数的多目标优化模型,采用正交试验设计和遗传算法对桨叶进行了参数优化,并对优化结果进行了CFD仿真和试验验证。结果表明,多室连续混合设备特性参量的显著影响因素为桨叶外径、桨叶-壁面间隙以及桨叶转速。相对于初始设计,优化后单位体积功耗降低了14.90%,混合室轴截面有效混合面积增加了4.10%,二者乘积降低了11.47%,峰值剪切应力降低了21.28%,在混合能力降低较少的情况下安全性获得了较大的提升,证明了基于径向基函数的多目标遗传算法在多室连续混合设备性能优化上的可行性。

模拟事故工况下非能动核电厂安全相关涂层的可靠性测试及评估方法研究

安全相关涂层在非能动核电厂中起着重要的作用,涂层的失效会影响核电厂安全系统的功能执行,影响核安全。国内外核监管机构对于在设计基准事故(DBA)工况下涂层系统的可靠性及评估方法非常重视。文章结合非能动核电厂涂层系统的工程应用,针对其在DBA下的可靠性及评估方法进行了研究。研究表明:在DBA下非能动核电厂安全相关涂层的可靠性要综合考虑涂层的模拟DBA性能、干膜密度、导热性能等。而非能动核电厂安全相关涂层工程应用,则需从涂层的模拟DBA性能、干膜密度、导热性能、涂层碎片(数量、大小、位置和性能等)以及包络涂层碎片后的碎片裕量等角度进行综合评估,以确定在事故工况下涂层的可靠性,不对系统安全产生影响,保证核电厂更安全、高效和经济性运行。

Innovative design and optimization of a two-dimensional deployable nine-grid planar antenna mechanism with a flat reflection surface

With the development of the aerospace industry,space missions are becoming more complicated and diversified,and there is a demand for antenna mechanisms with a larger physical aperture.In this paper,a planar deployable mechanism is proposed,which can form a flat reflection surface with a small gap between plates.To this end,a novel large-scale two-dimensional deployable nine-grid planar antenna mechanism is designed.First,two antenna folding schemes and four supporting mechanism schemes are proposed.Through comparison analysis,the antenna configuration scheme with the best comprehensive performance is selected.A kinematic model of the deployable mechanism is established,and its kinematic characteristics are analyzed.Then,the correctness of the kinematic model is verified by comparing the analytical and simulation results of the kinematic model.Subsequently,a finite element model of the antenna is developed.Based on the response surface method,the structural parameters of the support rods of the antenna are optimized,and a set of optimized solutions with lightweight and high fundamental frequency characteristics are obtained.Finally,a prototype of the proposed nine-grid planar antenna is fabricated.The feasibility of the deployment principle and the rationality of the designed mechanism are verified by deployment experiments.

设计的原点:高职院校设计基础课程的教学思考

高职院校艺术设计类专业的学生,在入学之前大多缺乏关于设计学科最基本的认知。本文围绕设计基础课程中的设计素描、设计色彩与设计基础3门通识课程,从教学理念、课程设置和作业方法等方面,探讨高职院校如何以基础课程为原点,引导学生初步建立设计意识,提升设计审美,从而为专业学习打下坚实的基础。

2010-2022年国内中小学家校合作经验研究回顾与展望

家校合作广受社会各界关注,是教育学、管理学等社会学科的核心议题之一。从理论依据、方法设计、因果变量和解释机制、时间维度等方面出发,采用混合文献研究方法,对2010-2022年国内核心期刊上的家校合作经验研究成果进行了全面梳理和系统评价。结果显示,经验研究已经成为家校合作研究领域的重要形式之一,相应的理论意识不断强化、理论资源日趋丰富,研究方法和设计具有多元化特征。研究内容方面,静态和动态相结合,考察了家校合作作为被解释变量和原因两种情形,形成了相对广阔的因果解释图景。未来相关研究应增强社会网络范式和社会生态系统的探讨,补足对政府、社会组织等更广泛范围内相关行动者的分析。

