A better understanding of two-phase flows with evaporation allows leading to an optimal design of evaporators. For that purpose, numerical simulations are very useful. In this paper, a numerical study has been carried...A better understanding of two-phase flows with evaporation allows leading to an optimal design of evaporators. For that purpose, numerical simulations are very useful. In this paper, a numerical study has been carried out in order to model and simulate the combination of a two-phase flow with evaporation in a vertical tube. The VOF （volume-of-fluid） multiphase flow method and a phase-change model for the mass transfer have been used. For an accurate modeling, the effect of axial conduction has been also taken into account using a conjugate heat transfer model. Since thermal oscillations are undesirable as they can lead to the failure of the tube, flow instabilities have also been analyzed, using FFT （fast Fourier transforms）, in order to comprehend their behavior and influence. A control study of the flow instabilities in the tube is also presented. For that purpose tube inlet temperature has been varied using a gain control parameter.展开更多
This paper provides a review of the recent results on the stability of vortex sheets in compressible flows.Vortex sheets are contact discontinuities of the underlying flows.The vortex sheet problem is a free boundary ...This paper provides a review of the recent results on the stability of vortex sheets in compressible flows.Vortex sheets are contact discontinuities of the underlying flows.The vortex sheet problem is a free boundary problem with a characteristic boundary and is challenging in analysis.The formulation of the vortex sheet problem will be introduced.The linear stability and nonlinear stability for both the two-dimensional two-phase compressible flows and the two-dimensional elastic flows are summarized.The linear stability of vortex sheets for the three-dimensional elastic flows is also presented.The difficulties of the vortex sheet problems and the ideas of proofs are discussed.展开更多
An experimental investigation is described for the characteristics of convective boiling flow instabilities in horizontally helically coiled tubes using a steam-water two-phase closed circulation test loop at pressure...An experimental investigation is described for the characteristics of convective boiling flow instabilities in horizontally helically coiled tubes using a steam-water two-phase closed circulation test loop at pressure from 0.5 MPa to 3.5 MPa. Three kinds of oscillation are reported: density waves; pressure drop excursions; thermal fluctuations. We describe their dependence on main system parameters such as system pressure, mass flowrate, inlet subcooling, compressible volume and heat flux. Utilizing the experimental data together with conservation constraints, a dimensionless correlation is proposed for the occurrence of density waves.展开更多
Impinging-jet injectors are widely used in liquid propulsion applications, since their simple configuration provides reliable and efficient atomization. The flowfield involves a series of complicated spatio-temporal e...Impinging-jet injectors are widely used in liquid propulsion applications, since their simple configuration provides reliable and efficient atomization. The flowfield involves a series of complicated spatio-temporal evolutions. Much effort has been directed toward understanding the underlying physics and developing quantitative predictions of impinging-jet atomization. This paper summarizes the recent advances in this direction, including state-of-the-art theoretical, experimental, and numerical studies, along with representative results. Finally, concluding remarks address remaining challenges and highlight modeling capabilities of high-fidelity simulations.展开更多
Over the past 13 years, ANDRITZ Hydro has developed an in-house tool based on the SPH-ALE method for applications in flow simulations in hydraulic turbines. The initial motivation is related to the challenging simulat...Over the past 13 years, ANDRITZ Hydro has developed an in-house tool based on the SPH-ALE method for applications in flow simulations in hydraulic turbines. The initial motivation is related to the challenging simulation of free surface flows in Pelton turbines, where highly dynamic water jets interact with rotating buckets, creating thin water jets traveling inside the housing and possibly causing disturbances on the runner. The present paper proposes an overview of industrial applications allowed by the developed tool, including design evaluation of Pelton runners and casings, transient operation of Pelton units and free surface flows in hydraulic structures.展开更多
This paper presents linear separated model describing two-phase now instability. By employing the method of separated model and system control theory, dynamic system characteristic equations of describing two-phase fl...This paper presents linear separated model describing two-phase now instability. By employing the method of separated model and system control theory, dynamic system characteristic equations of describing two-phase flow instability are derived.It can be decided system stability depending on the characteristic value of characteristic equations. The calculated results agree well with the experimental data.展开更多
High speed expansion flows of pure vapors or gas/vapor mixtures are important to many technical applications, e.g. to steam turbines, jet engines, and for safety control of pressurized power plants.The sudden cooling ...High speed expansion flows of pure vapors or gas/vapor mixtures are important to many technical applications, e.g. to steam turbines, jet engines, and for safety control of pressurized power plants.The sudden cooling of the fluid flow leads to condensation and nonequilibrium two-phase now with instabilities and periodic shock formation at mean frequencies of about 1 kHz. Modelling and control of this dynamical problem is not only important with respect to erosion, it also may cause flutter excitation and serious demolition of technical facilities. In numerical simulations, the time dependent 2-D Elller equations collpled to four equations describing the process of homogeneous nucleation and droplet growth are solved by a MUSCL-type finite volume method. The results are compared with experiments carried out in an atmospheric supersonic wind tunnel. By application of this numerical method to internal flows (nozzles) we found different modes of instabilities including bifurcations. At the stability limit a sharp frequency minimum was found for symmetric oscillations in slender nozzles. It separates oscillation modes where the oncoming subsonic flow remains unchanged from the oscillatory state where a shock monotonically moves upstream into the oncoming flow. For different nozzles we detected a new unsymmetric oscillation mode with a complex system of upstream moving oblique shocks. Here the frequency curve shows the typical structure of a bifurcation problem, which is definitely not controlled by viscous effects but by instabilities of the interaction of flow and phase transition process.展开更多
文摘A better understanding of two-phase flows with evaporation allows leading to an optimal design of evaporators. For that purpose, numerical simulations are very useful. In this paper, a numerical study has been carried out in order to model and simulate the combination of a two-phase flow with evaporation in a vertical tube. The VOF （volume-of-fluid） multiphase flow method and a phase-change model for the mass transfer have been used. For an accurate modeling, the effect of axial conduction has been also taken into account using a conjugate heat transfer model. Since thermal oscillations are undesirable as they can lead to the failure of the tube, flow instabilities have also been analyzed, using FFT （fast Fourier transforms）, in order to comprehend their behavior and influence. A control study of the flow instabilities in the tube is also presented. For that purpose tube inlet temperature has been varied using a gain control parameter.
