为探究地铁深基坑施工安全风险因素动态作用规律,科学预防施工安全事故,针对目前缺乏因素系统识别、因果关系量化和动态推理分析等共性问题,提出一种基于决策试验和评估实验室(Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory DEMATEL...为探究地铁深基坑施工安全风险因素动态作用规律,科学预防施工安全事故,针对目前缺乏因素系统识别、因果关系量化和动态推理分析等共性问题,提出一种基于决策试验和评估实验室(Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory DEMATEL)与模糊认知图(Fuzzy Cognitive Map,FCM)的地铁深基坑施工安全风险分析方法。首先,通过理论分析与文献梳理,采用扎根理论识别风险因素;其次,结合专家调研与量化分析,利用DEMATEL方法分析风险因素的因果关系;再次,将DEMATAL决策矩阵转化为FCM模型的交互作用矩阵,展开风险因素的预测与诊断推理分析;最后,选取案例进行实证,验证模型方法的可用性与有效性。结果显示:因素X_(1)(人员安全风险意识)对其他因素的影响程度最高;因素X_(1)(人员安全风险意识)、X_(8)(安全施工组织设计方案)和X_(7)(施工安全风险管理措施)是排名前3的关键风险因素;完善安全施工组织设计方案是最有效的管控对策。展开更多
The constant growth of air travel in the Philippines has brought about significant consequences to air traffic congestion. Given limited resources, major airports seek to address this issue while considering various a...The constant growth of air travel in the Philippines has brought about significant consequences to air traffic congestion. Given limited resources, major airports seek to address this issue while considering various attributes generally affecting air transportation. This paper adopts fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory-analytic network process （DEMATEL-ANP） to identify the most critical attributes in the commercial aviation industry. A case study participated by key experts of Ninoy Aquino International Airport was conducted to illustrate the proposed approach. The fuzzy DEMATELANP model performed satisfactorily as it was able to extract the global priority vectors of attributes under a fuzzy environment. The results showed that aviation safety is most prioritized, as can also be seen from the significant influence it brings on other attributes. Following next to safety in terms of priority axe attributes that address the general air transportation system such as economic value, environmental value, social value, equitable treatment of competing airline, customer goodwill, and utilization of runway and terminal. Then, attributes relating to passenger cost, fuel cost, extra crew cost, landing/take-off fee, and cost of using flight routes axe of last priority. Given the order of priorities and criticality of each attribute, shortterm and long-term policies can be framed accordingly to propose air traffic flow management actions that can best address the issue on congestion.展开更多
In power production,gas turbines are commonly used components that generate high amount of energy depending on size and weight.They function as integral parts of helicopters,aircrafts,trains,ships,electrical generator...In power production,gas turbines are commonly used components that generate high amount of energy depending on size and weight.They function as integral parts of helicopters,aircrafts,trains,ships,electrical generators,and tanks.Notably,many researchers are focusing on the design,operation,and maintenance of gas turbines.The focal point of this paper is a DEMATEL approach based on fuzzy sets,with the attempt to use these fuzzy sets explicitly.Using this approach,the cause–effect diagram of gas turbine failures expressed in the literature is generated and aimed to create a perspective for operators.The results of the study show that,"connecting shaft has been broken between turbine and gear box"selected the most important cause factor and"sufficient pressure fuel does not come for fuel pump"is selected the most important effect factor,according to the experts.展开更多
针对智能航电系统在非线性耦合运行场景下产生的预期功能安全(safety of the intended functionality,SOTIF)问题,提出一种将系统理论过程分析(systematic theory process analysis,STPA)与决策试验与评价实验法(decision-making trial ...针对智能航电系统在非线性耦合运行场景下产生的预期功能安全(safety of the intended functionality,SOTIF)问题,提出一种将系统理论过程分析(systematic theory process analysis,STPA)与决策试验与评价实验法(decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory,DEMATEL)相结合的致因分析框架。首先,在定义系统级危险的基础上构建安全控制结构,识别其不安全控制行为并提取与智能化缺陷相关的STPA致因要素。接下来,引入毕达哥拉斯模糊加权平均算子和闵可夫斯基距离对传统DEMATEL方法进行优化,专家根据控制反馈回路对致因要素进行评价并计算其中心度与原因度。最后,分析STPA致因要素与SOTIF致因属性之间的映射关系,给出关键致因要素的风险减缓措施。以单一飞行员驾驶(single-pilot operation,SPO)模式下的虚拟驾驶员助理系统为例说明了所提方法的可行性与有效性。研究结果表明,改进的STPA-DEMATEL方法可以有效识别关键致因要素,且能够克服专家评价的模糊性与不确定性,为智能航电系统的安全性设计提供了参考依据。展开更多
