Combination of Nitrogen-Rich Skeleton and Coordination Group:Synthesis of a High-Energy Primary Explosive Based on 1H-Tetrazole-5-Carbohydrazide

The high energy coordination compounds Cu(TZCA)_(2)(ClO_(4))_(2)(ECCs-1) was prepared by 1H-tetrazole-5-carbohydrazide(TZCA) with a high energy skeleton and a strong coordination ability group.At the same time,the reaction activity of the ligand was explored,and the single crystal structure of it and intermediate were obtained.The structures of all substances were characterized by IR and EA.And the structure and composition of ECCs-1 are confirmed by ESP,AC,SEM and ICP-OES.Physical and chemical properties tests show that ECCs-1 has an acceptable thermal stability(T_(d)=177℃) and extremely sensitive mechanical stimulation(IS=1 J,FS=5 N).The comprehensive performance test results show that ECCs-1 has excellent initiation ability.In addition,the decomposition mechanism of ECCs-1 is explored from two aspects of experiment and theoretical calculation.

A Decomposition and Coordination Scheduling Method for Flow-shop Problem Based on TOC

There are many flow shop problems of throughput (denoted by FSPT) with constraints of due date in real production planning and scheduling. In this paper, a decomposition and coordination algorithm is proposed based on the analysis of FSPT and under the support of TOC (theory of constraint). A flow shop is at first decomposed into two subsystems named PULL and PUSH by means of bottleneck. Then the subsystem is decomposed into single machine scheduling problems,so the original NP-HARD problem can be transferred into a serial of single machine optimization problems finally. This method reduces the computational complexity, and has been used in a real project successfully.

A novel decomposition and coordination algorithm for complex networks and its application to power grids

To analyze and control complex networks effectively, this paper puts forward a new kind of scheme, which takes control separately in each area and can achieve the network’s coordinated optimality. The proposed algorithm is made up of two parts: the first part decomposes the network into several independent areas based on community structure and decouples the information flow and control power among areas; the second part selects the center nodes from each area with the help of the control centrality index. As long as the status of center nodes is kept on a satisfactory level in each area, the whole system is under effective control. Finally, the algorithm is applied to power grids, and the simulations prove its effectiveness.

Synthesis Characterization Non-isothermal Kinetics of the Thermal Decomposition and Redox Properties Derived from Copper(Ⅱ) Binuclear Coordination Compound of 1,4-Bis-(1'-Phenyl-3'-Methyl-5'-Pyrazolone-4')-1,4-Butanedione

The paper reports the synthetic procedure and character of Copper(II) binuclearcoordination compound of 1,4-bis-(1'-phenyl-3'-methyl-5'-pyrazolone Thenon-isothermal kinetics of thermal decomposition of the complex has been stUdied from the TG-DTGcurves by means of the Achar et al. and Coats-Redfern methods,the most probab1e kinetic equation canbe expressed as dofdtrAe -E / RT * l /(2Q).The corresponding kinetic compensation effect expressions arefound to be lnuA=0. 1794E+0. 1689.The non-isothermal thermal decomposition process of the complex isone-dimensional diffusion.But electrochemical studies of the complex(Cu2L'2)from cyclic voltamrnetriccurves by means of powder microelectrodes technique'',shows one two-electron irreversible process.

A Projection and Decomposition Approach for Multi-agent Coordinated Scheduling in Power Systems

Aiming at multi-agent coordinated scheduling problems in power systems under uncertainty,a generic projection and decomposition(P&D)approach is proposed in this letter.The canonical min-max-min two-stage robust optimization(TSRO)model with coupling constraints is equivalent to a concise robust optimization(RO)model in the version of mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)via feasible region projection.The decentralized decoupling of the non-convex MILP problem is realized through a dual decomposition algorithm,which ensures the fast convergence to a high-quality solution in the distributed optimization.Numerical tests verify the superior performance of the proposed P&D approach over the existing distributed TSRO method.

