Early prediction of myocardial viability after acute myocardial infarction by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging

Background Identifying the transmural extent of myocardial necrosis and the degree of myocardial viability in acute myocardial infarction （AMI） is important clinically. The aim of this study was to assess myocardial viability using two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging （2D-STI） in patients with AMI. Methods 2D-STI was performed at initial presentation, three days, and six months after primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） in 30 patients with AMI, who had a left anterior descending coronary artery （LAD） culprit lesion. In addition, 20 patients who had minimal stenotic lesions （〈 30% stenosis） on coronary angiography were also included in the control group. At six months dobutamine echocardiography was performed for viability assessment in seven segments of the LAD territory. According to the recovery of wall motion abnormality, segments were classified as viable or non-viable. Results A total of 131 segments were viable, and 44 were nonviable. Multivariate analysis revealed significant differences between the viable and nonviable segments in the peak systolic strain, the peak systolic strain rate at initial presentation, and peak systolic strain rate three days after primary PCI. Among these, the initial peak systolic strain rate had the highest predictive value for myocardial viability （hazard ratio： 31.22, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions 2D-STI is feasible for assessing myocardial viability, and the peak systolic strain rate might be the most reliable predictor of myocardial viability in patients with AMI.

应用心脏磁共振Tissue tracking探讨右室长轴心肌应力与年龄性别的关系

目的应用心脏磁共振Tissue tracking评估健康中国人右心室心肌长轴应力参数范围,以及分析其与年龄性别的关系。材料与方法以在中国医科大学附属第一医院接受心脏磁共振扫描的100名健康志愿者为研究对象,年龄20～70岁,平均年龄(45.4±15.3)岁,10岁一个年龄段分为5组,每组20人,应用德国SiemensVerio3.0TMR自由进动稳态序列采集右心室电影序列图像,实施组织追踪技术获取右室长轴应力及应力率,并对结果进行统计学分析。纳入标准:无先天性或者获得性心脏疾病、无高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖以及全身性疾病,左室收缩和舒张功能正常。结果整体长轴应力峰值(global longitudinal strain,GLS)为(-24.2±4.6)%,女性与男性比较差异无统计学意义[(-24.7±5.3)%vs (-23.5±3.6)%,P>0.05];整体长轴应力峰值与年龄无相关性(P>0.05),长轴收缩期应力率(GLS S')为-1.6±0.6(1/s),女性与男性比较差异无统计学意义[-1.7±0.6(1/s) vs-1.5±0.7(1/s),P>0.05)];长轴舒张期应力率(GLS D')为1.3±0.4(1/s),女性与男性比较差异无统计学意义[1.3±0.3(1/s) vs 1.4±0.4(1/s),P>0.05];长轴收缩期应力率(GLSD')与年龄无相关性(P>0.05);长轴舒张期应力率(GLS D')与年龄亦无相关性(P>0.05)。结论应用心脏磁共振Tissue tracking可以有效且可重复性获取右心室心肌应力参数,健康中国人右心室心肌长轴应力及应力率与年龄性别不存在显著相关性,因此右心室长轴心肌应力及应力率正常参数可以为临床右心室心脏疾病早期诊断提供参考标准。

Soft Tissue Feature Tracking Based on Deep Matching Network

Research in the field ofmedical image is an important part of themedical robot to operate human organs.Amedical robot is the intersection ofmulti-disciplinary research fields,in whichmedical image is an important direction and has achieved fruitful results.In this paper,amethodof soft tissue surface feature tracking basedonadepthmatching network is proposed.This method is described based on the triangular matching algorithm.First,we construct a self-made sample set for training the depth matching network from the first N frames of speckle matching data obtained by the triangle matching algorithm.The depth matching network is pre-trained on the ORL face data set and then trained on the self-made training set.After the training,the speckle matching is carried out in the subsequent frames to obtain the speckle matching matrix between the subsequent frames and the first frame.From this matrix,the inter-frame feature matching results can be obtained.In this way,the inter-frame speckle tracking is completed.On this basis,the results of this method are compared with the matching results based on the convolutional neural network.The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher matching accuracy.In particular,the accuracy of the MNIST handwritten data set has reached more than 90%.

