The Effect of Core Eccentricity on the Structural Behavior of Concrete Tall Buildings

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of core eccentricity on the structural behavior of concrete tall buildings.Concrete buildings of 55 floors with plan dimensions 48.0×48.0 m2 were investigated.Three cases of main core locations are studied:centric(A),eccentric by one sixth(B)and one third(C)of building width.The three-dimensional finite element method has been used in conducting structural analysis through ETABS software.Gravity and lateral(wind and seismic)loadings are applied to all building cases.It has been concluded that the core location is the prime parameter governing the structural behavior of tall buildings.Although the first two cases(A,B)have acceptable and similar structural behaviors conforming to code limits,in the third case(C),the building behavior came beyond code limits.The author introduced remedial action by adding two secondary cores in the opposite direction of the main core(C-R)to restore the building behavior to the code limits.The results of this action were satisfactory.

Numerical investigation of effect of eccentric decoupled charge structure on blasting-induced rock damage

Eccentric decoupling blasting is commonly used in underground excavation.Determination of perimeter hole parameters(such as the blasthole diameter,spacing,and burden)based on an eccentric charge structure is vital for achieving an excellent smooth blasting effect.In this paper,the Riedel-Hiermaier-Thoma(RHT)model was employed to study rock mass damage under smooth blasting.Firstly,the parameters of the RHT model were calibrated by using the existing SHPB experiment,which were then verified by the existing blasting experiment results.Secondly,the influence of different charge structures on the blasting effect was investigated using the RHT model.The simulation results indicated that eccentric charge blasting has an obvious pressure eccentricity effect.Finally,to improve the blasting effect,the smooth blasting parameters were optimized based on an eccentric charge structure.The overbreak and underbreak phenomena were effectively controlled,and a good blasting effect was achieved with the optimized blasting parameters.

A Numerical Study on the Water Impact of the Rigid/Elastic Box-Like Structure

Recent damages to the box-like structures caused by wave slamming have made it necessary to study the impact problems of this kind of structure. This paper showed findings from numerical simulations of the rigid/elastic structures, aiming to gain insights into the characteristics of the problem. The results of the rigid cases showed the significance of air compressibility during the impact process, while the slamming phenomena became quite different without the effect. In the elastic cases, the trapped air made the structure vibrate at frequencies much smaller than its eigenfrequencies. Besides, the structural deformation made it easy for the trapped air to escape outwards, which weakened the air cushioning effect, especially at high impact velocities. The above analysis gives the results when the structural symmetry axis was vertical to the water(vertical impacts). In addition, the results were given when the axis was oblique to the water(oblique impacts). Compared with the vertical cases, the impact phenomena and structural response showed asymmetry. This work used the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method to describe fluid motion and the finite element method(FEM) for the deformable structure. A two-way coupling approach was used to deal with the fluid-structure interaction in the elastic cases.

Numerical Simulation Study of Vibration Characteristics of Cantilever Traffic Signal Support Structure under Wind Environment

Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)and the finite element method(FEM)are used to investigate the wind-driven dynamic response of cantilever traffic signal support structures as a whole.By building a finite element model with the same scale as the actual structure and performing modal analysis,a preliminary understanding of the dynamic properties of the structure is obtained.Based on the two-way fluid-structure coupling calculation method,the wind vibration response of the structure under different incoming flow conditions is calculated,and the vibration characteristics of the structure are analyzed through the displacement time course data of the structure in the crosswind direction and along-wind direction.The results show that the maximum response of the structure increases gradually with the increase of wind speed under 90°wind direction angle,showing a vibration dispersion state,and the vibration response characteristics are following the vibration phenomenon of galloping;under 270°wind direction angle,the maximum displacement response of the structure occurs at the lower wind speed of 5 and 6m/s,and the vibration generated by the structure is vortex vibration at this time;the displacement response of the structure in along-wind direction increaseswith the increase of wind speed.The along-wind displacement response of the structure will increase with increasing wind speed,and the effective wind area and shape characteristics of the structurewill also affect the vibration response of the structure.

Interaction Between Large-scale Vortex Structure and Dispersed Particles in a Three Dimensional Mixing Layer

In order to understand the interaction between large-scale vortex structure and particles, a two-way coupling temporal mixing layer laden with particles at a Stokes number of 5 with different mass loading planted initially in the upper half region is numerically studied. The pseudospectral method is used for the flow fluid and the Lagrangian approach is employed to trace particles. The momentum coupling effect introduced by a particle is approximated to a point force. The simulation results show that the coherent structures are still dominant in the mixing layer, but the large-scale vortex structure and particle dispersion are modulated. The length of large-scale vortex structure is shortened and the pairing is delayed. At the same time, the particles are distributed more evenly in the whole flow field as the mass loading is increased, but the particle dispersion along the transverse direction differs from that along the spanwise direction, which indicates that the effect by the addition of particle on the spanwise large-scale vortex structure is different from the streamwise counterpart.

