Effect of change in large and fast solar wind dynamic pressure on geosynchronous magnetic field

We present a comparison of changes in large and sharp solar wind dynamic pressure, observed by several spacecraft, with fast disturbances in the magnetospheric magnetic field, measured by the geosynchronous satellites. More than 260 changes in solar wind pressure during the period 1996-2003 are selected for this study. Large statistics show that an increase （a decrease） in dynamic pressure always results in an increase （a decrease） in the magnitude of geosynchronous magnetic field. The amplitude of response to the geomagnetic field strongly depends on the location of observer relative to the noon meridian, the value of pressure before disturbance, and the change in amplitude of pressure.

Relationship Between Magnetic Field-Induced Entropy Change and Magnetic Field

The ingots with the composition oi LaFe13-x Six （ 1.2 〈 x 〈 2.2） were prepared by arc-melting, and subsequently homogenized by annealing for a long time. The sample was mainly composed of a single NaZn13-type phase. The dependence of magnetization on the magnetic field was measured at different temperatures for LaFe13- xSix （ 1.2 ≤ x ≤ 2.2） compound, and the entropy change （△S） was calculated using Maxwell relation. The variation of AS with H was discussed according to both the Landau second-order phase transition theory and the scaling law under mean-field approximation. The results show that the relation of △S ∝ H^2/3 is satisfied for the LaFe13-x Six compounds. The parameters obtained by the simulation of peak value of entropy change can be used to determine the degree of first-order magnetic phase transition. The present work may be useful for the research of the magnetic refrigeration.

Dependence of Gravity Induced Absorption Changes on the Earth’s Magnetic Field as Measured during Parabolic Flight Campaigns

Various spectroscopic experiments performed on the AIRBUS ZERO G—located in Bordeaux, France—in the years 2002 to 2012 exhibit minute optical reflection/absorption changes (GIACs) as a result of gravitational changes between 0 and 1.8 g in various biological species such as maize, oats, Arabidopsis and particularly Phycomyces sporangiophores. During a flight day, the AIRBUS ZERO G conducts 31 parabolas, each of which lasts about three minutes including a period of 22 s of weightlessness. So far, we participated in 11 parabolic flight campaigns including more than 1000 parabolas performing various kinds of experiments. During our campaigns, we observed an unexplainable variability of the measuring signals (GIACs). Using GPS-positioning systems and three dimensional magnetic field sensors, these finally were traced back to the changing earth’s magnetic field associated with the various flight directions. This is the first time that the interaction of gravity and the Earth’ magnetic field in the primary induction process in living system has been observed.

Optical pumping and population transfer of nuclear-spin states of caesium atoms in high magnetic fields

Nuclear-spin states of gaseous-state Cs atoms in the ground state are optically manipulated using a Ti：sapphire laser in a magnetic field of 1.516 T, in which optical coupling of the nuclear-spin states is achieved through hyperfine interactions between electrons and nuclei. The steady-state population distribution in the hyperfine Zeeman sublevels of the ground state is detected by using a tunable diode laser. Furthermore, the state population transfer among the hyperfine Zeeman sublevels, which results from the collision-induced modification δa（S·I） of the hyperfine interaction of Cs in the ground state due to stochastic collisions between Cs atoms and buffer-gas molecules, is studied at different buffer-gas pressures. The experimental results show that high-field optical pumping and the small change δa（S · I） of the hyperfine interaction can strongly cause the state population transfer and spin-state interchange among the hyperfine Zeeman sublevels. The calculated results maybe explain the steady-state population in hyperfine Zeeman sublevels in terms of rates of optical-pumping, electron-spin flip, nuclear spin flip, and electron-nuclear spin flip-flop transitions among the hyperfine Zeeman sublevels of the ground state of Cs atoms. This method may be applied to the nuclear-spin-based solid-state quantum computation.

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TEMPERATURE FIELD DURING MAGNETIC FIELD QUENCHING

Based on the theories of the heat transfer, the principle of phase transformation and the theory of electric and magnetic field, the mathematical model of transient temperature field involving phase transformation during magnetic field quenching is established. The heat exchange equation including magnetic field is founded. The finite element equation is set up. The distributing of transient temperature on the coupling effects of heat and magnetism is obtained. With test and measurement, the results show that after magnetic field quenching, cooling velocity is decreased, cooling curve is flatten out, and the hardness is slightly raised.

