A New Two-Stage Tunable Space-Time Adaptive Detector

In order to improve the rejection capability of mismatched interferer signals,a new two-stage detector is proposed under homogeneous scenarios with unknown covariance matrix,which is obtained by cascading the adaptive matched filter(AMF)detector and the enhanced RAO(EnRAO)detector.The new detector has constant false alarm performance,and the closed-form expression of probability of false alarm and probability of detection is derived.The performance of the new detector is assessed,and analyzed in comparison with other detectors.The results show that,the proposed detector can provide enhanced rejection capability in the case of mismatch,but the performance of the detector is slightly lost under the condition of matching.

Two-stage adaptive PMD compensation in 40-Gb/s OTDM optical communication system

An experiment of two-stage adaptive compensation for polarization mode dispersion (PMD) iu a 40-Gb/s optical time-division multiplexed communication system is reported. The PMD monitoring technique based on degree of polarization was adopted. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was introduced in adaptive PMD compensation. The comparison was made to estimate the effectiveness between PSO algorithms with global neighborhood structure (GPSO) and with local neighborhood structure (LPSO). The LPSO algorithm is shown to be more effective to search global optimum for PMD compensation than GPSO algorithm. The two-stage PMD compensator is shown to be effective for both first- and second-order PMD, and he compensator is shown to be bit rate independent. The optimum searching time is within one huudred milliseconds.

Two-Stage Negative Adaptive Cluster Sampling

If the population is rare and clustered,then simple random sampling gives a poor estimate of the population total.For such type of populations,adaptive cluster sampling is useful.But it loses control on the final sample size.Hence,the cost of sampling increases substantially.To overcome this problem,the surveyors often use auxiliary information which is easy to obtain and inexpensive.An attempt is made through the auxiliary information to control the final sample size.In this article,we have proposed two-stage negative adaptive cluster sampling design.It is a new design,which is a combination of two-stage sampling and negative adaptive cluster sampling designs.In this design,we consider an auxiliary variablewhich is highly negatively correlatedwith the variable of interest and auxiliary information is completely known.In the first stage of this design,an initial random sample is drawn by using the auxiliary information.Further,using Thompson’s(JAmStat Assoc 85:1050-1059,1990)adaptive procedure networks in the population are discovered.These networks serve as the primary-stage units(PSUs).In the second stage,random samples of unequal sizes are drawn from the PSUs to get the secondary-stage units(SSUs).The values of the auxiliary variable and the variable of interest are recorded for these SSUs.Regression estimator is proposed to estimate the population total of the variable of interest.A new estimator,Composite Horwitz-Thompson(CHT)-type estimator,is also proposed.It is based on only the information on the variable of interest.Variances of the above two estimators along with their unbiased estimators are derived.Using this proposed methodology,sample survey was conducted at Western Ghat of Maharashtra,India.The comparison of the performance of these estimators and methodology is presented and compared with other existing methods.The cost-benefit analysis is given.

A Two-stage Adaptive Robust Model for Residential Micro-CHP Expansion Planning

This paper addresses the planning problem of residential micro combined heat and power (micro-CHP) systems (including micro-generation units, auxiliary boilers, and thermal storage tanks) considering the associated technical and economic factors. Since the accurate values of the thermal and electrical loads of this system cannot be exactly predicted for the planning horizon, the thermal and electrical load uncertainties are modeled using a two-stage adaptive robust optimization method based on a polyhedral uncertainty set. A solution method, which is composed of column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm and block coordinate descent (BCD) method, is proposed to efficiently solve this adaptive robust optimization model. Numerical results from a practical case study show the effective performance of the proposed adaptive robust model for residential micro-CHP planning and its solution method.

双阶自适应小波聚类的航空发动机故障分类与识别

为了快速准确地实现航空发动机转子故障的分类与识别,提出了双阶自适应小波聚类方法。双阶自适应小波聚类过程是:首先采用粗网格量化数据空间,找出存在聚类的空间区域,实现数据的预分选聚类;然后统计子聚类的信息,计算其二次聚类的量化值;最后对子聚类的数据空间进行自适应细划分,实现子聚类数据空间的小波聚类。应用双阶自适应小波聚类方法对航空发动机转子的正常、不对中、碰摩、松动故障进行分类与识别,结果显示4种类型被正确分类。因此表明,对于密度分布不均匀的多类型混合数据,双阶自适应小波聚类方法能够根据数据分布特点自适应的量化网格,实现故障的正确分类与识别,诊断精度显著高于传统的小波聚类方法。

