High-frequency Ultrasound Evaluation of Effects of Early Treatment with Metoprolol on Myocardial Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction

This study evaluated the effects of early treatment with β-adrenergic blocker metoprolol on ventricular remodeling and function after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by using high frequency ultrasound.The relationship between the efficacy and the expression level of cardiac myocardial inflammatory cytokine was examined in rats.The rat model of AMI was induced by ligating the left ante-rior descending artery.The surviving rats were randomly assigned to two experimental groups:MI control (MI) group and MI metoprolol (MI-B) group,with the rats undergoing sham operation serving as normal control (Sham).MI-B group was given metoprolol for 4 weeks (refer to the CCS-2 protocol) and the other two groups received equal volume of saline via intragastric (i.g.) administation.The ventricular remodeling and function were evaluated by high frequency ultrasound 4 weeks after the treatment.Then all rats were sacrificed for pathological examination and immunohistochemistrical detection of inflammatory cytokines,including IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10 and TNF-α.Compared with the MI group,the left ventricular end-systolic dimension,end-diastolic dimension,end-systolic volume and end-diastolic volume of the MI-B group were significantly decreased (P<0.01),while the left ventricular anterior wall end-diastolic thickness,ejection fraction and fractional shortening were obviously increased (P<0.01).The conspicuous improvement in the left ventricular morphology and function was coincident with the markedly reduced TNF-α and IL-1β expression and the increased IL-10 expression.We are led to conclude that early metoprolol treatment for AMI can regulate myocardial inflammatory cytokine expression to improve cardiac function and the underlying mechanism might be that it decreases the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increases the level of its anti-inflammatory counterparts in cardiac myocytes.Our study also showed that echocardiography is a useful technique for the structural and functional assessment of left ventricle after acute myocardial infarction.

Clinical Value of Transperineal 3D Volume Ultrasound Combined with 2D High Frequency Ultrasound in Anal Fistula

Objective: To explore the clinical diagnostic value of transperineal volume ultrasound combined with two-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound for anal fistula. Methods: A total of 52 patients with anal fistula admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2017 to July 2018 were selected. They were all undergoing transperineal 3D volume ultrasound combined with 2D high-frequency ultrasound examination, and the diagnosis results were analyzed. The results of ultrasonography and surgical pathology were compared. Results: Among 52 patients, 3D volume ultrasound combined with 2D high-frequency ultrasound were used to diagnose 32 cases of anal fistula intersphincteric type, 14 cases of transsphincter type, 5 cases of supra-sphincter type, and 1 case of extra-sphincter type. T supervisor classification accuracy rate is 90%. The detection rate of branch pipes was 92%, and the compliance rate of internal fistula was 95%. Two-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound was used to diagnose 34 cases of anal fistula intersphincteric type, 14 cases of transsphincter type, 4 cases of supra-sphincter type, and 0 cases of extra-sphincter type. The detection rate of branch canals was 42%, and the accuracy of type classification was 90%. The coincidence rate was 95%. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of the anal fistula branch and the coincidence rate of the internal fistula between the two methods (both P Conclusion: 1) The overall coincidence rate of three-dimensional volumetric ultrasound combined with two-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of anal fistula is high;2) Three-dimensional volumetric ultrasound technology has great application prospects in infants and anal fistulas.

Application Value of High-Frequency Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis with Different TCM Syndromes

Objective: To explore the application value of high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in different syndrome types of knee osteoarthritis, and to provide more imaging evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Method: Sixty patients with KOA were selected according to TCM classification, which were mainly divided into Qi stagnation and blood stasis type and cold-dampness blockage type. All knee joints were routinely examined by high frequency ultrasound, and those with synovial hyperplasia were examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. High frequency ultrasound is the examination of synovium, cartilage and collateral ligament of knee joint based on two-dimensional ultrasound. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) refers to the contrast examination of synovium in knee joint patients with synovial hyperplasia. Result: Among them, the suprapatellar sac effusion and synovial thickening of Qi stagnation and blood stasis type were more obvious than those of cold-dampness arthralgia type (P < 0.05), and the degree of wear of the intercondylar cartilage of cold-dampness arthralgia type was more obvious than that of Qi stagnation. The blood stasis type is heavier and the meniscus bulge is higher (P < 0.05). The radiography of synovial hyperplasia showed that the area under the curve of Qi stagnation and blood stasis type was higher than that of cold dampness arthralgia type (P < 0.05), and the peak time was significantly shorter than that of cold dampness arthralgia type. There was no statistical difference in effective peak gradient and onset time of type (P > 0.05). Conclusion: To a certain extent, the high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound performance of knee osteoarthritis can be used as a dialectical reference for different TCM syndrome types.