Torsionally Coupled Response Control of Offshore Platform Structures Using Circular Tuned Liquid Column Dampers

In this paper, the control performance is investigated of Circular Tuned Liquid Column Dampers (CTLCD) over torsional response of offshore platform structures excited by ground motions. Based on the equation of motion for the CTLCD-structure system, the optimal control parameters of CTLCD are given through some derivations on the supposition that the ground motion is a stochastic process. The influence of systematic parameters on the equivalent damping ratio of the structures is analyzed with purely torsional vibration and translational-torsional coupled vibration, respectively. The results show that the Circular Tuned Liquid Column Damper (CTLCD) is an effective torsional response control device.

Behavior of eccentrically loaded concrete-filled GFRP tubular short columns

The glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) tube is an effective material that can increase the bearing capacity and ductility of concrete.To study the mechanical behavior of this composite structure,twenty-one concrete-filled GFRP tubular short columns were tested under an eccentric load.The principle influencing factors,such as the eccentricity ratio,concrete strength and ratio of longitudinal reinforcement were also studied.In addition,the course of deformation,failure mode,and failure mechanism were analyzed by observing the phenomena and summarizing the data.The test results indicated that the strength and deformation characteristics of core concrete increase as a result of the addition of the GFRP tube.However,the gain in strength due to the addition of the GFRP tube decreases as the ratio of e /d increases.An increase in the longitudinal steel ratio can improve the bearing capacity of the composite short column effectively.Furthermore,the study showed that the constraint effect of the GFRP tube on high-strength concrete is not as effective as that on common concrete.The reason is that the lateral deformation of the high-strength concrete is less than that of the common concrete when the concrete column was tested under the same axial compression ratio.

Torsional effect of space structure in frequent earthquakes

Taking a concrete frame supporting space structure as the research object,we systematically studied its lateral-torsion coupling effect of reverse problems in consistent earthquake excitation.Firstly,based on its reverse forms and features,we put forward a mechanical analysis model(flexibility layer model) and a calculation method using the response spectrum method and the weighted average method,and verified their validity and feasibility using case analysis.The result shows that the translation displacement change trend of the space structure is basically the same whether reverse exists in the supporting structure or not,but the supporting structure torsion has an effect on the displacement with a relative increase of 10%.

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Flexible Plate with Partitioned Coupling Method

The development and rapid usage of numerical codes for fluid-structure interaction(FSI) problems are of great relevance to researchers in many engineering fields such as civil engineering and ocean engineering. This multidisciplinary field known as FSI has been expanded to engineering fields such as offshore structures, tall slender structures and other flexible structures applications. The motivation of this paper is to investigate the numerical model of two-way coupling FSI partitioned flexible plate structure under fluid flow. The adopted partitioned method and approach utilized the advantage of the existing numerical algorithms in solving the two-way coupling fluid and structural interactions. The flexible plate was subjected to a fluid flow which causes large deformation on the fluid domain from the oscillation of the flexible plate. Both fluid and flexible plate are subjected to the interaction of load transfer within two physics by using the strong and weak coupling methods of MFS and Load Transfer Physics Environment, respectively. The oscillation and deformation results have been validated which demonstrate the reliability of both strong and weak method in resolving the two-way coupling problem in contribution of knowledge to the feasibility field study of ocean engineering and civil engineering.

大直径偏心型文丘里施肥器优化设计与试验

为改善现有大直径文丘里施肥器的吸肥性能,对其进行结构优化设计.基于大直径对称型文丘里施肥器(M型),对其改造设计为偏心型文丘里施肥器(P型).采用正交设计方法,应用数值模拟技术,以吸肥效率为评价指标确定P型文丘里施肥器最优结构参数组合,并对2种施肥器进行试验测试和数值模拟对比分析.结果表明最优结构参数组合为喉管进口直径17 mm、扩散角3°、喉管出口直径20 mm、喉管凹槽宽度4 mm、喉管直线段长度16.6 mm、喉管凹槽直径27 mm、收缩角23.5°.通过试验测试对比分析,经结构优化后的P型施肥器较M型施肥器的最大吸肥流量提高了21.4%;在进口压力为0.25 MPa时,最大吸肥浓度提升了约30.7%,最大吸肥效率提升了约13.9%.流场分析表明,相较于M型施肥器,在相同的压差条件下,P型施肥器更不容易产生空化,并且P型文丘里施肥器流态更加稳定,能量损失更小.可见优化后的偏心型文丘里施肥器能提高吸肥性能.