Two Novel Nitrogen-rich Energetic Coordination Compounds M_2(DAT)_5(H_2O)_3(TNR)_2(M = Zn and Co):Synthesis,Characterization,Thermal Properties and Sensitivity

Two novel energetic coordination compounds Zn2（DAT）5（H2O）3（TNR）2 and Co2（DAT）5（H2O）3（TNR）2 were synthesized and their structures were characterized by elemental analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy.The crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The results reveal that the compounds have similar molecular structures and the crystals belong to the triclinic system,space group P with a = 11.491（3）,b = 13.564（3）,c = 15.496（3） ,V = 2180.4（8） 3,C17H28 Zn2N36O19,Mr = 1203.02 g·mol-1,Dc = 1.832 g·cm-3,μ（MoKα） = 1.221 mm-1,F（000） = 1223,Z = 2,R = 0.0596 and wR = 0.1514 for 11289 observed reflections（I 〉 2σ（I）） for Zn2（DAT）5（H2O）3（TNR）2 and a = 11.5291（13）,b = 13.4894（15）,c = 15.4852（17） ,V = 2164.8（4） 3,C17H28Co2N36O19,Mr = 1190.14 g·mol-1,Dc = 1.826 g·cm-3,μ（MoKα） = 0.888 mm-1,F（000） = 1211,Z = 2,R = 0.0576 and wR = 0.1431 for 11218 observed reflections（I 〉 2σ（I）） for Co2（DAT）5（H2O）3（TNR）2,respectively.The thermal decomposition characteristics of the com-pounds were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetry-diffediffer-rential thermal gravimetry.The results of thermal decomposition processes were similar for the two compounds.Both undergo four-step decomposition after the loss of coordinated H2O molecules.The final solid residues for the two DAT complexes were the corresponding metal oxides.The kinetic parameter of the first exothermic process of the compounds was studied by applying the Kissinger and Ozawa-Doyle methods.The thermodynamic parameters of the activation could be calculated.Sensitivity tests revealed that Co2（DAT）5（H2O）3（TNR）2 was more sensitive than Zn2（DAT）5（H2O）3（TNR）2.

Connected Vehicle-Based Traffic Signal Coordination

This study presents a connected vehicles(CVs)-based traffic signal optimization framework for a coordinated arterial corridor.The signal optimization and coordination problem are first formulated in a centralized scheme as a mixed-integer nonlinear program(MINLP).The optimal phase durations and offsets are solved together by minimizing fuel consumption and travel time considering an individual vehicle’s trajectories.Due to the complexity of the model,we decompose the problem into two levels:an intersection level to optimize phase durations using dynamic programming(DP),and a corridor level to optimize the offsets of all intersections.In order to solve the two-level model,a prediction-based solution technique is developed.The proposed models are tested using traffic simulation under various scenarios.Compared with the traditional actuated signal timing and coordination plan,the signal timing plans generated by solving the MINLP and the two-level model can reasonably improve the signal control performance.When considering varies vehicle types under high demand levels,the proposed two-level model reduced the total system cost by 3.8%comparing to baseline actuated plan.MINLP reduced the system cost by 5.9%.It also suggested that coordination scheme was beneficial to corridors with relatively high demand levels.For intersections with major and minor street,coordination conducted for major street had little impacts on the vehicles at the minor street.

A High-order Coupled Compact Integrated RBF Approximation Based Domain Decomposition Algorithm for Second-order Differential Problems