High Frequency Ultrasound in Determining the Causes of Acute Shoulder Joint Pain

Shoulder ultrasonography is approved as the examination of choice for rotator cuff abnormality in many centers around the world since it is an inexpensive and safe tool for investigation of rotator cuff abnormalities. The goal of this study was to determine the ultrasound findings in patients with acute shoulder joint pain, and also to identify possible predictors of shoulder pain, as well as to compare the ultrasound diagnostic performance to that of MRI in such condition. A total of 65 (mean age 28 ± 1.2 years) consequential patients were recruited for a period of six months between July 2015 and June 2016 in this study. Collected data were confined on age, medical history, and clinical symptoms. Shoulder ultrasound was performed with a linear array transducer (10 - 15 MHz) connected to HI vision Avius ultrasound unit;Hitachi. MRI for the shoulder joint was performed in all cases to confirm the ultrasound results, using 1.5-T MRI system (Magnetom Espree);Siemens. Statistical analysis was completed using the standard Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) version 20 for windows. Ultrasound manages to determine the causes of acute shoulder joint pain in 98% of the patients. Fitted achievement values for shoulder ultrasound in the diagnosis the causes of shoulder joint pain were 100% sensitivity and a range of 96% to 100% of accuracy. Ultrasound presents a high sensitivity and accuracy in diagnosis a wide spectrum of shoulder joint lesions, with a diagnostic performance near to that of MRI.

Development of a High-frequency Ultrasound System for High-speed Image Scanning

High-frequency image technique has been widely applied in medical diagnosis recently. For high voltage protection, high speed stage and trigger control circuitry are difficult to implement a high-frequency ultrasound imaging system. In this study, we utilized a linear servo with high noise tolerance and a novel multi-depth expression method to overcome those issues in developed high-speed image system. B-mode image of the chicken phantom by 25 MHz transducer shows the resolution of lateral and axial resolutions are up to 123 μm and 59 μm respectively. In addition, the experiment demonstrates that the axial resolution and depth of field (DOF) can be improved by time gain compensation(TGC) and multi-depth method. The results indicate that the proposed system could achieve over 24 fps for 1 mm scan distance and 100 lines per frame. In the future, the developed system is potential for other clinical applications such as ophthalmology and dermatology.

The High Frequency (HF) Ultrasound as a Useful Imaging Technique for the Efficacy Assessment of Different Anti-Cellulite Treatments

The purpose of the research was to evaluate the role of high frequency ultrasound in monitoring and efficacy assessment of anti-cellulite treatments. A group of 66 women used 3 different types of anti-cellulite treatments;additionally a placebo group (n = 18) was created. The μ-Scan ultrasound device with a 35 MHz mechanical probe was used for the examinations. The following parameters were subjected to the ultrasound evaluation: epidermis thickness, dermis thickness, dermis echogenicity, the length and area of subcutaneous tissue bands projecting into the dermis (dermis-hypodermis junction), as well as the presence/absence of edema within the dermis. As a result of anti-cellulite treatment, the length and area of dermis-hypodermis junction significantly decreased, and dermis echogenicity significantly increased. Ultrasound imaging made it possible to evaluate the efficacy of the applied treatments. The high frequency ultrasound is a useful imaging technique for the application in aesthetic dermatology and cosmetology.

A Flexible and High Speed Digital Scan Converter for High Frequency Ultrasound Imaging

This paper presents a flexible and high speed digital scan converter (DSC) with the ability to handle high frequency ultrasound imaging in real-time. The characteristics in imaging system such as focus length of transducer, the swing radius and sampling length etc. could be changed easily in compliance with the researcher's application based on this flexible digital scan converter. Linear interpolation is employed to achieve the coordinate transformations algorithm. Custom-built software is programmed to preliminarily handle the algorithm according to different ultrasound imaging applications. High performance FPGA will implement high speed interpolation calculation based on the preliminary data which are stored in the DDR2 SDRAM from the software. 64 bit 66 MHz PCI is employed to accomplish high speed data transmission. Experiment has shown that more than 500 frame rate could be achieved based on this high speed digital scan converter. The designed flexible and high speed digital scan converter could be used in current FPGA based high frequency ultrasound imaging system.

