Two-dimensional elec tronic spec troscopy(2DES)is a powerful met hod to probe the coherent electron dynamics in complicated systems.Stabilizing the phase difference of the incident ultrashort pulses is the mos t chall...Two-dimensional elec tronic spec troscopy(2DES)is a powerful met hod to probe the coherent electron dynamics in complicated systems.Stabilizing the phase difference of the incident ultrashort pulses is the mos t challenging par t for experimen tal demonstration of 2DES.Here,we present a tuto rial review on the 2DES proto cols based on active phase managements which are originally developed for quantum optics experiments.We introduce the 2DES techniques in box and pump-probe geometries with phase stabilization realized by interferometry,and outline the fully collinear 2DES approach with the frequency tagging by acoustic optical modulators and frequency combs.The combination of active phase managements,ultrashort pulses and other spectroscopic methods may open new opportunities to tackle essential challenges related to excited states.展开更多
Extended warranty has recently obtained increasing attention from both manufacturers and customers in China. In this paper,given the reality of China, two types of non-renewing extended warranty were proposed: one-dim...Extended warranty has recently obtained increasing attention from both manufacturers and customers in China. In this paper,given the reality of China, two types of non-renewing extended warranty were proposed: one-dimensional extended warranty and two-dimensional extended warranty. And a combined warranty policy including pro-rata warranty policy and free-repair warranty policy was applied in these two types of warranty. Then the expected life-cycle cost models from the manufacturer and consumer's perspectives were developed considering different maintenance options. The optimal warranty policy, maintenance options,and warranty price were adopted in terms of a win-win interval which was determined by the maximum extra cost the consumer should pay and the minimum price the manufacture should sell at the extended warranty. Finally,a case study was given to prove the effectiveness and validity of the model.展开更多
To increase customers'satisfaction and promote product's competitiveness,a customized extended warranty(EW)policy is proposed,where the diversities in both the usage rate and purchase date are considered.The m...To increase customers'satisfaction and promote product's competitiveness,a customized extended warranty(EW)policy is proposed,where the diversities in both the usage rate and purchase date are considered.The marginal approach is applied to describe the product's two-dimensional failure in terms of age and usage,respectively.Moreover,minimal repair is adopted to restore the failure,and the virtual age method is applied to depict the effect of preventive maintenance(PM).On this basis,an optimization model is established to minimize the maintenance cost and warranty cost from the manufacturer's view,and multiple factors are taken into account,including the PM's intensity and its period,and EW's interval,etc.A numerical case study is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.The results show that by considering the product's usage rate and the purchasing date of EW,the number of failures as well as the cost of maintenance and warranty can be reduced effectively.展开更多
Warranty claims forecasting plays an increasingly important role not only for preparing financial plans but also for optimizing warranty policy and improving after-sale services.In the case of new products,an importan...Warranty claims forecasting plays an increasingly important role not only for preparing financial plans but also for optimizing warranty policy and improving after-sale services.In the case of new products,an important feature is that the new generation of products often has a close connection with the previous generations of products it replaces.Thus,the warranty claims data of the previous generations of products can be used for extracting reliability information of new products.In this context,we propose a warranty claims forecasting model considering usage rate for new products sold with a two-dimensional warranty.The accelerate failure time model is introduced to investigate the effect of usage rate on product degradation.The non-homogeneous Poisson process is used to model failure counts of repairable products and the constrained maximum likelihood estimation method is used to estimate model parameters.The results of data experiments based on both simulation and real data collected from an automobile manufacturer in China show that the proposed model considering the varying usage rate outperforms the traditional models in forecasting the number of warranty claims.展开更多
基金This work is supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFA0303700 and No.2018YFA0209101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21922302,No.21873047,No.11904168,No.91833305,and No.91850105)+1 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University.
文摘Two-dimensional elec tronic spec troscopy(2DES)is a powerful met hod to probe the coherent electron dynamics in complicated systems.Stabilizing the phase difference of the incident ultrashort pulses is the mos t challenging par t for experimen tal demonstration of 2DES.Here,we present a tuto rial review on the 2DES proto cols based on active phase managements which are originally developed for quantum optics experiments.We introduce the 2DES techniques in box and pump-probe geometries with phase stabilization realized by interferometry,and outline the fully collinear 2DES approach with the frequency tagging by acoustic optical modulators and frequency combs.The combination of active phase managements,ultrashort pulses and other spectroscopic methods may open new opportunities to tackle essential challenges related to excited states.
文摘Extended warranty has recently obtained increasing attention from both manufacturers and customers in China. In this paper,given the reality of China, two types of non-renewing extended warranty were proposed: one-dimensional extended warranty and two-dimensional extended warranty. And a combined warranty policy including pro-rata warranty policy and free-repair warranty policy was applied in these two types of warranty. Then the expected life-cycle cost models from the manufacturer and consumer's perspectives were developed considering different maintenance options. The optimal warranty policy, maintenance options,and warranty price were adopted in terms of a win-win interval which was determined by the maximum extra cost the consumer should pay and the minimum price the manufacture should sell at the extended warranty. Finally,a case study was given to prove the effectiveness and validity of the model.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71671035)the Project of 2018 Intelligent Manufacturing Comprehensive Standard of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Chinathe Open Fund of Jiangsu Wind Power Engineering Technology Center of China(No.ZK19-03-03)。
文摘To increase customers'satisfaction and promote product's competitiveness,a customized extended warranty(EW)policy is proposed,where the diversities in both the usage rate and purchase date are considered.The marginal approach is applied to describe the product's two-dimensional failure in terms of age and usage,respectively.Moreover,minimal repair is adopted to restore the failure,and the virtual age method is applied to depict the effect of preventive maintenance(PM).On this basis,an optimization model is established to minimize the maintenance cost and warranty cost from the manufacturer's view,and multiple factors are taken into account,including the PM's intensity and its period,and EW's interval,etc.A numerical case study is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.The results show that by considering the product's usage rate and the purchasing date of EW,the number of failures as well as the cost of maintenance and warranty can be reduced effectively.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.71802145,71902180,71872123,and 71801064,71532008.
文摘Warranty claims forecasting plays an increasingly important role not only for preparing financial plans but also for optimizing warranty policy and improving after-sale services.In the case of new products,an important feature is that the new generation of products often has a close connection with the previous generations of products it replaces.Thus,the warranty claims data of the previous generations of products can be used for extracting reliability information of new products.In this context,we propose a warranty claims forecasting model considering usage rate for new products sold with a two-dimensional warranty.The accelerate failure time model is introduced to investigate the effect of usage rate on product degradation.The non-homogeneous Poisson process is used to model failure counts of repairable products and the constrained maximum likelihood estimation method is used to estimate model parameters.The results of data experiments based on both simulation and real data collected from an automobile manufacturer in China show that the proposed model considering the varying usage rate outperforms the traditional models in forecasting the number of warranty claims.