Tissue Doppler,speckling tracking and four-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of right ventricular function in children with dilated cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND Right ventricular(RV)function is frequently overlooked during dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)evaluation.AIM To evaluate RV function in children with idiopathic DCM using relatively recent echocardiographic modalities.METHODS We prospectively studied the cardiac function in 50 children with idiopathic DCM and 50 healthy children as a control group,using four-dimensional echocardiography(4-DE),Tissue Doppler Imaging(TDI),and two-dimensional-speckles tracking echocardiography(2-D-STE).RV EF was measured by 4-DE.RESULTS The auto left(LV)ejection fractions(EF)measured by 2-D-STE were significantly lower in the patients'group than in the control.The sphericity index was also significantly lower in children with DCM than in the control.RV EF measured by 4-DE was significantly lower in the patient's group than the control.RV S wave,e´/a'ratio,myocardial performance index(MPI),and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion(TAPSE)were significantly impaired in children with DCM than in control.Both LV and RV global longitudinal strains(GLS)were significantly reduced in children with DCM than in control.RVGLS was significantly associated with the duration since diagnosis,tricuspid annulus S wave,RV MPI,and TAPSE,but not with the age of the patients,RV EF,or e´/a'ratio.CONCLUSION There was impairment of the RV LGS and other systolic and diastolic parameters in children with DCM.STE and TDI can help to detect the early decline of RV function.

Value of myocardial function in children with Kawasaki disease by two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking

Objective:To investigate the value of two-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking(2D-STI)and three-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking(3D-STI)in evaluating myocardial function in children with Kawasaki disease.Methods 92 children with Kawasaki disease admitted to our hospital from February 2017 to February 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.50 children who underwent 3D-STI examination were taken as observation group and 42 children who underwent 2D-STI examination were taken as control group.The left ventricular systolic function index,storage time and analysis time of the image,the diameter of coronary artery,the strain difference of left ventricular basal segment,middle segment,apical segment and whole segment were observed.Results The levels of left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV),left ventricular myocardial mass(LVMI)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)between the two groups(P>0.05).The storage time and analysis time of the image in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The left coronary artery(LCA)and right coronary artery(RCA)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference between left anterior descending(LAD)in the two groups(P>0.05).The longitudinal peak systolic strain(LS),circumferential peak systolic strain(CS)and radial peak systolic strain(RS)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The global longitudinal peak strain(GLS),global circumferential peak strain(GCS)and global radial peak strain(GRS)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).LS and CS in the middle segment of the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Compared with 2D-STI,3D-STI can objectively and accurately reflect the myocardial function of children with Kawasaki disease.

Evaluation of the Effect of Sigmoid-Shaped Interventricular Septum on Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Patients with Essential Hypertension by Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography

Objective: To evaluate left ventricular regional and global systolic function by measuring left ventricular longitudinal strain (LS) in hypertensive patients with sigmoid-shaped interventricular septum (SIS) by two-dimensional speckle tracking (2D-STE);in order to explore whether the sigmoid-shaped interventricular septum affects the left ventricular systolic function in patients with hypertension. Methods: Routine echocardiographic parameters were measured in 30 hypertensive patients with SIS (SIS group) and 30 hypertensive patients without SIS (non-SIS group). The left ventricular segments and global LS were measured by 2D-STE, and the two sets of parameters were compared. Results: The value of the thickness of the basal segment of the interventricular septum (IVSBT), the thickness of the middle segment of the interventricular septum (IVSMT) and the ratio of the basal segment of the ventricular septum to the middle segment of the interventricular septum (IVSBT/IVSMT) in SIS group was higher than that in non-SIS group. However, the value of left ventricular outflow tract diameter (LVOTD) in SIS group was lower than that in non-SIS group. There was a significant difference between the two groups (all P Conclusion: SIS affects left ventricular regional systolic function of patients with hypertension. 2D-STE can early evaluate left ventricular longitudinal systolic function in hypertensive patients with SIS.