Experimentally-Induced Inhibition of Growth in Melanoma Cell Cultures Separated by ~2 Kilometers When Both Share Excess Correlation Magnetic Fields: Macroscopic Evidence of Free-Space Quantum Teleportation?

In multiple experiments plates of melanoma cells separated by either 3 m or 1.7 km were placed in the centers of toroids. A specific protocol of changing, angular velocity, pulsed magnetic fields that has been shown to produce excess correlation in photon durations and shift in proton concentrations (pH) in spring water were generated around both plates of cells. Serial injections of 50 μL of standard concentrations of hydrogen peroxide into the “local” plates of cells during the 12 min of field activation produced conspicuous cell death (reduction of viable cells by about 50%) with comparable diminishments of cell numbers in the non-local plates of cells within 24 hr but only if both loci separated by either 3 m or 1.7 km had shared the “excess correlation” magnetic field sequence. The non-local effect did not occur if the magnetic fields had not been present. Higher or lower concentrations of peroxide or concentrations that eliminated all of the cells or very few cells in the local dishes were associated with no significant diminishment of non-local cell growth. The data indicate that there must be a critical number of cells remaining viable following the local chemical reaction for the excess correlation to be manifested in the non-local cells. We suggest that this specific spatial-temporal pattern of fields generated within the paired toroidal geometries promotes transposition of virtual chemical reactions as an information field. Calculations of the energy available per cell and per volume of the quantity of reactants injected into the local space from the intensity of the changing velocity toroidal magnetic field support previous measurements and derivations that the units of information transposition may involve discrete quantities that represent equivalents of photons, electrons and protons.

Quantification of the Diminishing Earth’s Magnetic Dipole Intensity and Geomagnetic Activity as the Causal Source for Global Warming within the Oceans and Atmosphere

Quantitative analyses of actual measurements rather than modeling have shown that “global warming” has been heterogeneous over the surface of the planet and temporally non-linear. Residual regression analyses by Soares (2010) indicated increments of increased temperature precede increments of CO2 increase. The remarkably strong negative correlation (r = -0.99) between the earth’s magnetic dipole moment values and global CO2-temperature indicators over the last ~30 years is sufficient to be considered causal if contributing energies were within the same order of magnitude. Quantitative convergence between the energies lost by the diminishing averaged geomagnetic field strength and energies gained within the ocean-atmosphere interface satisfy the measured values for increased global temperature and CO2 release from sea water. The pivotal variable is the optimal temporal unit employed to estimate the total energies available for physical-chemical reactions. The positive drift in averaged amplitude of geomagnetic activity over the last 100 years augmented this process. Contributions from annual CO2 from volcanism and shifts in averaged geomagnetic activity, lagged years before the measured global temperature-CO2 values, are moderating variables for smaller amplitude perturbations. These results indicated that the increase in CO2 and global temperatures are primarily caused by major geophysical factors, particularly the diminishing total geomagnetic field strength and increased geomagnetic activity, but not by human activities. Strategies for adapting to climate change because of these powerful variables may differ from those that assume exclusive anthropomorphic causes.

Quantification of the Diminishing Earth’s Magnetic Dipole Intensity and Geomagnetic Activity as the Causal Source for Global Warming within the Oceans and Atmosphere

Quantitative analyses of actual measurements rather than modeling have shown that “global warming” has been heterogeneous over the surface of the planet and temporally non-linear. Residual regression analyses by Soares (2010) indicated increments of increased temperature precede increments of CO2 increase. The remarkably strong negative correlation (r = -0.99) between the earth’s magnetic dipole moment values and global CO2-temperature indicators over the last ~30 years is sufficient to be considered causal if contributing energies were within the same order of magnitude. Quantitative convergence between the energies lost by the diminishing averaged geomagnetic field strength and energies gained within the ocean-atmosphere interface satisfy the measured values for increased global temperature and CO2 release from sea water. The pivotal variable is the optimal temporal unit employed to estimate the total energies available for physical-chemical reactions. The positive drift in averaged amplitude of geomagnetic activity over the last 100 years augmented this process. Contributions from annual CO2 from volcanism and shifts in averaged geomagnetic activity, lagged years before the measured global temperature-CO2 values, are moderating variables for smaller amplitude perturbations. These results indicated that the increase in CO2 and global temperatures are primarily caused by major geophysical factors, particularly the diminishing total geomagnetic field strength and increased geomagnetic activity, but not by human activities. Strategies for adapting to climate change because of these powerful variables may differ from those that assume exclusive anthropomorphic causes.