风电齿轮箱迷宫密封泄漏量分析及结构优化设计

为了分析某风电齿轮箱内迷宫密封各参数对泄漏量的影响,利用数值模拟和构建代理模型对迷宫密封的泄漏行为开展了研究。首先,根据风电齿轮箱三维实体模型构建了其迷宫密封三维流场模型;然后,基于FLUENT软件,通过单一变量法研究了迷宫密封泄漏量随进出口压力比、润滑液动力黏度、高速轴与低速轴的转速和迷宫密封的密封齿间隙的变化规律;最后,构建了径向基神经网络(RBF)代理模型,在该代理模型的基础上,在影响迷宫密封性能的因素中,选取了密封间隙、密封腔体高度和密封腔体宽度三个结构参数作为设计变量,以迷宫密封的最小泄漏量和出口最大速度为优化目标,使用非劣分层遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)获得了最优解。研究结果表明:迷宫密封泄漏量受两个转轴的转速影响很小;泄漏量与进出口压力比、密封间隙成正比,而与润滑油动力黏度成反比;求得最优解对应的参数所对应泄漏量减小了47%,出口最大速度降低了36%,数值模拟与优化理论计算结果一致。该结果可为研究迷宫密封泄漏量的影响特性提供理论依据。

汽车支架类铸件结构轻量化设计与实践

汽车轻量化作为节能环保的一种有效方法,对于改善能源、环境与安全问题具有重要意义。笔者通过工程实践从多个角度系统地开展了汽车结构件轻量化设计技术研究,总结提炼出结构件轻量化设计的原则与手法,进一步丰富了汽车零部件轻量化设计的技术基础,为整车的轻量化研究提供了参考。

“华龙一号”设计基准事故辐照鉴定剂量研究

为了确定“华龙一号”设备辐照鉴定的技术要求,需要对“华龙一号”设计基准事故下安全壳内的辐照源项和剂量进行评估。本文对事故后辐照源项的释放和迁移机理进行了研究,提出了安全壳内设计基准事故源项和剂量评估的总体方法步骤,同时对计算中的关键现象和计算假设进行了研究和确定。通过本研究,制定了一套评估“华龙一号”安全壳内设计基准事故源项和剂量的方法和假设,并对“华龙一号”设备鉴定的剂量要求进行了确定。

高职院校电路分析基础课程有效教学设计——以“正弦量的基本概念”教学实施过程为例

要解决高职院校的电路分析基础课程教学存在的矛盾,应从教学逻辑、教学过程出发探讨如何提升课堂教学质量,提升学生对知识的真正掌握程度。本文以电路分析基础课程中的“正弦量的基本概念”为例深入研究教学设计,有效利用多媒体课件、软件仿真等信息化教学手段,优化教学过程,教学逻辑层层递进,帮助学生突破本课重难点。

基于自然疗愈的大学校园景观设计研究——以浙江工业大学屏峰校区为例

自新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来,创建一个更舒适、健康的大学校园景观已成为研究热点。从景观设计角度来看,越来越多的人开始关注校园景观对人的身体和心理多维度的影响。文章首先梳理相关文献;其次搜集校园景观建成案例,探讨其关键要素;再次总结校园恢复性环境的空间设计导则,并且将其用于浙江工业大学校园设计实践,进一步阐明设计策略,以期为我国大学校园恢复性环境营造提供参考依据。

民用直升机设计更改审定基础的确定方法研究

民用直升机的型号合格审定基础是开展型号合格审定的依据,是直升机型号及其设计更改是否能够获得适航当局批准的判断准则。在以往国内民用直升机的研制和适航取证过程中,没有一个完善的审定基础分析方法和清晰的流程。该文通过对美国FAA和中国CAAC颁布的有关航空器型号合格审定设计,更改审定基础确定指导材料的分析,结合AC311A型直升机取证过程实践,总结出民用直升机设计更改审定基础的分析方法和流程,使得审定基础分析和确认更加科学化、合理化、规范化。

基于五星教学原理的教学重构探索与实践——以机械设计基础课程为例

在课程教学改革中如何进行教学重构一直是教育领域关注的重点,需要具有科学性、程序性和可行性的原则指导教学重构的过程。该文基于五星教学原理,结合目前人才培养目标多元化的要求,尝试构建一种新的教学重构范式,给出教学目标、教学内容、教学活动和教学评价的重构思路,并依托机械设计基础课程进行教学案例设计。该文给出的教学重构范式具有科学性,是对已有教学理论的创新和实践,可操作性强,能够有效提升教学效果,可以为其他课程教学重构提供参考借鉴。

高职院校会计学基础课程思政教学案例设计与探索

会计学基础作为高职院校财会类专业的专业基础课程,培养德才兼备的新时期财会专业人才是其人才培养的目标。文章以会计学基础中会计信息质量模块为例,从内容来源与思政切入、思政育人目标、教学方法、教学实施、教学评价等五个方面,展示了如何在会计学基础上设计和实施课程思政案例,为完善高职院校会计学基础课程思政建设教学提供有益探索。