波纹钢-混凝土复合结构高温压弯性态研究

波纹钢-混凝土复合结构因其强度较高且施工高效已逐渐应用于隧道支护中,但波纹钢板由于无混凝土的保护,在高温下性能劣化严重。依托云南省普洱市高山寨隧道,利用ABAQUS软件建立有限元模型进行数值模拟分析,研究波纹钢-混凝土复合结构在不同温度和不同偏心距正负弯矩作用下的多工况高温压弯性态。研究结果表明,随着温度的升高,波纹钢-混凝土复合结构中和轴逐渐上移,初始抗弯刚度和极限荷载逐渐下降;当温度>500℃时,结构性能降低幅度最大,宜将500℃作为结构重点关注温度。

钢框架-偏心支撑结构消能梁暗置侧向支撑设计

在钢框架-偏心支撑结构中,针对钢结构住宅等建筑中不能接受常规消能梁侧向支撑的情况,设计了一种在消能梁段端部的楼板内设置型钢连接件及暗梁组成的暗置侧向支撑。有限元模拟分析表明,在规范规定的消能梁段下翼缘侧向水平荷载的作用下,该消能梁暗置侧向支撑能显著减小消能梁的扭转变形和侧向弯曲变形;在考虑消能梁上局部楼板失效的情况下,暗置侧向支撑也能提供消能梁合适的扭转约束刚度。通过某工程的原位静荷载试验,验证了该暗置支撑对消能梁发挥的预期侧向支撑作用。

含裂纹反应堆支承结构偏心承载能力研究

针对偏心载荷下含裂纹反应堆支承结构的安全性评定和剩余承载力评估问题,本文开展了支承结构材料断裂力学性能试验。结合数值模拟和双参数失效评定法,探讨了不同裂纹长度和载荷偏心度对支承结构承载能力的影响。结果表明:裂纹长度和载荷偏心度对支承结构的剩余承载力均有显著影响,在进行含裂纹支承结构完整性评定时要考虑载荷的偏心特点,但不同裂纹长度下的双参数失效评定曲线有较为明显的区别,不同载荷偏心度下的评定曲线差别不大;轴向拉伸载荷下的剩余承载力与裂纹长度近似为线性相关,偏心拉伸载荷下具有一定非线性特征。研究成果为核动力系统生命力评估提供方法和数据库。

某带钢拱的超限高层建筑结构设计

项目位于高烈度地区,存在扭转不规则、偏心布置、楼板不连续、尺寸突变和局部不规则。针对上述不规则项采取了专项分析,同时制定了合理的结构性能化目标,进行计算分析验证结构性能。裙房存在26m×41m的大跨空间,采取了钢拱结构形式,并通过参数化技术优化钢拱的几何形状,改善了结构受力,对于钢拱结构进行了弹塑性、舒适度、竖向地震、节点、稳定性施工模拟专项分析。同时比较了钢拱在增加拉索的方案中,可减少水平地震力引起的拱结构内力,但反应谱法无法考虑拉索受压索力退出工作的情况,其计算方法需进一步的研究,但类似工程可考虑时程分析计算结果后调整相关杆件的内力设计方法。

基于倾角检测仪的水平井定向桥射联作技术

在定向桥射联作施工中,当射孔枪泵送至井下水平段射孔位置后,利用现有技术手段无法检测射孔弹发射口的朝向。通过研制倾角检测仪和全集成定向射孔装置,将选发控制芯片和三轴加速度传感器集成于一体,设计控制电路实现分簇射孔的起爆控制,实时测量射孔弹的方向并上传至地面选发控制系统;当检测到射孔弹方向不正确时,拖动枪串重新泵送使弹架旋转并重新定向,如果射孔弹方向仍不正确,则起出工具串整改后再施工。该技术使得接头与弹架触点连接无需接线,缩短了施工时间,方向测量角度偏差≤2.00°。在F196-XP34井现场应用11段,成功率100%。该技术可应用于所有水平井定向桥射联作,尤其适用于套管外避光纤的射孔工艺,具有较大的推广应用价值。