High frequency components in avian vocalizations

Ultrasonic communication in vertebrates is attracting increasing research interest.To determine if ultrasonic vocalization is common in birds,we recorded their vocalizations with ultrasound detectors in the Dongzhai National Nature Reserve of Henan Province,China.We found varying degrees of high frequency components in the vocalizations of 14 species and in several of these species,the frequency of harmonics was up to the range of ultrasound.We suggest that more studies are required to determine whether the high frequency components in avian vocalizations have functions and what these functions are.In addition,the ability of birds to hear sounds in the high frequency range also requires re-examination.

Neuroprotective effects of ultrasound-guided nerve growth factor injections after sciatic nerve injury

Nerve growth factor（NGF） plays an important role in promoting neuroregeneration after peripheral nerve injury. However, its effects are limited by its short half-life; it is therefore important to identify an effective mode of administration. High-frequency ultrasound（HFU） is increasingly used in the clinic for high-resolution visualization of tissues, and has been proposed as a method for identifying and evaluating peripheral nerve damage after injury. In addition, HFU is widely used for guiding needle placement when administering drugs to a specific site. We hypothesized that HFU guiding would optimize the neuroprotective effects of NGF on sciatic nerve injury in the rabbit. We performed behavioral, ultrasound, electrophysiological, histological, and immunohistochemical evaluation of HFU-guided NGF injections administered immediately after injury, or 14 days later, and compared this mode of administration with intramuscular NGF injections. Across all assessments, HFU-guided NGF injections gave consistently better outcomes than intramuscular NGF injections administered immediately or 14 days after injury, with immediate treatment also yielding better structural and functional results than when the treatment was delayed by 14 days. Our findings indicate that NGF should be administered as early as possible after peripheral nerve injury, and highlight the striking neuroprotective effects of HFU-guided NGF injections on peripheral nerve injury compared with intramuscular administration.

Differential diagnosis of isolated calf muscle vein thrombosis and gastrocnemius hematoma by high-frequency ultrasound

Background Differential diagnosis of isolated calf muscle vein thrombosis （ICMVT） and gastrocnemius hematoma is essential for early identification of deep vein thrombosis （DVT）.This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of high-frequency color Doppler ultrasound for differential diagnosis of ICMVT and gastrocnemius hematoma.Methods A retrospective case series of 35 ICMVT （M∶F,21∶14; mean age （64.5±10.6） years） and 23 gastrocnemius hematoma （M∶F,16∶7; mean age （75.4±11.8） years） patients with bilateral/unilateral lower limb pain was conducted between January 2006 and September 2012.Characteristics and the morphology of high-frequency color Doppler ultrasonography of the lower limb deep vein,great saphenous vein,calf muscles,skin,and soft tissue were examined.Results ICMVT hypoechoic signals were characterized by long,tube-like masses on longitudinal sections and oval masses on transverse sections,with apparent muscle thrombosis boundaries,distal and proximal venous connections,and,often,lower limb DVT.Gastrocnemius hematoma hypoechoic signals were characterized by large volumes,enhanced posterior hematoma echo,hyperechoic muscle boundaries,no hematoma blood flow,and no DVT,and clear differences in trauma/exercise-and oral anticoagulant-induced hematomas were readily apparent.According to the measurement,the ratio of long diameter/transverse diameter （D/T） in ICMVT patients was about less than 2.0,whereas in gastrocnemius hematoma patients the ratio was more than 2.0.Early stage isoechoic and hypoechoic signals were detected with gradually increasing ovular anechoic areas.Partial muscle fibers in the hematoma due to muscle fractures were apparent.Conclusion High-frequency color Doppler ultrasound was found to be a sensitive and reliable method for differential diagnosis of ICMVT and gastrocnemius hematoma due to trauma and exercise or prolonged oral anticoagulant use.