基于双阶自适应小波聚类的复合故障诊断

有效特征向量的提取与故障诊断方法是实现航空发动机转子故障快速正确诊断的关键。首先根据航空发动机转子振动信号的非平稳及非线性的特点,应用小波变换和Hilbert-Huang变换方法提取振动信号的有效值、边际谱重心和小波变换最大能量层的功率谱重心三个特征向量,然后应用双阶自适应小波聚类方法对航空发动机转子进行多类型混合故障诊断。结果表明双阶自适应小波聚类方法能快速准确地实现故障分类与识别,尤其对于密度分布不均匀的多类型混合数据,诊断精度显著高于传统的小波聚类方法。

FDM和RCMDE结合的特征提取与故障诊断

为提取有效特征向量以实现航空发动动机转子的故障诊断,针对航空发动机转子振动信号的非线性、非平稳的特性,首先,应用傅里叶分解方法(Fourier decomposition method,简称FDM)提取航空发动机转子信号的边际谱重心及最大能量层的谱重心;其次,计算振动信号的精细复合多尺度散布熵;最后,应用双阶自适应小波聚类方法对特征空间实现故障分类与识别。应用航空发动机转子试验器采集的样本验证表明,上述方法提取的特征值准确且波动小,同种故障类型的特征值集中,不同故障类型之间差异大,有利于提高多种故障类型混合的诊断精度。

基于浮动车轨迹数据的路网快速提取

浮动车轨迹数据包含丰富的路网信息,随着浮动车轨迹数据的逐渐公开,从中提取路网信息已成为可能。目前,大多数算法提取路网时,使用统一的阈值忽略了轨迹数据的密度差异,且只考虑了轨迹的形态没有考虑轨迹的方向,严重影响了提取结果的几何精确度和拓扑正确度。为此,该文提出了一种自适应半径质心漂移聚类方法,能根据轨迹密度、道路宽度自动调整聚类参数和利用轨迹方向实现道路拓扑连接。首先,通过自适应半径质心漂移聚类方法计算路网骨架点,采用小波聚类算法获取路网骨架点的方向集;然后,根据聚类半径和方向对骨架点进行递归连接,生成路网数据。利用深圳市福田区一天的浮动车轨迹数据进行了算法实验验证,将实验结果与栅格化方法、约束三角网方法的结果进行了定性定量评价分析。实验结果表明,该文算法提取的路网数据在几何精确度及拓扑正确度上都有明显的提高,且算法适合大数据处理。

Adaptive mesh refinement immersed boundary method for simulations of laminar flows past a moving thin elastic structure

One of the critical issues in numerical simulation of fluid-structure interaction problems is inaccuracy of the solutions,especially for flows past a stationary thin elastic structure where large deformations occur.High resolution is required to capture the flow characteristics near the fluid-structure interface to enhance accuracy of the solutions within proximity of the thin deformable body.Hence,in this work,an algorithm is developed to simulate fluid-structure interactions of moving deformable structures with very thin thicknesses.In this algorithm,adaptive mesh refinement(AMR)is integrated with immersed boundary finite element method(IBFEM)with two-stage pressure-velocity corrections.Despite successive interpolation of the flow field by IBM,the governing equations were solved using a fixed structured mesh,which significantly reduces the computational time associated with mesh reconstruction.The cut-cell IBM is used to predict the body forces while FEM is used to predict deformation of the thin elastic structure in order to integrate the motions of the fluid and solid at the interface.AMR is used to discretize the governing equations and obtain solutions that efficiently capture the thin boundary layer at the fluid-solid interface.The AMR-IBFEM algorithm is first verified by comparing the drag coefficient,lift coefficient,and Strouhal number for a benchmark case(laminar flow past a circular cylinder at Re=100)and the results showed good agreement with those of other researchers.The algorithm is then used to simulate 2-D laminar flows past stationary and moving thin structures positioned perpendicular to the freestream direction.The results also showed good agreement with those obtained from the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE)algorithm for elastic thin boundaries.It is concluded that the AMR-IBFEM algorithm is capable of predicting the characteristics of laminar flow past an elastic structure with acceptable accuracy(error of-0.02%)with only-1%of the computational time for simulations with full mesh refinement.

Some Results on Two-stage Clinical Trials

Among a variety of adaptive designs, stage-wise design, especially, two-stage design is an important one because patient responses are not available immediately but are available in batches or intermittently in some situations. In this paper, by Bayesian method, the general formula of asymptotical optimal worth is given, meanwhile the length of some optimal designs at first stage concerning two-stage trials in several important cases has been obtained.