This paper presents a high-order coupled compact integrated RBF(CC IRBF)approximation based domain decomposition(DD)algorithm for the discretisation of second-order differential problems.Several Schwarz DD algorithms,including one-level additive/multiplicative and two-level additive/multiplicative/hybrid,are employed.The CCIRBF based DD algorithms are analysed with different mesh sizes,numbers of subdomains and overlap sizes for Poisson problems.Our convergence analysis shows that the CCIRBF two-level multiplicative version is the most effective algorithm among various schemes employed here.Especially,the present CCIRBF two-level method converges quite rapidly even when the domain is divided into many subdomains,which shows great promise for either serial or parallel computing.For practical tests,we then incorporate the CCIRBF into serial and parallel two-level multiplicative Schwarz.Several numerical examples,including those governed by Poisson and Navier-Stokes equations are analysed to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the serial and parallel algorithms implemented with the CCIRBF.Numerical results show:(i)the CCIRBF-Serial and-Parallel algorithms have the capability to reach almost the same solution accuracy level of the CCIRBF-Single domain,which is ideal in terms of computational calculations;(ii)the CCIRBF-Serial and-Parallel algorithms are highly accurate in comparison with standard finite difference,compact finite difference and some other schemes;(iii)the proposed CCIRBF-Serial and-Parallel algorithms may be used as alternatives to solve large-size problems which the CCIRBF-Single domain may not be able to deal with.The ability of producing stable and highly accurate results of the proposed serial and parallel schemes is believed to be the contribution of the coarse mesh of the two-level domain decomposition and the CCIRBF approximation.It is noted that the focus of this paper is on the derivation of highly accurate serial and parallel algorithms for second-order differential problems.The scope of this work does not cover a thorough analysis of computational time.

Regulating local coordination environment of rhodium single atoms in Rh/CeO_(2) catalysts for N_(2)O decomposition

Rh single atom catalysts(SACs)have been insensitively investigated recently due to the maximum utilization efficiency of Rh,one of the most expensive precious metals.Although great efforts have been made in the development and application of Rh SACs,there are few reports on the precise control of the local coordination environment of Rh single sites on CeO_(2) and their catalytic performance for N_(2)O decomposition.Herein,Rh/CeO_(2) catalysts with different Rh-O coordination numbers(CNs)were successfully prepared using different CeO_(2) supports and a simple incipient wetness impregnation(IWI)method.It is observed that the Rh/CeO_(2) catalyst with slightly higher CN of Rh-O(Rh/CeO_(2)-H)prepared from CeO_(2) shows much higher N_(2)O decomposition activity than the catalyst with lower CN of Rh-O(Rh/CeO_(2)-L)obtained from Ce(OH)_(x).The Rh species within Rh/CeO_(2)-H are found to be more reactive than those within Rh/CeO_(2)-L,which can better facilitate the O_(2)desorption once formed during N_(2)O deco mposition.In additio n,more surface oxygen vacancies are present on Rh/CeO_(2)-H than on Rh/CeO_(2)-L,well explaining the superior N_(2)O adsorption and activation capability on the former catalyst.It is concluded that more abundant oxygen vacancies and reactive Rh single atom sites with slightly higher CN of Rh-O and significantly higher reducibility altogether contribute to the superior N_(2)O decomposition activity on the Rh/CeO_(2)-H catalyst.

Power Purchase Model of Provincial Grids Based on Diverse Energy Coordination Hedging Optimization

Under the background of energy conservation, the grid companies should give priority to consumptive hydropower, wind power and other clean electricity to fulfill their social responsibility and promote the carbon emission reduction in power industry. But under the current power purchase mode, grid companies must first perform the contract. This is extremely uneconomical and not environmentally friendly. Based on hedging theory, this paper proposes a power purchase optimization model using the strategy of “compression and compensation”. If outer price is lower than the contract price, the grid can compress contract power appropriately, leaving more space for purchasing electricity;if outer price is not attractive enough, the grid should timely improve contract proportion, compensating the deviations of contract caused by "compression". Based on the strategy of "compression and compensation", it can effectively reduce the abandoned wind and water, enhance the economic and social benefits of provincial power grid.