Value of two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging in quantitative assessment of left ventricular function in patients with OSAS

Objective: To research the clinical application of two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) in quantitative assessment of left ventricular function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS). Method: From July 2016 to December 2018, 86 patients with OSAS were selected as OSAS group. According to sleep apnea hypopnea index (AHI), they were divided into mild OSAS group (24 cases), moderate OSAS group (29 cases) and severe OSAS group (33 cases). Another 50 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The left ventricular function of all patients was quantitatively assessed by 2D-STI. The left ventricular function of all patients was quantitatively assessed by 2D-STI. The results of routine echocardiography and left ventricular global strain parameters of the OSAS group, the control group and the OSAS patients with different severity were compared and analyzed. Result: There were no significant differences in the levels of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDd), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESd) between the two groups and OSAS patients with different severity (P>0.05). The levels of IVST, LVPW and LVMI in the OSAS group were significantly higher than those in the control group, the levels of end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness (IVS), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPW), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in the severe OSAS group were significantly higher than those in the mild and moderate OSAS group, and the levels of IVST, LVPW and LVMI in the moderate OSAS group were significantly higher than those in the mild OSAS group, there were significant differences between groups (P<0.05). The levels of GLS, GRS and GCS in the OSAS group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). GLS, GRS and GCS levels in the severe OSAS group were significantly lower than those in the mild OSAS group and the moderate OSAS group, while the levels of global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS) and global circumferential strain (GCS) in the moderate OSAS group were significantly lower than those in the mild OSAS group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The left ventricular systolic function of OSAS patients is obviously impaired. Left ventricular function in OSAS patients can be assessed timely and accurately by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging.

Speckle tracking echocardiography:A new approach to myocardial function

Echocardiography is the most common diagnostic method for assessing cardiac function but some limitations affect this technique.Until now,visual assessment of wall motion and thickening has allowed only a subjective evaluation of myocardial function and requires long-term training.Recently,new echocardiographic techniques have been introduced to evaluate myocardial mechanics.Tissue Doppler imaging(TDI)technique is limited by angle-dependency such that only deformation along the ultrasound beam can be derived from velocities,while myocardium deforms simultaneously in three dimensions.Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE)is a more recent technique that provides a global approach to left ventricular myocardial mechanics,giving information about the three spatial dimensions of cardiac deformation.In this editorial,we describe the physical and pathophysiological concepts of STE,discussing the differences compared to TDI and underlining the pitfalls of this new technique.

Two-dimensional electrophoretogram of acute brain injury-associated proteins Comparison between injured and normal cerebral cortex

BACKGROUND： To this date, specific molecular markers for early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of craniocerebral injury in clinical medicine do not exist. Therefore, differential detection of specific proteins might play an important role in diagnosis and treatment of this type of brain injury. OBJECTIVE： To compare differential cerebral cortical protein expression of craniocerebral injury patients and normal subjects through the use of proteomics. DESIGN： Contrast observation. SETTING： Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. PARTICIPANTS： Ten patients （6 males and 4 females, 20 58 years old）, with severe craniocerebral injury, were selected at the Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, from June 2004 to December 2006. All patients were diagnosed with CT test and Glasgow test （scores 〈 8）. Surgery was performed 4-12 hours after craniocerebral injury, and injured cortical tissues of the frontal and temporal lobes were resected for sampling. At the same time, control cortical tissues were collected from frontal and temporal lobes of 2 epileptic patients who underwent hippocampus-nucleus amygdala resection, and 2 lateral ventricular tumor patients who underwent tumor resection. The participants and their relatives provided confirmed consent, and this study received confirrned consent from the local ethics committee. METHODS： Ten samples from injured patients and 4 normal samples were compared through the use of proteomics. Total protein was separated by using two-dimensional electrophoresis with immobilized pH gradients, and the differential protein expressions were compared using image analysis after blue-sliver staining. Differential protein spot expressions were analyzed with a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry （MALDI/TOF MS） and electrospray ionization-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry （ESI-Qq TOF MS）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：① Two-dimensional electrophoresis of protein from cerebral cortex; ② differential protein expression. RESULTS： ① Two-dimensional electrophoresis of protein from cerebral cortex： two-dimensional gel electrophoretogram, which is considered to have high resolution and consistent duplication, was performed on injured cortical tissues and normal cortical tissues. The image analysis system detected 21 differential protein spots. ② Differential protein spot expressions： mass spectrometry resulted in 17 differential protein spots that related to metabolic response, oxidative stress response, and signal transduction. CONCLUSION： MALDI/TOF MS and ESI-Qq TOF MS are exceptional methods for evaluating differential protein expression. Results from this study indicated 17 different craniocerebral injury-associated proteins.