薄鞘高包覆涤纶/棉包芯纱的结构控制及其工艺

为探究高包覆包芯纱的临界包覆率实现不露芯的包覆效果,采用低比例棉纤维包覆7.78 tex涤纶低弹丝制备出高包覆率包芯纱,且截面接近理想结构的涤纶/棉包芯纱,并进一步探讨外包棉纤维的临界比例,以及纱线结构与包覆率、棉与涤纶比例之间的关系。实验以5%为梯度不断减少外包棉纤维含量共纺制8组包芯纱,并通过数码显微系统表征纱线包覆率、截面结构等特点。结果表明:当外包棉纤维比例为53%时,包芯纱包覆率还保持在87.5%,此后包芯纱包覆率低于85%出现大面积露芯;随着外包棉纤维含量梯度化减少,包芯纱包覆率降幅呈三段变化,由开始的0.3%变化为4%,最后在52%的比例时降幅突增为9.4%。不同比例涤纶与棉纺制的包芯纱截面偏心度平均变化范围为8.8%~11.2%,实现了包芯纱结构的稳定控制。

对拉钢筋对管幕预筑结构偏压构件受力性能影响研究

为研究对拉钢筋的直径及布设位置对管幕预筑结构偏压性能的影响,设计3根设置对拉钢筋和3根不设置对拉钢筋的管幕预筑结构构件,并进行3种不同偏心距的室内加载试验,重点考察构件的破坏形态、荷载-挠度关系和极限承载力;建立与试验对应的数值模型,通过计算结果和试验结果的对比验证模型的可靠性,并得到构件极限承载力随对拉钢筋直径及布设位置的变化规律。研究表明:1)在管幕预筑结构偏压构件中设置对拉钢筋连接件能有效提高钢管幕的受力参与程度,增强钢板与混凝土的组合作用,从而提高构件的承载能力和变形能力。2)构件的极限承载力随对拉钢筋直径的增大而增大。3)对拉钢筋的布置位置对结构的强度及刚度影响较小,在小偏心受压条件下布置在构件变截面最大跨度、大偏心受压条件下布置在构件变截面与平截面交接处时,构件的极限承载力相对更佳。

半干式连接装配式开洞剪力墙抗震性能研究

提出了一种螺栓干式连接与后浇带相结合所形成的半干式连接装配式开洞组合剪力墙结构。通过建立同尺寸的现浇和装配式开洞组合剪力墙有限元模型,并对比分析二者数值模拟结果,验证了半干式连接方式的可行性和可靠性;进一步对采用此连接方式的装配式开洞组合剪力墙进行变参数模拟。通过对模拟结果分析发现洞口开洞率的增加会降低墙体整体性能,洞口偏心率、轴压比和高宽比对墙体承载性能、抗侧刚度和延性有明显影响,应控制洞口偏心率和高宽比不宜过大,轴压比应控制在适当范围。

隔震支座布置对地铁上盖多塔楼隔震结构的抗震性能影响分析

隔震支座的布置方式影响整隔震层的刚度,从而影响隔震效果。基于铅芯橡胶支座刚度占比和偏心率,确定了隔震支座的布置方式,研究了不同隔震支座布置方式对地铁上盖多塔楼隔震结构地震响应的影响。研究了隔震结构的减震系数、楼层加速度、层间位移角、楼层位移和楼层剪力的变化规律。研究结果表明,铅芯橡胶支座刚度占比在一定范围内变化,对于隔震层及盖上结构,减震系数增大,楼层加速度、楼层位移、层间位移角和楼层剪力减小;对于盖下结构,减震系数和楼层剪力增大,楼层加速度和层间位移角减小,楼层位移几乎不变;偏心率在一定范围内变化,对于隔震层及盖上结构,减震系数和楼层加速度增大,楼层位移、层间位移角和楼层剪力减小;对于盖下结构,减震系数增大,层间位移角和楼层剪力减小;楼层加速度和楼层位移几乎没有变化。

某6度区高层建筑沿高度逐渐收进偏置的结构分析

随着高层建筑的广泛设计和建造,建筑体形逐渐出现多样化、复杂化,其中就有塔楼沿高度逐渐收进偏心布置的高层建筑,此类结构与一般的塔楼偏置或多塔结构的受力性能有所不同。由于塔楼偏置主要工作是控制和解决其扭转效应作用的影响,故通过多种模型假定计算,分析了某6度区塔楼沿高度逐渐收进偏置的高层建筑的扭转效应随塔楼偏置程度、收进的高度等因素的影响,进行受力剖析,找出其楼层扭转位移比偏大的原因,并针对以上不利影响提出了相应的加强措施,为其他类似的塔楼偏置高层建筑的结构设计提供参考。