A Retrodirective Array Enabled by CMOS Chips for Two-Way Wireless Communication with Automatic Beam Tracking

This article proposes and demonstrates a retrodirective array(RDA)for two-way wireless communication with automatic beam tracking.The proposed RDA is enabled by specifically designed chips made using a domestic complementary metal-oxide semiconductor(CMOS)process.The highly integrated CMOS chip includes a receiving(Rx)chain,a transmitting(Tx)chain,and a unique tracking phaselocked loop(PLL)for the crucial conjugated phase recovery in the RDA.This article also proposes a method to reduce the beam pointing error(BPE)in a conventional RDA.To validate the above ideas simply yet without loss of generality,a 2.4 GHz RDA is demonstrated through two-way communication links between the Rx and Tx chains,and an on-chip quadrature coupler is designed to achieve a nonretrodirective signal suppression of 23 dBc.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RDA,which incorporates domestically manufactured low-cost 0.18 lm CMOS chips,is capable of automatically tracking beams covering±40with a reduced BPE.Each CMOS chip in the RDA has a compact size of 4.62 mm^(2) and a low power consumption of 0.15 W.To the best of the authors’knowledge,this is the first research to demonstrate an RDA with a fully customized CMOS chip for wireless communication with automatic beam tracking。

Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with two-way classical communication

The data post-processing scheme based on two-way classical communication(TWCC)can improve the tolerable bit error rate and extend the maximal transmission distance when used in a quantum key distribution(QKD)system.In this study,we apply the TWCC method to improve the performance of reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution(RFI-QKD),and analyze the influence of the TWCC method on the performance of decoy-state RFI-QKD in both asymptotic and non-asymptotic cases.Our numerical simulation results show that the TWCC method is able to extend the maximal transmission distance from 175 km to 198 km and improve the tolerable bit error rate from 10.48%to 16.75%.At the same time,the performance of RFI-QKD in terms of the secret key rate and maximum transmission distance are still greatly improved when statistical fluctuations are considered.We conclude that RFI-QKD with the TWCC method is of practical interest.

On Scalar Planck Waves

The sound of space-time at the large scale is observed in the form of gravitational waves, which are disturbances in space-time produced by wavelike distortions (or kinks) in the gravitational field of an accelerating parcel or distribution of energy. In this study, we investigate a hypothetical wave mode of quantum space-time, which suggests the existence of scalar Planck waves. According to this hypothesis, the sound of quantum space-time corresponds to kinks propagating in the gravitational displacement field of an oscillating energy density. In evaluating the emission of scalar Planck waves and their effect on the geometry of space-time, one finds that they not only transport a vanishingly small amount of energy but can also be used to simulate gravity.

Beamforming Design for IRS-and-UAV-Aided Two-Way Amplify-and-Forward Relay Networks in Maritime IoT

In this paper,an intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-and-unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-assisted two-way amplify-and-forward(AF)relay network in maritime Internet of Things(IoT)is proposed,where ship1(S1)and ship2(S2)can be viewed as data collecting centers.To enhance the message exchange rate between S1 and S2,a problem of maximizing minimum rate is cast,where the variables,namely AF relay beamforming matrix and IRS phase shifts of two time slots,need to be optimized.To achieve a maximum rate,a low-complexity alternately iterative(AI)scheme based on zero forcing and successive convex approximation(LC-ZF-SCA)algorithm is presented.To obtain a significant rate enhancement,a high-performance AI method based on one step,semidefinite programming and penalty SCA(ONSSDP-PSCA)is proposed.Simulation results show that by the proposed LC-ZF-SCA and ONS-SDP-PSCA methods,the rate of the IRS-and-UAV-assisted AF relay network surpass those of with random phase and only AF relay networks.Moreover,ONS-SDP-PSCA perform better than LC-ZF-SCA in aspect of rate.