Associations of Infarct Size and Regional Myocardial Function Examined by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking Strain Analysis with the Infarct Location in Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Objective To quantitatively evaluate the associations of infarct size,regional myocardial function examined by cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking(CMR-FT)strain analysis with infarct location in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods Cardiac magnetic resonance images were retrospectively analyzed in 95 consecutive STEMI patients with successful reperfusion.The patients were divided into the anterior wall myocardial infarction(AWMI)and nonanterior wall myocardial infarction(NAWMI)groups.Infarct characteristics were assessed by late gadolinium enhancement.Global and regional strains and associated strain rates in the radial,circumferential and longitudinal directions were assessed by CMR-FT based on standard cine images.The associations of infarct size,regional myocardial function examined by CMR-FT strain analysis with infarct location in STEMI patients were evaluated by the Spearman or Pearsonmethod.Results There were 44 patients in the AWMI group and 51 in the NAWMI group.The extent of left ventricular enhanced mass was significantly larger in patients with AWMI compared with the NAWMI group(24.47±11.89,21.06±12.08%LV;t=3.928,P=0.008).In infarct zone analysis,strains in the radial,circumferential and longitudinal directions were remarkably declined in the AWMI group compared with the NAWMI group(z=-20.873,-20.918,-10.357,all P<0.001).The volume(end-systolic volume index),total enhanced mass and extent of enhanced mass of the left ventricular were correlated best with infarct zone strain in the AWMI group(all P<0.001).Conclusion In STEMI patients treated by percutaneous coronary intervention,myocardial damage is more extensive and regional myocardial function in the infarct zone is lower in the AWMI group compared with the NAWMI group.

In vitro and in vivo cell tracking of chondrocytes of different origin by fluorescent PKH 26 and CMFDA

Tissue engineering techniques for cartilage re-pair to heal defects in joint surfaces is a clinical practice. Harvested autologous chondrocytes are expanded in culture and delivered in a suitable carrier medium back into the patient>s joint de-fect. The defect is then subsequently filled by new cartilage. Whether the cells in the repair tissue originate from the engineered tissue of the host or are derived from the surrounding original cartilage remains a relevant question for the ap-plied therapy. To answer this several methods exist to track cells, such as transfection of cells with LacZ carrying viruses, radio labeling with 111 IN or 51 Cr or fluorescent labeling with FDA. However, these techniques have drawbacks such as they may influence cellular properties, are radioactive and or quickly lose their tracking ability. New fluorescent probes are easier to handle and do not to interfere with cells. PKH 26劌 is a relatively new cell-labeling agent, but few data exist on the application of this dye in chondrocytes in vitro and in vivo. 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate - CMFDA (&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#168;cell tracker green〔) is an established fluores-cent probe for imaging the dynamic processes of cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Likewise, several studies exist on different cell types. However, little data are available for chondro-cytes. The first aim of the study was to evaluate qualitative differences in fluorescence pattern after labeling of articular, auricular and costal chondrocytes. Secondly, we evaluated the influ-ence of labeling with CMFDA on cellular adhe-sion properties. The third aim was to compare the duration of cell labeling of chondrocytes of different origin with established CMFDA as stan-dard and PKH 26潴 for 3 cell generations in vitro and 12 weeks in vivo. We show that chondro-cytes from different origin can be labeled effec-tively with both PKH 26潴 and CMFDA. The PKH 26潴 labeled articular chondrocytes maintained fluorescence longer than CMFDA in vitro and in vivo. A higher percentage of articular chondro-cytes remained stained at 63 days than auricular or costal chondrocytes.

Quantum dots-labeled polymeric scaffolds for in vivo tracking of degradation and tissue formation

The inevitable gap between in vitro and in vivo degradation rate of biomaterials has been a challenging factor in the optimal designing of scaffold’s degradation to be balanced with new tissue formation.To enable non-/minimum-invasive tracking of in vivo scaffold degradation,chemical modifications have been applied to label polymers with fluorescent dyes.However,the previous approaches may have limited expandability due to complicated synthesis processes.Here,we introduce a simple and efficient method to fluorescence labeling of polymeric scaffolds via blending with near-infrared(NIR)quantum dots(QDs),semiconductor nanocrystals with superior optical properties.QDs-labeled,3D-printed PCL scaffolds showed promising efficiency and reliability in quantitative measurement of degradation using a custom-built fiber-optic imaging modality.Furthermore,QDs-PCL scaffolds showed neither cytotoxicity nor secondary labeling of adjacent cells.QDs-PCL scaffolds also supported the engineering of fibrous,cartilaginous,and osteogenic tissues from mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells(MSCs).In addition,QDs-PCL enabled a distinction between newly forming tissue and the remaining mass of scaffolds through multi-channel imaging.Thus,our findings suggest a simple and efficient QDs-labeling of PCL scaffolds and minimally invasive imaging modality that shows significant potential to enable in vivo tracking of scaffold degradation as well as new tissue formation.