Effect of Magnetic Field Configuration on Stray-Crystal Formation with Different Platform Sizes during Directional Solidification of Single-Crystal Superalloy

The magnetic field is an effective means to control the solidification structure and the defects of metal and semiconductor crystals.This work investigates the effects of Cusp magnetic field(CMF)and longitudinal magnetic field(LMF)on the stray-crystal formation in the platform regions during the directional solidification of single-crystal superalloy with the different cross section sizes.The application of CMF reduces the formation of platform stray-crystal,while LMF increases its generation.As the platform size increases,the stray-crystal ratio increases regardless of whether the magnetic fields are applied or not,the effectiveness of CMF increases,while that of LMF decreases.The reason that the effects of CMF and LMF on the platform stray-crystal formation could be attributed to the change of flow structure from the distribution characteristics of the thermoelectric magnetic force and the magnetic damping force near the liquid-solid interface.

The World Physical Triad: Matter, Antimatter and “Dark Energy” in the Processes of Climatic Changes on the Earth

The opening and many years of research of magnetic spinor particles (real magnetic charges) in atoms and substance have enabled the author to formulate the conception of the Physical Triad, according which the real World consists of three fundamental phases: Matter, Antimatter and Energo-phase (Energo-medium). Particles of Matter are called spinors and particles of Antimatter are called antispinors. Energo-medium is a gasiform phase of high density that fills by himself all the infinite space of the real World. It consists of spinless and massless particles-energions. Spinor fields can be both flows energions (fields of Matter), so and anti-flow energions (fields of Antimatter). Atomic-shaped structures consisting of electric and magnetic spinor particles represent a Physical Mass (atoms, nucleons, etc.). The main characteristic of all varieties of Mass is its ability radiate gravitational field, which is a vortex electromagnetic field. All spinor particles are massless so as individually generate a gravitational field they can’t. All primary forces in the real World are implemented by means of Energo-medium, i.e. contact pressure its particles—energions. The spinor fields, including the gravitational field, myself the real of the power significance, have not. They are only intermediaries, inducing in Energo-medium its active (power) education, which is called “Dark Energy”. “Dark Energy” can be both positive, so and negative. Namely, a positive “Dark Energy”, which is associated with the technical activity of man, is responsible for stable climatic changes on Earth. Greenhouse gases are not the main “culprit” of climatic changes on our planet. However, these gases are the simplest indicator of the overall level of irreversible physical processes that stimulate the growth of the positive “Dark Energy” and are responsible for the negative thermal scenario on Earth.

磁场辅助冻结对汤圆粉团品质的影响

目的:为了探究磁场辅助冻结对汤圆粉团冻结品质的影响,开发新型辅助冻结方式在米面制品上的应用,研究不同磁场强度下辅助冻结对汤圆粉团品质变化。方法:采用平板冻结加磁场辅助的方式冷冻汤圆粉团,测定汤圆粉团冻结速率、失水率、色度、质构特性、糊化特性、可冻结水含量和水分结合状态等指标,揭示磁场辅助冻结对其品质的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比较,经磁场辅助冻结后汤圆粉团冻结速率、失水率、色度、质构特性、糊化特性和可冻结水含量等均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。磁场辅助冻结的汤圆粉团在24 Gs时冻结速率加快,进入最大冰晶生成带时间提前4 min,使得冰晶体积变小;失水率降低了37.57%,亮度提高了3.63%,透光度提高了14.92%和硬度下降了11.74%。从水分结合状态上看,汤圆粉团的可冻结水含量明显低于对照组,在24 Gs时降低了11.64%;然而,磁场辅助冻结后汤圆粉团的峰值黏度增加7.81%,回生值增加3.93%;水分结合状态上未见显著性差异。结论:在磁场强度为24 Gs时汤圆粉团的冻结品质最佳,可明显改善汤圆粉团的失水率、色度、硬度、可冻结水含量等品质指标。研究结果为磁场辅助冻结在米面制品上的应用提供了参考。

