Weak Galerkin Finite Element Method for the Unsteady Stokes Equation

The Weak Galerkin (WG) finite element method for the unsteady Stokes equations in the primary velocity-pressure formulation is introduced in this paper. Optimal-order error estimates are established for the corresponding numerical approximation in an H1 norm for the velocity, and L2 norm for both the velocity and the pressure by use of the Stokes projection.

UNSTEADY/STEADY NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL INCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS ON ARTIFICIAL COMPRESSIBILITY

A mixed algorithm of central and upwind difference scheme for the solution of steady/unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is presented. The algorithm is based on the method of artificial compressibility and uses a third-order flux-difference splitting technique for the convective terms and the second-order central difference for the viscous terms. The numerical flux of semi-discrete equations is computed by using the Roe approximation. Time accuracy is obtained in the numerical solutions by subiterating the equations in pseudotime for each physical time step. The algebraic turbulence model of Baldwin-Lomax is ulsed in this work. As examples, the solutions of flow through two dimensional flat, airfoil, prolate spheroid and cerebral aneurysm are computed and the results are compared with experimental data. The results show that the coefficient of pressure and skin friction are agreement with experimental data, the largest discrepancy occur in the separation region where the lagebraic turbulence model of Baldwin-Lomax could not exactly predict the flow.

Forward flight of a model butterfly: Simulation by equations of motion coupled with the Navier-Stokes equations

The forward flight of a model butterfly was stud- ied by simulation using the equations of motion coupled with the Navier-Stokes equations. The model butterfly moved under the action of aerodynamic and gravitational forces, where the aerodynamic forces were generated by flapping wings which moved with the body, allowing the body os- cillations of the model butterfly to be simulated. The main results are as follows： （1） The aerodynamic force produced by the wings is approximately perpendicular to the long-axis of body and is much larger in the downstroke than in the up- stroke. In the downstroke the body pitch angle is small and the large aerodynamic force points up and slightly backward, giving the weight-supporting vertical force and a small neg- ative horizontal force, whilst in the upstroke, the body an- gle is large and the relatively small aerodynamic force points forward and slightly downward, giving a positive horizon- tal force which overcomes the body drag and the negative horizontal force generated in the downstroke. （2） Pitching oscillation of the butterfly body plays an equivalent role of the wing-rotation of many other insects. （3） The body-mass- specific power of the model butterfly is 33.3 W/kg, not very different from that of many other insects, e.g., fruitflies and dragonflies.

HIGH-ORDER ACCURATE AND HIGH-RESOLUTION UPWIND FINITE VOLUME SCHEME FOR SOLVING EULER/REYNOLDS-AVERAGED NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

A high-order accurate explicit scheme is proposed for solving Euler/Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations for steady and unsteady flows, respectively. Baldwin-Lomax turbulence model is utilized to obtain the turbulent viscosity. For the explicit scheme, the Runge-Kutta time-stepping methods of third orders are used in time integration, and space discretization for the right-hand side (RHS) terms of semi-discrete equations is performed by third-order ENN scheme for inviscid terms and fourth-order compact difference for viscous terms. Numerical experiments suggest that the present scheme not only has a fairly rapid convergence rate, but also can generate a highly resolved approximation to numerical solution, even to unsteady problem.

谱元方法求解二维不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程

利用有限元的思想并结合谱方法的精度提出求解偏微分方程的谱元方法，在元素内插值函数使用伪谱Chebyshev逼近，并将此方法应用于求解不可压Navier-Stokes方程，具体求解了二维方腔顶盖驱动流，与公认基准解对比获得了较好的结果。

二维非定常不可压涡量-速度Navier-Stokes方程组的高精度紧致差分格式

提出了数值求解二维非定常不可压涡量-速度变量Navier-Stokes方程组的一种高精度全隐式紧致差分格式,其空间为四阶精度,时间为二阶精度,并且是无条件稳定的。为了验证本文方法的精确性和可靠性,进行了数值实验,数值实验结果与精确解或文献中的结果吻合得很好。

Navier-Stokes方程最优控制问题的一种新型投影稳定化方法

本文研究了高雷诺数下二维非定常Navier-Stokes方程最优控制问题的一种新型投影稳定化方法.通过L^2投影稳定化技巧,本文绕开了inf-sup条件对等阶有限元的束缚,克服了雷诺数较大时,对流占优引起的振荡.该方法的优点在于:所有计算只需要在同一套网格上执行,不需要嵌套网格或者将速度和压力的梯度投影到粗网格上.