TMAD评价保留射血分数无症状SAS病人左室功能受损及预后

目的:探讨组织追踪二尖瓣环位移(TMAD)技术评价保留射血分数无症状重度主动脉瓣狭窄(SAS)病人左室纵向运动功能及其对预后的预测价值。方法:入选60例保留射血分数无症状SAS病人,依据随访结果分成2组,其中有心血管相关事件定义为A组(21例),未发生心血管相关事件定义为B组(39例)。收集研究对象临床资料,所有入选病人检查后进行24个月随访。采集病人连续4个心动周期心尖四腔、三腔及两腔切面动态图像,双平面辛普森法测量左室射血分数(LVEF)。利用二维斑点追踪超声心动图技术获取左室整体纵向应变(LVGLS),四腔心获取间隔与侧壁瓣环连线中点的纵向平均位移(TMAD Midpt),设备并可自动获取TMAD占舒张末期左室长径的百分比(TMAD Midpt%)。比较2组上述各参数的差异,并分析TMAD Midpt%预测SAS病人发生心脏相关事件的价值。结果:60例病人中A组TMAD Midpt%及LVGLS低于B组(P<0.01),2组LVEF差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组病人心肌质量指数(MI)与B型脑钠肽(BNP)明显高于B组(P<0.01),2组其他临床资料及超声心动图参数比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。60例病人TMAD Midpt%随着LVGLS的降低而降低,两者呈正相关关系(r=0.696,P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析显示,TMAD Midpt%预测心脏事件与LVGLS具有相当的价值,曲线下面积分别为0.897、0.901(P<0.01)。结论:TMAD Midpt%在预测心脏事件发生方面与LVGLS具有相同的价值,而技术简便,可以快速地评估左室射血分数保留的无症状SAS病人左室功能损害及预测心脏事件的发生,值得临床推广应用。

组织瓣环运动位移评价心室肥厚患者左室收缩功能

目的探讨组织瓣环运动位移(TMAD)自动追踪技术定量评价心室肥厚患者左室收缩功能的应用价值。方法纳入60例心室肥厚患者,原发性高血压亚组30例,尿毒症亚组30例,纳入35例健康体检者作为对照组。应用二维斑点追踪技术自动获取心尖四腔心切面、心尖两腔心切面二尖瓣环四个位点TMAD值、左心室整体纵向应变(LVGLS)及左室整体圆周应变(LVGCS),应用Bland-Altman法检验TMAD参数一致性及绘制受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线评价TMAD参数的诊断效能。结果原发性高血压亚组和尿毒症亚组的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)明显高于对照组(P<0.05);尿毒症亚组的心率(HR)高于原发性高血压亚组及对照组(P<0.05)。尿毒症亚组的TMAD参数及应变参数均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。原发性高血压亚组的LVGLS、T-AP4sep、T-AP4mid%、T-AP2int、T-AP2ant及T-AP2mid%低于对照组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,TMAD各参数对心室肥厚患者左室收缩功能降低具有中等预测价值。结论TMAD可以定量评价心室肥厚患者的左室收缩功能,且可重复性好。

心脏MR组织追踪技术定量评估心肌淀粉样变性患者心肌应变

目的观察利用心脏MR组织追踪(CMR-TT)技术定量评估心肌淀粉样变性(CA)患者心肌应变的可行性。方法对20例免疫球蛋白轻链型心肌淀粉样变性(AL-CA,A组)、20例转甲状腺素蛋白型CA(ATTR-CA,B组)患者及20名健康受试者(C组)采集心脏MRI,以CMR-TT技术获得心肌应变参数;比较3组间左心室心功能参数差异,以及左心室各节段及整体心肌应变参数的差异,包括3D纵向应变(LS)、3D径向应变(RS)及3D圆周应变(CS)。结果A、B组左心室心功能参数与C组差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01),而A与B组间左心室心功能参数差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。除心尖段RS(P=0.81)外,A、B组应变参数均低于C组(P均<0.01),而A与B组间应变参数差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论CMR-TT技术可用于定量评估CA患者左心室心肌应变。