CGGM全球地磁场模型和新疆地区台站主磁场逐月变化的一致性分析

对2018年8月—2022年7月新疆地区的5个地磁台站的观测数据进行剔除外源变化磁场的处理,同CGGM全球地磁场模型的主磁场计算值进行一致性分析。结果表明:①台站观测的月变化速率观测值要略大于模型计算值,磁偏角D、磁倾角I的最大月变化速率差为0.08688′,其它5个要素中最大月变化速率差仅为0.8914 nT。②CGGM模型和IGRF13模型计算值F值的均方根误差相差26.7 nT,随着“张衡一号”地震电磁卫星数据的增多,CGGM模型的计算精度还会进一步提升。③台站观测和模型计算的逐月变化量偏差很小,表明CGGM模型计算值和台站观测值有较好的一致性。④通过提取静日子夜均值的方法并不能够完全剔除外源场的影响,台站观测逐月变化量中会有几个nT的剩余磁场叠加其中,导致了台站观测值和模型计算值逐月变化差值的离散程度略为增大。⑤后验比较分析表明,CGGM模型的长期变化主磁场预测值和台站观测值之间一致性较好,可以很好地描述主磁场的长期变化。

马蹄脆片微波真空干燥工艺优化及其水分变化

以马蹄为原料,采用微波真空干燥技术干燥马蹄脆片,考察微波功率、干燥温度、真空度、切片厚度对马蹄脆片色差值、总糖含量、脆度的影响,以响应面试验优化干燥工艺,采用低场核磁共振技术研究马蹄脆片干燥过程水分变化情况。结果表明,微波真空干燥马蹄脆片的最佳工艺为微波功率2.0 kW、干燥温度71℃、真空度-95 kPa、切片厚度3.1 mm,所得产品色差值、总糖含量、脆度分别为3.42、50.51 mg/100 g、464.96 g,产品色泽白亮,酥脆可口,马蹄风味浓厚。低场核磁共振检测结果表明:马蹄片内部主要存在3种状态水,分别是自由水、不易流动水及结合水,其中自由水占比较高、结合水和不易流动水的比例相对较低,在最佳工艺下到达干燥终点时自由水完全除去,只剩少量的不易流动水以及结合水。

微机械陀螺中永磁薄膜表面磁场分布仿真

基于隧道磁电阻效应的微机械陀螺中,磁场的产生和分布是决定器件性能的重要因素。该文以NdFeB永磁薄膜为磁场源,利用基于有限元法的Comsol Multiphysics软件对NdFeB永磁薄膜表面磁场进行系统分析,研究不同薄膜厚度下的薄膜表面磁场分布的均匀性及隧道磁阻敏感轴方向磁场分量的变化率。研究发现,随着薄膜厚度的增加,薄膜表面磁场和磁场变化率也在变大,薄膜厚度为20μm时,薄膜所产生的磁场变化率可达0.43 mT/μm。考虑到薄膜阵列化可以有效抑制薄膜过厚所导致的薄膜与基底附着力变弱的问题,该文通过改变设计参数,研究NdFeB永磁厚膜一维阵列的表面磁场分布。发现阵列单元的厚度和宽度增加时,阵列的磁场强度和磁场变化率也会变大,而间距增加会导致薄膜阵列的表面磁场和磁场变化率降低。

基于COMSOL分析步进电动机故障的电流和磁场变化规律研究

步进电动机是电力系统稳定运行的关键设备之一,当步进电动机在运行过程中出现故障,将直接导致电力系统的停运,给电力企业带来经济损失,需要对步进电动机内部故障原因进行研究。通过COMSOL有限元分析及建模的方式,对步进电动机的失步故障和开路故障所引起的电场和磁场的变化展开了研究,分析了在5种不同频率下失步故障和开路故障所引起的电场和磁场的变化规律,以提高对步进电动机故障诊断的效率。