求解非定常不可压Navier-Stokes方程的一种新方法

三次伪质点 (CIP)方法是有效求解广义双曲型偏微分方程的一种数值方法 ,将这种方法进行推广 ,应用到不可压Navier -Stokes(NS)方程的求解中 ,并以驱动方腔流作为算例 ,验证了此方法的可行性 .CIP方法作为一种显式格式求解不可压NS方程 ,具有计算量小 ,程序易实现等特点 .

非定常Stokes方程混合有限元方法

本文给出二维非定常Stokes方程的流函数-涡度表达式,采用混合有限元方法分别讨论流函数方程和涡度方程,得到流函数、涡度及流速场的最优阶L2误差估计。

非定常Navier-Stokes方程的一种非线性局部投影稳定化有限元方法

针对非定常Navier-Stokes方程,本文提出了一种基于非线性对流项和压力梯度的局部投影稳定化有限元方法.该方法在空间上采用等阶有限元,时间上采用隐式有限差分.本文建立了非定常Navier-Stokes方程的全离散数值格式,进而分析了离散解的稳定性和收敛性.值得注意的是,该方法中得到的误差估计随着流体雷诺数的增大依然有效.

非定常Stokes方程的间断有限体积元方法

笔者提出了非定常Stokes问题的半离散问断有限体积元格式,得到了间断有限体积元格式解的最优离散H1范数和L2范数的误差估计.

TIME ACCURATE 2D NAVIER-STOKES CALCULATIONS WITH A DUAL-TIME STEPPING METHOD

With the cell vertex finite volume discretization in space and second order backward implicit discretization in time, 2D unsteady Navier Stokes equations are solved by a dual time stepping method to simulate compressible viscous flow around rigid airfoils in arbitrary unsteady motion. The selection of physical time step is not restricted by stability condition any more, and most of the successful acceleration techniques used in steady calculations can be implemented to increase the computation efficiency.

NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE UNSTEADYINCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS ON THECURVILINEAR HALF-STAGGERED MESHNUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE UNSTEADYINCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS ON THECURVILINEAR HALF-STAGGERED MESH

In this paper, the Crank-Nicholson + component-consistent pressure correction method for the numerical solution of the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equation of [1] on the rectangular half-Staggered mesh has been extended to the curvilinear half-Staggered mesh. The discrete projection, both for the projection step in the solution procedure and for the related differential-algebraic equations, has been carefully studied and verified. It is proved that the proposed method is also unconditionally (in t) nonlinearly stable on the curvilinear mesh, provided the mesh is not too skewed. It is seen that for problems with an outflow boundary, the half-Staggered mesh is especially advantageous. Results of preliminary numerical experiments support these claims.

A FULL DISCRETE STABILIZED METHOD FOR THE OPTIMAL CONTROL OF THE UNSTEADY NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

In this paper, a full discrete local projection stabilized （LPS） method is proposed to solve the optimal control problems of the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations with equal order elements. Convective effects and pressure are both stabilized by using the LPS method. A priori error estimates uniformly with respect to the Reynolds number are obtained, providing the true solutions are sufficient smooth. Numerical experiments are implemented to illustrate and confirm our theoretical analysis.

An application of interacting shear flows theory: exact solution for unsteady oblique stagnation point flow

An analytical solution of the governing equations of the interacting shear flows for unsteady oblique stagnation point flow is obtained. It has the same form as that of the exact solution obtained from the complete NS equations and physical analysis and relevant discussions are then presented.