心脏磁共振组织追踪技术在慢性肾脏病患者心室功能评估中的价值

目的 通过心脏磁共振探究射血分数保留的慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者双心室的体积和质量变化,利用组织追踪应变分析评估心功能。资料与方法 回顾性分析2020年10月—2023年6月安徽医科大学第一附属医院肾内科40例无心血管疾病症状和糖尿病的肾小球滤过率<60 ml/(min·1.73 m^(2))的CKD患者及年龄、性别匹配的25名健康志愿者作为对照组。所有参与者均接受1.5T心脏磁共振平扫检查,计算心室功能、应变及左心室初始T1和T2值,比较两组间各成像参数的差异。结果 CKD患者的左心室初始T1[(1 109.6±35.9)ms]、T2[(58.1±2.9)ms]较对照组[(1 046.3±15.9)ms、(53.3±2.3)ms]显著升高(t=8.296、6.916,P均<0.001);与对照组相比,CKD患者的左心室舒张末期容积指数、左心室收缩末期容积指数、左心室质量指数、右心室舒张末期容积指数、右心室收缩末期容积指数、右心室质量指数均显著升高(t=3.233、3.350、5.751、7.746、5.937、2.363,P均<0.05),左心室整体纵向应变、左心室整体周向应变、左心室整体径向应变、右心室整体纵向应变、右心室整体周向应变、右心室整体径向应变均显著降低(t=9.506、9.072、-10.603、10.496、11.574、-4.018,P均<0.001),且左心室整体纵向应变(r=-0.636)、左心室整体径向应变(r=0.688)、右心室整体纵向应变(r=-0.513)、右心室整体周向应变(r=-0.827)、右心室整体径向应变(r=0.514)与肾小球滤过率显著相关(P均<0.001)。结论 心脏磁共振可定量评估CKD患者心肌纤维化及水肿状况,组织追踪应变分析可在心室射血分数发生改变前检测到心肌运动异常,对于早期发现CKD患者心肌受累具有一定价值。

二维斑点追踪技术评价代谢综合征患者右室收缩功能及其与心外膜脂肪厚度的关系

目的应用二维斑点追踪技术(2D-STI)评价代谢综合征(MS)患者右室收缩功能,探讨其与心外膜脂肪厚度(EAT)的关系。方法选取65例MS患者(MS组)及同期健康体检者35例(对照组),收集各代谢因素包括年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围身高比(WtHR)、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖(Glu)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC);应用常规超声心动图获取右室流出道近端内径(RVOT prox)、右室基底部内径(RV-B)、右室中部内径(RV-M)、右室长径(RV-L)、三尖瓣前叶瓣环收缩期位移(TAPSE)、三尖瓣环收缩期运动速度(S’)、三尖瓣口舒张早期与晚期峰值流速比值(E/A)、三尖瓣口舒张早期峰值流速与三尖瓣环舒张早期运动峰值速度比值(E/e’)、EAT、右室面积变化率(FAC);2D-STI技术获取右室整体纵向应变(RVGLS)、右室游离壁应变(RVFWS),比较两组上述参数的差异;分析RVFWS与各代谢因素之间的相关性。应用多元线性回归分析RVFWS的独立影响因素;采用Bootstrap自助抽样法分析临床指标是否介导EAT与RVFWS之间的关联。结果两组心率及各代谢因素比较显示,与对照组比较,MS组BMI、收缩压、舒张压、WtHR、Glu、TG、LDL-C、TC均增高,HDL-C减低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);两组年龄、性别、心率比较差异均无统计学意义。两组超声心动图参数比较显示,与对照组比较,MS组E/e’、EAT均增高,TAPSE、RVGLS、RVFWS均减低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);其余超声心动图参数比较差异均无统计学意义。MS组RVFWS与EAT、年龄、收缩压、舒张压、BMI、WtHR、Glu、TG、LDL-C、TC均呈负相关,与HDL-C呈正相关(均P<0.05);EAT、收缩压、Glu、TG、HDL-C均为RVFWS的独立影响因素(均P<0.05);EAT对RVFWS有直接影响,且收缩压、Glu、TG、HDL-C部分介导EAT对RVFWS的影响。结论2D-STI能敏感、准确地评价MS患者早期右室收缩功能。EAT为RVFWS的独立影响因素,可通过循环代谢部分介导其对右室功能产生影响。