高频超声在构建SD大鼠皮下移植性乳腺癌模型中的应用

目的:应用MADB-106大鼠乳腺癌细胞悬液皮下移植法建立SD大鼠乳腺癌移植性肿瘤动物模型,并使用高频超声监测肿瘤生长情况。方法:选取7~8周龄雌性SD乳鼠16只,将处于对数生长期的MADB-106大鼠乳腺癌细胞悬液于大鼠腹股沟皮下接种,应用高频超声观察成瘤率、肿块大小、血供情况及其它声像图特征。结果:SD大鼠接种成功率为100%,死亡2只,剩余14只生长良好;超声检查肿块为类圆形,内部低回声且稍不均匀,边界尚清,后方回声衰减,彩色多普勒扫查肿块内部及周边可见较丰富血流信号;3周后切除瘤体组织,大体观肿块成灰白色,多呈椭圆形,部分边缘呈分叶状改变,肿瘤血管较丰富,镜下可见肿瘤细胞大小形状各异,核大深染,异型性明显。结论:通过MADB-106大鼠乳腺癌细胞接种于雌性SD大鼠腹股沟皮下,成功建立了大鼠乳腺癌移植性肿瘤动物模型。高频超声技术可以在SD大鼠乳腺癌皮下成瘤过程中对肿物的大小、形态、边界、内部回声及血流等生物学情况进行动态检测,是观察和评价瘤体动态变化过程的重要技术手段。

高频超声检查和剪切波弹性成像在尿毒症周围神经病变中的诊断价值研究

目的 探讨高频超声检查和剪切波弹性成像在尿毒症周围神经病变中的诊断价值。方法 选取我院收治的尿毒症患者96例,其中伴周围神经病变患者46例(UPN组),不伴周围神经病变患者50例(NUPN组),以及同期健康体检者40例(对照组)。三组均进行年龄、性别、病史时长、实验室检查、电生理等指标检测,同时行双侧胫神经高频超声检查探查及剪切波弹性成像测量胫神经横截面积(CSA)、杨氏模量(Emean)、长径、宽径、周长,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),评价各项指标的诊断效能。结果 与对照组比较,UPN组与NUPN组血肌酐、血尿素氮、血磷浓度显著升高,而白蛋白显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与NUPN组比较,UPN组病史时长、β_2-微球蛋白、甲状旁腺素(PTH)、血钾浓度、血磷浓度均显著升高,而血红蛋白、白蛋白、血钠浓度均显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组胫神经测量值组间比较,UPN组测得胫神经的Emean、CSA、周长等均高于NUPN组及对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);测得三组样本胫神经的Emean、CSA、周长的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.899、0.675、0.582,最佳截断值分别为55.56 kPa、0.23 cm~2、1.91 cm。结论 高频超声检查和剪切波弹性成像在尿毒症周围神经病变中具有较好的诊断价值,可作为临床尿毒症周围神经病变的诊断和监测手段。

高频彩色多普勒超声诊断剖宫产术后腹壁子宫内膜异位症的临床价值分析

目的 分析高频彩色多普勒超声诊断剖宫产术后腹壁子宫内膜异位症(AWE)的临床价值。方法 选取2019年5月至2022年5月我院收治的90例疑似剖宫产术后AWE患者,均接受常规超声及高频彩色多普勒超声诊断,以病理诊断结果作为“金标准”,比较以上两种方式诊断AWE的敏感性、特异性及准确率。结果 病理诊断结果显示,90例疑似剖宫产术后AWE患者中72例确诊为阳性,18例为阴性,常规超声及高频彩色多普勒超声检出阳性例数分别为60例、 70例,阴性例数分别为10例、 16例;高频彩色多普勒超声诊断剖宫产术后AWE的敏感性、特异性及准确率分别为97.22%、 88.89%、 95.56%,均显著高于常规超声(P <0.05)。结论 高频彩色多普勒超声诊断剖宫产术后AWE的敏感性、特异性、准确性较高,值得临床推广应用。

用于血管内超声成像的高频换能器研制

血管内超声(Intravascular Ultrasound,IVUS)成像技术可以精确评估血管腔口径、血管壁形态和其他相关血流和血管特性,在冠状动脉疾病的诊断、治疗指导和治疗后的评估中发挥着重要作用。文章设计并制备了一种用于血管内超声成像的高频超声换能器,并对换能器的电学和声学性能进行测试和表征。结果表明,所制备IVUS换能器的中心频率为38.9 MHz,-6 dB相对带宽为56.6%,在谐振频率42.3 MHz处的电阻抗为22.6Ω,在反谐振频率48.2MHz处的电阻抗为56.5Ω,有效机电耦合系数为0.48。使用该换能器进行线仿体成像实验的结果显示,换能器的纵向分辨率为54μm,横向分辨率为209μm。最后,将文中制备的超声换能器与国外同类型换能器进行比较,结果表明,该换能器的性能良好,能够满足血管内超声临床检测需求,未来有望能够突破技术瓶颈,实现国产替代。

