In the application of long series batteries,there is always the phenomenon that multiple cells in a pack are unbalanced simultaneously.In view of this situation,a modevarying cell equalizer topology based on interleav...In the application of long series batteries,there is always the phenomenon that multiple cells in a pack are unbalanced simultaneously.In view of this situation,a modevarying cell equalizer topology based on interleaved parallel multiple transformers is proposed in this paper.Every unit in this equalizer can freely switch between LLC resonance mode and 3-state LC quasi-resonance mode.The boosting effect of LLC structure is used to reduce the number of transformer’s total turns.When multiple equalizer units need to work in LLC mode simultaneously,interleaved parallel technology is used to limit secondary side equalization current ripple for long-term protection of battery life.A prototype was designed and built to validate the effect of a closed loop LLC mode control algorithm with a state-of-charge(SOC)based equalization scheme selection strategy.Experimental results including up to 88.52%efficiency in LLC mode with 90.7%efficiency in 3-state LC mode,and minute level balancing time show the proposed topology demonstrates excellent balancing performance.展开更多
This paper is concerned with three-dimensional numerical simulation of a plunging liquid jet. The transient processes of forming an air cavity around the jet, capturing an initially large air bubble, and the break-up ...This paper is concerned with three-dimensional numerical simulation of a plunging liquid jet. The transient processes of forming an air cavity around the jet, capturing an initially large air bubble, and the break-up of this large toroidal-shaped bubble into smaller bubbles were analyzed. A stabilized finite element method （FEM） was employed under parallel numerical simulations based on adaptive, unstructured grid and coupled with a level-set method to track the interface between air and liquid. These simulations show that the inertia of the liquid jet initially depresses the pool＇s surface, forming an annular air cavity which surrounds the liquid jet. A toroidal liquid eddy which is subse- quently formed in the liquid pool results in air cavity collapse, and in turn entrains air into the liquid pool from the unstable annular air gap region around the liquid jet.展开更多
In this paper we discuss a novel storage scheme for simultaneous memory access in parallel turbo decoder. The new scheme employs vertex coloring in graph theory. Compared to a similar method that also uses unnatural o...In this paper we discuss a novel storage scheme for simultaneous memory access in parallel turbo decoder. The new scheme employs vertex coloring in graph theory. Compared to a similar method that also uses unnatural order in storage, our scheme requires 25 more memory blocks but allows a simpler configuration for variable sizes of code lengths that can be implemented on-chip. Experiment shows that for a moderate to high decoding throughput （40-100 Mbps）, the hardware cost is still affordable for 3GPP＇s （3rd generation partnership project） interleaver.展开更多
基金supported in main part by the General Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61671194in part by the General Scientific Research Projects of Zhejiang Education Department under Grant Y201840464.
文摘In the application of long series batteries,there is always the phenomenon that multiple cells in a pack are unbalanced simultaneously.In view of this situation,a modevarying cell equalizer topology based on interleaved parallel multiple transformers is proposed in this paper.Every unit in this equalizer can freely switch between LLC resonance mode and 3-state LC quasi-resonance mode.The boosting effect of LLC structure is used to reduce the number of transformer’s total turns.When multiple equalizer units need to work in LLC mode simultaneously,interleaved parallel technology is used to limit secondary side equalization current ripple for long-term protection of battery life.A prototype was designed and built to validate the effect of a closed loop LLC mode control algorithm with a state-of-charge(SOC)based equalization scheme selection strategy.Experimental results including up to 88.52%efficiency in LLC mode with 90.7%efficiency in 3-state LC mode,and minute level balancing time show the proposed topology demonstrates excellent balancing performance.
基金supported by the Office of Naval Research(Grant ONRDC14292111)
文摘This paper is concerned with three-dimensional numerical simulation of a plunging liquid jet. The transient processes of forming an air cavity around the jet, capturing an initially large air bubble, and the break-up of this large toroidal-shaped bubble into smaller bubbles were analyzed. A stabilized finite element method （FEM） was employed under parallel numerical simulations based on adaptive, unstructured grid and coupled with a level-set method to track the interface between air and liquid. These simulations show that the inertia of the liquid jet initially depresses the pool＇s surface, forming an annular air cavity which surrounds the liquid jet. A toroidal liquid eddy which is subse- quently formed in the liquid pool results in air cavity collapse, and in turn entrains air into the liquid pool from the unstable annular air gap region around the liquid jet.
基金supported by the National High-Technology Research and Development Program of China （Grant No.2003AA123310）, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos.60332030, 60572157）
文摘In this paper we discuss a novel storage scheme for simultaneous memory access in parallel turbo decoder. The new scheme employs vertex coloring in graph theory. Compared to a similar method that also uses unnatural order in storage, our scheme requires 25 more memory blocks but allows a simpler configuration for variable sizes of code lengths that can be implemented on-chip. Experiment shows that for a moderate to high decoding throughput （40-100 Mbps）, the hardware cost is still affordable for 3GPP＇s （3rd generation partnership project） interleaver.