基金R.M.Chen is supported in part by the NSF grant DMS-1907584F.Huang was supported in part by the National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences,Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11371349 and 11688101+1 种基金D.Wang was supported in part by the NSF under grant DMS-1907519D.Yuan was supported in part by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China under Grant No.12001045 and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant Nos.2020M680428 and 2021T140063.
文摘This paper provides a review of the recent results on the stability of vortex sheets in compressible flows.Vortex sheets are contact discontinuities of the underlying flows.The vortex sheet problem is a free boundary problem with a characteristic boundary and is challenging in analysis.The formulation of the vortex sheet problem will be introduced.The linear stability and nonlinear stability for both the two-dimensional two-phase compressible flows and the two-dimensional elastic flows are summarized.The linear stability of vortex sheets for the three-dimensional elastic flows is also presented.The difficulties of the vortex sheet problems and the ideas of proofs are discussed.
文摘An experimental investigation is described for the characteristics of convective boiling flow instabilities in horizontally helically coiled tubes using a steam-water two-phase closed circulation test loop at pressure from 0.5 MPa to 3.5 MPa. Three kinds of oscillation are reported: density waves; pressure drop excursions; thermal fluctuations. We describe their dependence on main system parameters such as system pressure, mass flowrate, inlet subcooling, compressible volume and heat flux. Utilizing the experimental data together with conservation constraints, a dimensionless correlation is proposed for the occurrence of density waves.
基金sponsored partly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11772343 and 11402274)partly by the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars
文摘Impinging-jet injectors are widely used in liquid propulsion applications, since their simple configuration provides reliable and efficient atomization. The flowfield involves a series of complicated spatio-temporal evolutions. Much effort has been directed toward understanding the underlying physics and developing quantitative predictions of impinging-jet atomization. This paper summarizes the recent advances in this direction, including state-of-the-art theoretical, experimental, and numerical studies, along with representative results. Finally, concluding remarks address remaining challenges and highlight modeling capabilities of high-fidelity simulations.
文摘Over the past 13 years, ANDRITZ Hydro has developed an in-house tool based on the SPH-ALE method for applications in flow simulations in hydraulic turbines. The initial motivation is related to the challenging simulation of free surface flows in Pelton turbines, where highly dynamic water jets interact with rotating buckets, creating thin water jets traveling inside the housing and possibly causing disturbances on the runner. The present paper proposes an overview of industrial applications allowed by the developed tool, including design evaluation of Pelton runners and casings, transient operation of Pelton units and free surface flows in hydraulic structures.
文摘This paper presents linear separated model describing two-phase now instability. By employing the method of separated model and system control theory, dynamic system characteristic equations of describing two-phase flow instability are derived.It can be decided system stability depending on the characteristic value of characteristic equations. The calculated results agree well with the experimental data.
文摘High speed expansion flows of pure vapors or gas/vapor mixtures are important to many technical applications, e.g. to steam turbines, jet engines, and for safety control of pressurized power plants.The sudden cooling of the fluid flow leads to condensation and nonequilibrium two-phase now with instabilities and periodic shock formation at mean frequencies of about 1 kHz. Modelling and control of this dynamical problem is not only important with respect to erosion, it also may cause flutter excitation and serious demolition of technical facilities. In numerical simulations, the time dependent 2-D Elller equations collpled to four equations describing the process of homogeneous nucleation and droplet growth are solved by a MUSCL-type finite volume method. The results are compared with experiments carried out in an atmospheric supersonic wind tunnel. By application of this numerical method to internal flows (nozzles) we found different modes of instabilities including bifurcations. At the stability limit a sharp frequency minimum was found for symmetric oscillations in slender nozzles. It separates oscillation modes where the oncoming subsonic flow remains unchanged from the oscillatory state where a shock monotonically moves upstream into the oncoming flow. For different nozzles we detected a new unsymmetric oscillation mode with a complex system of upstream moving oblique shocks. Here the frequency curve shows the typical structure of a bifurcation problem, which is definitely not controlled by viscous effects but by instabilities of the interaction of flow and phase transition process.