STAR-RIS辅助的NOMA系统物理层安全性能优化

针对实际通信场景中非理想信道状态信息以及非理想串行干扰删除等非理想因素的强耦合特性使可同时反射和透射的可重构智能超表面(STAR-RIS)辅助的非正交多址接入(NOMA)传输系统安全性能无法准确衡量的问题,提出了基于惩罚对偶分解(PDD)和块坐标下降(BCD)的融合算法,联合优化基站的波束成形矢量和STAR-RIS相移系数,实现系统最低安全传输速率的最大化。结果表明,所提融合算法相比BCD算法可以明显增加最低安全传输速率,性能至少提升10%。

基于麻雀搜索算法的梯级泵站优化调度

针对梯级泵站系统运行效率普遍偏低、能耗损失较大等问题,建立了梯级泵站优化调度模型,引入了寻优能力强、搜索精度高的麻雀搜索算法(SSA),对算法中安全阈值和侦察者占比两参数进行了比选;据此提出了基于SSA算法的梯级泵站优化调度方法,并将其应用于密云水库调蓄工程中的三级泵站优化调度研究。结果表明,三种不同流量工况下,相较于现状方案,PSO及GA算法所得优化方案其系统运行效率可提升0.03%~0.18%,年运行成本可节省¥9,700~¥69,500。利用SSA算法所获优化方案在两项指标改进方面更为突出,可达到0.98%~1.20%的效率提升及¥369,000~¥443,900的年运行费用的节省,验证了SSA算法在梯级泵站优化调度中的可行性和高效性,可为梯级泵站优化调度提供一种合理可靠的方法。

台风灾害下考虑多类型故障不确定性的源网荷协同弹性提升模型

针对现有弹性提升模型系统故障不确定性刻画不充分、源网荷弹性提升措施未协同的问题,提出了一种台风灾害下计及多类型故障不确定性的源网荷协同弹性提升模型。首先,构建了多类型故障概率分布不确定集,以刻画台风灾害下最严重、最可能、连锁故障3类典型故障的概率分布不确定性。接着,基于分布鲁棒优化思想,提出了长短期结合、源网荷协同的分布鲁棒弹性提升措施模型:针对台风灾害下最恶劣多类型故障概率分布场景,在灾前通过输电网扩展规划、快/慢机开机组合、输电网结构优化进行预防,灾中通过差异化切负荷和发电机调度进行抵御和响应。结合模型数学结构特征,基于Benders分解和列与约束生成思想,设计原始-对偶并行分解算法完成模型求解。最后,以IEEE-30节点和中国某区域261节点系统为例,研究了源网荷协同措施的弹性提升效果,验证了所提方法的有效性。

丝绸之路经济带旅游产业-经济-环境系统空间错位分析

丝绸之路经济带是中国形成全方位对外开放格局、实现东西部均衡协调发展的关键,旅游业的高质量发展是丝绸之路经济带建设主要组成部分。论文通过构建旅游产业—经济—环境系统评价体系,基于面板数据,利用重力模型、空间错位指数模型、均方差分解等方法,测度2010—2019年丝绸之路经济带九省份旅游产业、经济、环境系统的空间错位状况及影响因素。研究发现:三大系统重心均向西南四省份偏移且各自间存在错位现象,其中经济重心错位最为显著;总体空间错位指数呈上升趋势,整体错位状况加深,总体差异主要来源于西北与西南地区的区间差异;冷热点时空演变呈现“西南集中、西北分散”的特征;各地区的空间错位指数受多系统多因素的影响且多指向生态环境和经济系统。

高速列车转向架动力学设计指标分解冲突博弈协调方法

为解决传统的高速列车动力学性能多目标优化方法缺乏考虑设计指标之间的相互作用且主观性强、可解释性差、效率低等问题,提出一种基于博弈论的高速列车转向架动力学设计指标分解协调方法。首先,基于灵敏度分析结果建立7个动力学性能设计指标与13个转向架设计参数之间的分解映射,分析了动力学设计指标分解中的冲突关系并提取了冲突要素;然后,将互相冲突的动力学设计指标的分解协调转化为一个博弈过程,确定博弈中的决策结构,构建了博弈主体的效用函数并建立冲突性能的主从博弈协调模型;其次,设计一种基于遗传算法和二次规划联合的Nash均衡求解算法,以Nash均衡作为设计指标分解结果;最后,以高速列车稳定性和曲线通过性能的博弈协调为例验证了博弈协调模型与求解方法的可行性和有效性。研究结果表明:该方法不依赖于人工设置即可快速得到与高速列车实际设计参数相近的结果,并且在该结果下临界速度、脱轨系数、轮重减载率等指标均满足要求。引入博弈论进行动力学性能多目标优化不仅可获得直线稳定性和曲线通过安全性相对均衡的动力学性能,还减少了设计迭代次数,提高了设计效率,且所求取的是数学意义上的Nash均衡,极大地降低了主观性。研究成果可为高速列车悬挂系统设计和动力学性能协调优化提供参考。