高频超声对强直性脊柱炎亚临床附着点炎的筛查评估价值

目的 探讨高频超声对强直性脊柱炎(AS)不同部位亚临床附着点炎早期诊断的价值。方法 选取2017年1月~2023年11月甘肃省人民医院就诊的AS患者100例,依据2022年全球首个附着点炎筛查与评估临床实践指南进行分组:临床附着点炎患者50例(分为有主观症状和无主观症状但有压痛2组);亚临床附着点炎患者50例(无主观症状也无压痛,需借助MRI或超声识别确诊)及50例健康志愿者,分别对其近端足底筋膜、远端跟腱、远端髌韧带、近端髌韧带、远端股四头肌腱和肱三头肌腱附着点行高频超声检查,根据不同部位附着点的厚度、结构、钙化、骨侵蚀、滑囊的厚度及能量多普勒信号,分析超声检查的特异性、敏感度和准确性。结果 受检AS患者超声检查其中有主观症状异常附着点(阳性率为54%),以股四头肌腱附着点为著;无主观症状但有压痛异常附着点(阳性率为46%),以足底筋膜附着点为著;亚临床附着点炎AS患者异常附着点(阳性率为61%),以跟腱附着点为著。高频超声不同亚临床附着点超声检查病变情况显示,与临床检查相较,AS患者亚临床附着点炎的检出率更高(P<0.05);与正常对照组比较,高频超声对亚临床附着点检出率更高,阳性表现以肌腱增厚和滑囊增厚最为常见(P<0.05)。与临床检查比较,高频超声在AS不同部位亚临床附着点早期诊断中,特异性、敏感度、准确性均较高。结论 相较于单一的临床检查,高频超声在AS患者不同部位亚临床附着点早期诊断中,可有效提高检出率,提升诊断价值,弥补了临床检查一直以来对亚临床附着点炎的低估性。

便携式高频超声在肋骨骨折诊断中的价值

目的探讨便携式高频超声在肋骨骨折诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析68例172处有肋骨骨折和18例54处无肋骨骨折的胸部创伤患者的便携式高频超声、胸部DR、64排双源CT检查结果,比较三者的肋骨骨折诊断效能。结果便携式高频超声共诊断出肋骨骨折160处,误漏诊16处;胸部DR诊断出肋骨骨折130处,误漏诊54处;64排双源CT检查出肋骨骨折165处,误漏诊10处。便携式高频超声(AUROC=0.93)和64排双源CT检查(AUROC=0.95)对肋骨骨折的诊断效能相近(P>0.05),均高于胸部DR检查(AUROC=0.77),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论便携式高频超声对肋骨骨折有很高诊断价值,是肋骨骨折的重要检查方法,在没有CT的医院可替代CT作为肋骨骨折的常规检查方法。

高频超声结合CT可有效诊断早期甲状腺乳头癌及颈部淋巴结转移

目的 探讨高频超声结合CT在早期诊断甲状腺乳头癌中的应用及对颈部淋巴结转移的预测价值。方法 回顾性分析2022年1月~2023年7月新疆医科大学第四附属医院收治的120例疑似甲状腺乳头癌患者的临床资料。所选患者均行甲状腺切除术及颈部淋巴结清扫,并进行高频超声及CT检查。以病理结果为金标准,统计高频超声、CT单独及联合检查检出甲状腺乳头癌及颈部淋巴结转移的情况,分析高频超声、CT单独及联合检查对甲状腺乳头癌的诊断价值和对颈部淋巴结转移的预测价值。结果 120例疑似甲状腺乳头癌患者中甲状腺乳头癌阳性107例(89.17%),阴性13例(10.83%);颈部淋巴结转移65例(54.17%),未转移55例(45.83%)。高频超声检出甲状腺乳头癌真阳性72例,真阴性9例;CT检出真阳性74例,真阴性10例;联合检查检出真阳性89例,真阴性11例。高频超声检出颈部淋巴结转移真阳性49例,真阴性43例;CT检出真阳性51例,真阴性44例;联合检查检出真阳性61例,真阴性52例。ROC分析结果显示,高频超声、CT联合检查诊断甲状腺乳头癌的敏感度、准确度、曲线下面积均高于高频超声、CT单独检查(P<0.05);高频超声、CT联合检查预测颈部淋巴结转移的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确度、曲线下面积均高于高频超声、CT单独检查(P<0.05)。结论 高频超声结合CT早期诊断甲状腺乳头癌的价值较高,且可预测患者颈部淋巴结转移,二者联合检查的效果优于单独检查。