Momentum and heat transfer of a special case of the unsteady stagnation-point flow

This paper investigates the unsteady stagnation-point flow and heat transfer over a moving plate with mass transfer,which is also an exact solution to the unsteady Navier-Stokes(NS)equations.The boundary layer energy equation is solved with the closed form solutions for prescribed wall temperature and prescribed wall heat flux conditions.The wall temperature and heat flux have power dependence on both time and spatial distance.The solution domain,the velocity distribution,the flow field,and the temperature distribution in the fluids are studied for different controlling parameters.These parameters include the Prandtl number,the mass transfer parameter at the wall,the wall moving parameter,the time power index,and the spatial power index.It is found that two solution branches exist for certain combinations of the controlling parameters for the flow and heat transfer problems.The heat transfer solutions are given by the confluent hypergeometric function of the first kind,which can be simplified into the incomplete gamma functions for special conditions.The wall heat flux and temperature profiles show very complicated variation behaviors.The wall heat flux can have multiple poles under certain given controlling parameters,and the temperature can have significant oscillations with overshoot and negative values in the boundary layers.The relationship between the number of poles in the wall heat flux and the number of zero-crossing points is identified.The difference in the results of the prescribed wall temperature case and the prescribed wall heat flux case is analyzed.Results given in this paper provide a rare closed form analytical solution to the entire unsteady NS equations,which can be used as a benchmark problem for numerical code validation.

非定常Stokes方程的混合有限元法的高精度逼近

针对二维非定常Stokes方程,采用Taylor-Hood混合有限元法进行数值模拟。首先,利用虚功原理将方程转化为变分形式;其次,将求解区域均匀划分为有限个三角形单元,在每个逻辑单元建立与等参单元之间的联系,为速度u选取二次元基函数,为压力p选取线性基函数,从而构造空间尺度的有限元空间;然后,构造时间尺度的全离散θ-型隐格式,选取θ=0.5的Crank-Nicolson六点对称有限差分格式;最后,原问题转化为常微分方程求其数值解,并通过数值算例检验该方法的可行性与有效性。理论构造和数值结果均验证,非定常问题在空间层、时间层离散分别使用线性有限元和二次有限元计算均可得到稳定的一致收敛结果,且二次有限元的精度更高、收敛更快。为了更直观生动地展示实验结果,文章最后给出了精确解与有限元解的三维误差图。

Unsteady magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point flow — closed-form analytical solutions

This paper investigates the unsteady stagnation point flow and heat transfer of magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) fluids over a moving permeable flat surface. The unsteady Navier-Stokes(NS) equations are transformed into a similarity nonlinear ordinary differential equation, and a closed form solution is obtained for the unsteadiness parameter of 2. The boundary layer energy equation is transformed into a similarity equation,and is solved for a constant wall temperature and a time-dependent uniform wall heat flux case. The solution domain, velocity, and temperature profiles are calculated for different combinations of parameters including the Prandtl number, mass transfer parameter, wall moving parameter, and magnetic parameter. Two solution branches are obtained for certain combinations of the controlling parameters, and a stability analysis demonstrates that the lower solution branch is not stable. The present solutions provide an exact solution to the entire unsteady MHD NS equations, which can be used for validating the numerical code of computational fluid dynamics.

非定常Navier-Stokes方程的并行两水平稳定有限元算法

使用标准的有限元方法求解非定常Navier-Stokes方程所得速度误差常受压力误差影响,且误差随粘性系数的减少而增大。为了增强压力的鲁棒性,本文引入grad-div稳定项,以提高近似解的精度,提出数值求解非定常Navier-Stokes方程的并行两水平grad-div稳定有限元算法,其时间和空间离散分别采用隐式Euler格式和Galerkin有限元方法。首先在全局粗网格上求解非线性grad-div稳定问题,然后在相互重叠的细网格子区域上并行求解grad-div稳定问题,以校正粗网格解。最后给出数值实验验证理论分析的正确性和算法的有效性。

Symmetry Analysis and Exact Solutions of the 2D Unsteady Incompressible Boundary-Layer Equations

To find intrinsically different symmetry reductions and inequivalent group invariant solutions of the 2D unsteady incompressible boundary-layer equations, a two-dimensional optimal system is constructed which attributed to the classification of the corresponding Lie subalgebras. The comprehensiveness and inequivalence of the optimal system are shown clearly under different values of invariants. Then by virtue of the optimal system obtained, the boundary-layer equations are directly reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs) by only one step. It has been shown that not only do we recover many of the known results but also find some new reductions and explicit solutions, which may be previously unknown.