Cu和Zr元素取代对Sm_(2)Co_(7)快淬带磁性能的影响

采用感应熔炼和熔体快淬技术制备了Sm_(2)Co_(7-x)R_(x)(R=Cu、Zr;x=0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4)快淬带,研究了取代元素、取代量和快淬速度对快淬带磁性能、晶粒间相互作用和不可逆翻转场的影响规律。磁性能测试结果表明,Cu和Zr取代在快淬带内引起了强烈的钉扎效应,有助于提升快淬带的矫顽力,且均在x=0.3时获得最大矫顽力;Cu取代量x=0.1、0.2、0.4时快淬带的剩磁与最大磁能积随快淬速度逐渐降低,取代量x=0.3时表现为逐渐升高;Zr取代量x=0.1~0.4时快淬带的剩磁与最大磁能积均随快淬速度的增加先升高后降低。Henkel曲线测试结果表明,对于Cu元素和Zr元素取代,δM值均在x=0.3时达到最大,表明此时快淬带晶粒间的交换耦合作用最强;Sm_(2)(Co, Cu)_(7)和Sm_(2)(Co, Zr)_(7)快淬带的最大δM值分别为1.48和1.04。适量Cu、Zr元素取代可以提高Sm_(2)Co_(7)磁体在反磁化过程中的不可逆翻转场H_(n)。

Effects of ultra-strong magnetic field on electron capture rates of^(55)Co and ^(56)Ni in the magnetar surrounding

The electron capture rates of 55Co and 56Ni in the ultra-strong magnetic field at four typical temperature- density points have been calculated using the nuclear shell model and Landan energy levels quantized approximate correction. The results show that the electron capture rates of 55Co and 56Ni are increased greatly in the ultra-strong magnetic field, and even exceed two orders of magnitude in the range from 4.414×10^13G to 2.207×10^27 G. The change rate of electron abundance, ye, of 55Co and 56Ni under the condition of B=4.414×10^15G in the magnetar surrounding has been calculated and discussed, the proportions of ye of 55Co and 56Ni in the total Ye have been reduced by 50 percent in all more than the condition without a magnetic field.

1900-2000年非偶极子磁场的全球变化

根据第７代ＩＧＲＦ模型，计算并绘制了１９００-２０００年（时间间隔为５ａ）非偶极子磁场的全球分布，计算和分析了各个磁异常中心位置和强度的变化，东亚正磁异常、大洋洲负磁异常、南大西洋正磁异常、非洲负磁异常和北美洲正磁异常是分布范围广、异常强度大的５个磁异常。南大西洋正磁异常是强度最大的磁异常。在２０世纪９０年代以前，东亚正磁异常的强度位居第２位，９０年代以后，非洲负磁异常的强度（绝对值）超过东亚正磁异常，成为第２大磁异常。磁异常强度增长最快的是非洲负磁异常、南大西洋正磁异常和大洋洲负磁异常。南大西洋正磁异常和非洲负磁异常是磁异常中心位置变化最快的两个磁异常。

深海温度变化对太阳活动的响应

通过太平洋、大西洋深海温度场谱分析发现 ,地球海洋温度变化广泛盛行着 2 2年尺度的年代际周期性变化 ,这种 2 2年变化周期在深层海洋中更为清楚。分析认为 ,这是地球海洋温度场对太阳磁场周期性变化的响应。世界海洋不同海域深海温度对于太阳磁场磁性 2 2年周期响应的相位存在显著不同 ,南北大西洋海温变化相位相差 115度 ,即变化趋势接近相反 ;南北太平洋海温变化相位相差 19度 ,南太平洋变化超前。另外 ,太阳活动所激发的海温变化的振荡幅度在不同海域也有显著差异 ,北大西洋海温 2 2年周期振幅为 0 .0 7℃ ,而南大西洋则高达0 18℃ ,是北大西洋的 2 .5倍之多 !在太平洋中 ,北太平洋深海温度 2 2年周期振幅最大 ,南太平洋次之 。

从微观层面研究两极交变磁场对微生物的影响

为了了解磁场杀菌的机理,有必要从微观层面开展磁场对微生物影响的研究。该文在自行设计的两极交变磁场装置上,以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、酵母菌为试验菌种,进行了磁场对菌体形态与结构的影响的环境扫描电镜与透射电镜观察以及磁场对菌体细胞内漏出物的相对吸光度、菌体脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的影响的测定。结果表明,两极交变磁场使微生物细胞壁损坏、细胞内物质的外流及DNA结构改变。