高频超声联合磁共振扩散加权成像对乳腺癌预后的预测价值

目的 探讨高频超声联合磁共振扩散加权成像对乳腺癌预后的预测价值。方法 选取本院2020年7月到2022年12月收治的95例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,均行根治性手术治疗,患者术前行高频超声及磁共振扩散加权成像检查。术后随访2年,根据预后分为预后良好组(70例)和预后不良组(25例)。比较组间表观弥散系数(ADC)、收缩期峰值血流速度(PSV)、阻力指数(RI)等参数变化。单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析高频超声及磁共振扩散加权成像对乳腺癌预后的预测风险价值,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估其对乳腺癌预后的预测价值。结果 相较于预后良好组,预后不良组ADC降低,PSV、RI升高(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,ADC、PSV、RI为预测乳腺癌预后的影响因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线显示,ADC、PSV、RI联合检测时对乳腺癌预后不良的预测价值较高。结论 高频超声与磁共振扩散加权成像联合检测对乳腺癌预后有一定的预测价值。

类风湿性关节炎滑膜病变高频超声表现与Anti-ccp、ESR及CRP的相关性

目的分析类风湿性关节炎(RA)滑膜病变高频超声表现与抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(Anti-CCP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)和C反应蛋白(CRP)的相关性,以期为该疾病早期诊断及治疗方案的制定提供更为准确和科学的依据。方法选取2020年1月至2023年3月于大庆龙南医院风湿免疫科住院的治疗前RA患者65例(RA组),另选取同期于本院体检中心行体检的健康者55名(对照组)。比较两组高频超声表现、髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜厚度、滑膜动脉RI及实验室指标(Anti-ccp、ESR及CRP水平),RA组根据Anti-ccp、ESR及CRP阳性标准分为阳性、阴性组,比较Anti-ccp、ESR及CRP阳性及阴性组的髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜厚度、滑膜动脉RI。采用Pearson分析滑膜病变高频超声表现各指标与Anti-ccp、ESR及CRP的相关性。结果对照组膝积液少<4 mm;RA组80%膝积液>4 mm,多对称,尤见于内外侧隐窝。对照组滑膜难辨,RA组滑膜增厚、低回声、分界清、表面糙、见绒毛。彩超示RA组81.53%膝滑膜有明显血流信号,多为Ⅱ、Ⅲ级。RA组髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜厚度、Anti-ccp、ESR及CRP水平均高于对照组,滑膜动脉RI则低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Anti-ccp、ESR及CRP阳性组髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜厚度水平均显著高于阴性组,滑膜动脉RI低于阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜厚度与Anti-ccp、ESR及CRP水平均呈正相关(P<0.05);滑膜动脉RI与Anti-ccp、ESR及CRP水平均呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论高频超声可清晰观察RA患者的滑膜病变情况,且与Anti-ccp、ESR及CRP等实验室指标存在显著关联性,可为临床诊断RA滑膜病变患者提供有力的参考依据,利于制定更具针对性的治疗措施。

高频超声波系统智能控制技术

为改善高频超声波系统由谐振频率跟踪性能不足导致的低功率传输问题,对系统自适应处理能力加以改进。以一参数已知的超声换能器作为研究对象,围绕其搭建实验平台,建立以超声换能器工作频率、工作电流有效值为输入参数,超声驱动信号频率为输出参数的预测控制模型并嵌入单片机中,与直接数字频率合成器元件共同组成控制核心,实时预测控制供能端驱动信号频率,跟踪输出端谐振频率。实验结果显示,该技术可以有效控制超声驱动信号频率且系统跟踪调谐精度的相对误差在0.82%以内,使得输出功率误差最大为6.51%,平均控制时长为0.96 s,显著提高系统频率跟踪效果。同时,该实验方法提供了一种可以有效建立高频超声波系统预测控制模型的参考,具有较强的适用性。