Helmholtz decomposition with a scalar Poisson equation in elastic anisotropic media

P-and S-wave separation plays an important role in elastic reverse-time migration.It can reduce the artifacts caused by crosstalk between different modes and improve image quality.In addition,P-and Swave separation can also be used to better understand and distinguish wave types in complex media.At present,the methods for separating wave modes in anisotropic media mainly include spatial nonstationary filtering,low-rank approximation,and vector Poisson equation.Most of these methods require multiple Fourier transforms or the calculation of large matrices,which require high computational costs for problems with large scale.In this paper,an efficient method is proposed to separate the wave mode for anisotropic media by using a scalar anisotropic Poisson operator in the spatial domain.For 2D problems,the computational complexity required by this method is 1/2 of the methods based on solving a vector Poisson equation.Therefore,compared with existing methods based on pseudoHelmholtz decomposition operators,this method can significantly reduce the computational cost.Numerical examples also show that the P and S waves decomposed by this method not only have the correct amplitude and phase relative to the input wavefield but also can reduce the computational complexity significantly.

A GENERALIZED SCALAR AUXILIARY VARIABLE METHOD FOR THE TIME-DEPENDENT GINZBURG-LANDAU EQUATIONS

This paper develops a generalized scalar auxiliary variable(SAV)method for the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations.The backward Euler method is used for discretizing the temporal derivative of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations.In this method,the system is decoupled and linearized to avoid solving the non-linear equation at each step.The theoretical analysis proves that the generalized SAV method can preserve the maximum bound principle and energy stability,and this is confirmed by the numerical result,and also shows that the numerical algorithm is stable.

Security-Reliability Analysis and Optimization for Cognitive Two-Way Relay Network with Energy Harvesting

This paper investigates the security and reliability of information transmission within an underlay wiretap energy harvesting cognitive two-way relay network.In the network,energy-constrained secondary network(SN)nodes harvest energy from radio frequency signals of a multi-antenna power beacon.Two SN sources exchange their messages via a SN decode-and-forward relay in the presence of a multiantenna eavesdropper by using a four-phase time division broadcast protocol,and the hardware impairments of SN nodes and eavesdropper are modeled.To alleviate eavesdropping attacks,the artificial noise is applied by SN nodes.The physical layer security performance of SN is analyzed and evaluated by the exact closed-form expressions of outage probability(OP),intercept probability(IP),and OP+IP over quasistatic Rayleigh fading channel.Additionally,due to the complexity of OP+IP expression,a self-adaptive chaotic quantum particle swarm optimization-based resource allocation algorithm is proposed to jointly optimize energy harvesting ratio and power allocation factor,which can achieve security-reliability tradeoff for SN.Extensive simulations demonstrate the correctness of theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithm.

Dynamic of Scalar Bosons in Aharonov-Bohm Magnetic Field

We study the dynamic of scalar bosons in the presence of Aharonov-Bohm magnetic field. First, we give the differential equation that governs this dynamic. Secondly, we use variational techniques to show that the following Schrödinger-Newton equation: , where A is an Aharonov-Bohm magnetic potential, has a unique ground-state solution.

Space-time correlations of passive scalar in Kraichnan model

We consider the two-point,two-time(space-time)correlation of passive scalar R(r,τ)in the Kraichnan model under the assumption of homogeneity and isotropy.Using the fine-gird PDF method,we find that R(r,τ)satisfies a diffusion equation with constant diffusion coefficient determined by velocity variance and molecular diffusion.Itssolution can be expressed in terms of the two-point,one time correlation of passive scalar,i.e.,R(r,0).Moreover,the decorrelation o R(k,τ),which is the Fourier transform of R(r,τ),is determined byR(k,0)and a diffusion kernal.