文摘为探究地铁深基坑施工安全风险因素动态作用规律,科学预防施工安全事故,针对目前缺乏因素系统识别、因果关系量化和动态推理分析等共性问题,提出一种基于决策试验和评估实验室(Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory DEMATEL)与模糊认知图(Fuzzy Cognitive Map,FCM)的地铁深基坑施工安全风险分析方法。首先,通过理论分析与文献梳理,采用扎根理论识别风险因素;其次,结合专家调研与量化分析,利用DEMATEL方法分析风险因素的因果关系;再次,将DEMATAL决策矩阵转化为FCM模型的交互作用矩阵,展开风险因素的预测与诊断推理分析;最后,选取案例进行实证,验证模型方法的可用性与有效性。结果显示:因素X_(1)(人员安全风险意识)对其他因素的影响程度最高;因素X_(1)(人员安全风险意识)、X_(8)(安全施工组织设计方案)和X_(7)(施工安全风险管理措施)是排名前3的关键风险因素;完善安全施工组织设计方案是最有效的管控对策。
基金the Engineering Research and Development for Technology (ERDT) of the Philippine Department of Science and Technology (DOST) for the financial support provided through the full graduate scholarship grant of the first author
文摘The constant growth of air travel in the Philippines has brought about significant consequences to air traffic congestion. Given limited resources, major airports seek to address this issue while considering various attributes generally affecting air transportation. This paper adopts fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory-analytic network process （DEMATEL-ANP） to identify the most critical attributes in the commercial aviation industry. A case study participated by key experts of Ninoy Aquino International Airport was conducted to illustrate the proposed approach. The fuzzy DEMATELANP model performed satisfactorily as it was able to extract the global priority vectors of attributes under a fuzzy environment. The results showed that aviation safety is most prioritized, as can also be seen from the significant influence it brings on other attributes. Following next to safety in terms of priority axe attributes that address the general air transportation system such as economic value, environmental value, social value, equitable treatment of competing airline, customer goodwill, and utilization of runway and terminal. Then, attributes relating to passenger cost, fuel cost, extra crew cost, landing/take-off fee, and cost of using flight routes axe of last priority. Given the order of priorities and criticality of each attribute, shortterm and long-term policies can be framed accordingly to propose air traffic flow management actions that can best address the issue on congestion.
文摘In power production,gas turbines are commonly used components that generate high amount of energy depending on size and weight.They function as integral parts of helicopters,aircrafts,trains,ships,electrical generators,and tanks.Notably,many researchers are focusing on the design,operation,and maintenance of gas turbines.The focal point of this paper is a DEMATEL approach based on fuzzy sets,with the attempt to use these fuzzy sets explicitly.Using this approach,the cause–effect diagram of gas turbine failures expressed in the literature is generated and aimed to create a perspective for operators.The results of the study show that,"connecting shaft has been broken between turbine and gear box"selected the most important cause factor and"sufficient pressure fuel does not come for fuel pump"is selected the most important effect factor,according to the experts.
文摘针对智能航电系统在非线性耦合运行场景下产生的预期功能安全(safety of the intended functionality,SOTIF)问题,提出一种将系统理论过程分析(systematic theory process analysis,STPA)与决策试验与评价实验法(decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory,DEMATEL)相结合的致因分析框架。首先,在定义系统级危险的基础上构建安全控制结构,识别其不安全控制行为并提取与智能化缺陷相关的STPA致因要素。接下来,引入毕达哥拉斯模糊加权平均算子和闵可夫斯基距离对传统DEMATEL方法进行优化,专家根据控制反馈回路对致因要素进行评价并计算其中心度与原因度。最后,分析STPA致因要素与SOTIF致因属性之间的映射关系,给出关键致因要素的风险减缓措施。以单一飞行员驾驶(single-pilot operation,SPO)模式下的虚拟驾驶员助理系统为例说明了所提方法的可行性与有效性。研究结果表明,改进的STPA-DEMATEL方法可以有效识别关键致因要素,且能够克服专家评价的模糊性与不确定性,为智能航电系统的安全性设计提供了参考依据。