组织多普勒联合心房容积追踪技术对缩窄性心包炎心房容积的研究机制

目的分析组织多普勒联合心房容积追踪技术在缩窄性心包炎心房容积评估中的价值。方法选取2021年1月至2022年5月期间我院收治的50例缩窄性心包炎患者为观察组,收集同期在我院接受健康体检50例健康者为对照组,所有对象均通过心房容积追踪技术对患者心房容积、功能进行评估,通过组织多普勒对心房电-机械耦联时间、心房间和心房内传导延迟时间进行测量,分析评估结果。结果观察组LAVImax、RAVImax、LAVIpre、RAVIpre、LAVImin、RAVImin明显比对照组高(P<0.05);LAEEt、RAEEt、LAEFp、RAEFp、LAEFa、RAEFa均比对照组低(P<0.05);观察组P-ALA、P-AIAS、P-ARA和TLA、TRA、TL-R均比对照组高(P<0.05)。结论组织多普勒联合心房容积追踪技术可以准确对缩窄性心包炎心房容积和心功能进行评估,为患者临床指标提供更多参考依据。

2D-STI技术联合TDI技术对不同左心室构型原发性高血压患者左室舒张功能评价的研究

目的 研究二维斑点追踪成像(two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging, 2D-STI)技术联合组织多普勒成像(tissue doppler imaging, TDI)技术对不同左心室构型原发性高血压患者左室舒张功能的诊断价值。方法 回顾性选取2020年12月~2021年12月齐齐哈尔市第一医院收治的123例原发性高血压患者,根据Ganau分型法分为左心室构型正常组(LVN组)34例和左心室重构组(LVR组)89例。其中LVR组又可分为离心性心肌肥厚组(ECH组)12例,与向心性重构组(CCR组)25例、向心性肥厚组(CCH组)52例。所有患者均行常规经胸超声心动图检查、TDI和2D-STI技术检查完成左室舒张功能评价。分析比较各组间的常规经胸超声心动图参数、左室舒张功能不全评价参数、左心房容积指数(LAVI)、E波(舒张早期)/运动速度峰值(e′)(E/e′)之间的关系。结果 由单因素和logistic回归分析可得,平均收缩压、平均舒张压、左心房容积指数LAVI、E/e′为原发性高血压患者左心室构型是否正常的重要影响因素(P<0.05)。采用Hosmer-Lemeshow检验得χ^(2)=3.537,P=0.901,拟合度好;ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.934,95%CI为0.891~0.977(P<0.05),灵敏度为85.4%,特异度为88.2%。E/e′、LAVI和三尖瓣反流速度(TR)从LVN~ECH组逐渐升高,EH组显著高于其他各组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他各组间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);LAVI除LVN与CCR外,其余各组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);TR除CCR组与ECH组外,其他各组间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。LASr、LAScd和LASct从LVN~ECH组逐渐降低。LASr除CCR组与CCH外,其余各组间均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);LAScd在组间对比均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);LASct除CCR组与CCH外,其余各组间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。左心房储备期应变(LASr)、左心房管道期应变(LAScd)及助力泵阶段应变(LASct)与LAVI及E/e′均呈负相关(r=-0.283、-0.346、-0.357,-0.524、-0.345、-0.267,P<0.05)。结论 2D-STI技术联合TDI技术能够准确检测到不同左心室构型原发性高血压患者左室舒张功能异常的指标,LAVI、E/e′及血压水平高低是左心室异常构型的重要影响因素。

超声心动图评估肝硬化患者心脏病变的研究进展

肝硬化性心肌病(Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy,CCM)是指终末期肝病患者在排除其他既往心脏病的基础上,因系统血流动力学改变引起的慢性心功能不全。既往研究表明,超负荷容量及超动力循环可导致肝硬化患者心脏结构及功能改变。因此,应用超声心动图早期评估其心脏病变,以适时干预病变发生发展,是改善预后的核心环节。本文就近年来各种超声心动图技术评估肝硬化患者的心脏结构、功能及血流动力学等研究进展进行综述,并提出联合多种超声心动图新技术能相互取长补短,提供更全面的定量分析。