基于分解协调机制的多层单元流水式车间布局优化方法

针对多层单元流水式车间,考虑其具有随机性因素的特点,研究了该车间的布局优化方法。首先,以最小化总运输成本为目标函数,建立具有产出率和生产周期等约束的优化模型;其次,根据系统性能指标没有封闭数学表达式的问题特点,提出一种基于分解协调的优化算法,同时嵌入排队网模型进行迭代求解;最后,设计了一系列算例实验验证所提方法的有效性和优越性,并将其代入实际生产车间进行案例分析,为该类生产车间的布局规划问题提供重要的决策依据。

基于改进水量-能量空间坐标分解法的黄河流域实际蒸散发变化归因分析

为探究气候变化和人类活动对黄河流域蒸散发的影响程度,研究基于最新的ERA5-Land数据,分析了黄河流域1961—2020年蒸散发及相关要素的时空演变特征。结合改进的水量-能量空间坐标分解法对实际蒸散发变化进行定量归因。结果表明,改进的水量-能量空间坐标分解法原理更加清晰,计算简单,可操作性更强。1961—2020年黄河流域实际蒸散发量和降水量均呈现显著减少趋势,减少率分别为4.5和15.9 mm/10a,而潜在蒸散发量和干燥指数则表现出显著增加趋势,增加率分别为24.4 mm/10a和0.078/10a。实际蒸散发量的减少主要集中在黄河中、下游地区,而黄河源区有一定的增加趋势。定量归因结果显示,气候变化导致实际蒸散发量减少,贡献率为79%,而下垫面变化造成实际蒸散发量增加,贡献率为21%,因此,气候变化是黄河流域实际蒸散发变化的主要驱动因素。此外,研究期望为黄河流域未来的水资源开发利用和高质量发展提供科学参考。

基于混合变量目标分解模型的热电联产光储热力电力系统运行优化

光伏、储能电池、燃煤热电联产机组组成的综合能源系统,其电力热力系统间孤立运营,为分析其热力电力系统间的信息交互与经济协调调度的关系,依据J.F.Benders混合变量目标分解法对热电联产光储热力电力系统的物理模型按照热力主系统和电力子系统进行分解,通过目标函数和系统边界条件分析子目标之间的信息交互情况,得出光电消纳储存与热电联产协调调度运行的数学模型,并对保护信息加以隔离重定向,以Gurobi求解器迭代计算混合整数规划多维变量问题。基于综合能源系统案例分析了电力热力不同负荷需求下的3种运行工况,发现热力电力运营系统间经济效益协同互补,且信息交互扩大了光电的消纳空间,系统净负荷平均降低了13.63%,交互功率损失每年减少了948.07万元,能源利用效率提高了4.48百分点,可见本模型可以服务于综合能源系统的经济协调调度优化和提高能效。

SSA-VMD与小波分解结合的GNSS坐标时序降噪方法

利用麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algorithm, SSA)优化变分模态分解(VMD),然后结合小波分解(WD),提出一种GNSS坐标时间序列降噪方法IVMD-WD。利用仿真信号和10个基准站的实测数据进行GNSS坐标时间序列降噪实验。结果表明,IVMD-WD方法的降噪效果优于经验模态分解(EMD)、集合经验模态分解(EEMD)和WD,能够更加有效地剔除GNSS坐标时间序列中的噪声。