Investigating the Efficiency Coefficient of Pile Group in Clay Under Two-Way Lateral Load

This research investigates the behavior of a 2×2 pile group under two-directional lateral loads in addition to the vertical load.Through three-dimensional numerical modeling based on Flac 3D software,the study examines the total bearing capacity and efficiency coefficient of the pile group,considering factors such as the angle of lateral load,relative pile spacing,and relative stiffness of the pile-soil system.The findings highlight the significance of these factors in understanding and predicting the response of pile groups to changing lateral load directions.The results reveal that increasing the angle of the lateral load from 0°to 45°enhances both the maximum total lateral load and the efficiency coefficient of the pile group.When the relative stiffness of the pile-soil system significantly increases,soil stiffening occurs and reducing the relative spacing of the piles from 7 to 3 times the diameter of the piles diminishes the influence of the pile group.Consequently,the response of the pile group to lateral loads becomes more linear,with only a slight alteration in the maximum total lateral load and the efficiency coefficient when the lateral load is angled from 0°to 45°.Conversely,increasing the relative distance between the piles,specifically from 3 to 7 times the diameter of the piles,amplifies the influence of the pile group.Both the maximum total lateral load and the efficiency coefficient of the pile group exhibit an observed increase.These provide insights for designing pile groups and optimizing their performance under lateral loading conditions.

Secrecy Outage Probability for Two-Way Integrated Satellite Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Relay Networks with Hardware Impairments

In this paper,we investigate the secrecy outage performance for the two-way integrated satellite unmanned aerial vehicle relay networks with hardware impairments.Particularly,the closed-form expression for the secrecy outage probability is obtained.Moreover,to get more information on the secrecy outage probability in a high signalto-noise regime,the asymptotic analysis along with the secrecy diversity order and secrecy coding gain for the secrecy outage probability are also further obtained,which presents a fast method to evaluate the impact of system parameters and hardware impairments on the considered network.Finally,Monte Carlo simulation results are provided to show the efficiency of the theoretical analysis.

锥形束CT评价人工耳蜗植入的电极深度和位置

目的分析人工耳蜗植入后电极植入深度、位置与耳蜗大小、盘旋方式的关系,探讨植入后电极深度的影响因素和电极移位的原因。方法选取植入CI24RE(CA)弯电极30例和SONATA ti100 Standard直电极人工耳蜗装置41例,利用锥形束CT测量术后电极植入长度、植入深度角、电极在耳蜗内的位置,分析上述指标与术前CT评估的耳蜗大小、倾斜角度的关系。结果①术后电极植入深度角和长度均存在较大的个体差异。直电极组平均植入深度角为702±53度,平均植入长度为30.02±1.29 mm;弯电极组平均植入深度角为441±45度,平均植入长度为18.4±1.0 mm,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。②电极植入深度角与耳蜗底回的长径和宽径均呈负相关:直电极组r=-0.768(P<0.001)、r=-0.678(P<0.001),弯电极组r=-0.467(P=0.008)、r=-0.471(P=0.008)。电极植入长度与植入深度角呈正相关:直电极组r=0.578(P<0.001),弯电极组r=0.748(P<0.001)。③术后电极移位6例,均为弯电极且位于耳蜗180度位置。弯电极组中电极移位者与未移位者耳蜗底回倾斜角以及第一回和第二回之间的夹角差异有统计学意义(10.28度vs 8.75度,P=0.006;15.23度vs 14.00度,P=0.033)。结论人工耳蜗植入术后电极植入长度和深度角存在较大的个体差异,与耳蜗大小密切相关;耳蜗盘旋方式不同是引起电极移位的原因之一。

数量对合矩阵与数量反对合矩阵的迹与谱

应用相似关系下保持特征值与迹不变的性质,避开了计算特征多项式,得到了数量对合矩阵和数量反对合矩阵的只用迹表示的谱、行列式的计算公式及其相似等价类。作为应用,得到了通常对合矩阵、反对合矩阵、对称正交矩阵和反对称正交矩阵的相关结论。

全面精细化管理对血站批量无偿献血工作中非标量血液产生率的影响

目的分析全面精细化管理对血站批量无偿献血工作中非标量血液产生率的影响。方法选取2021年2月—2023年2月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第924医院输血医学科的13名工作人员为研究对象,其中2021年2月—2022年2月实施常规化管理为对照组,该阶段献血总人数5469人;2022年3月—2023年2月实施全面精细化管理后为观察组,该阶段献血总人数4679人。探究全面精细化管理对血站批量无偿献血工作中非标量血液产生率的影响。结果观察组非标量血液产生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.247,P<0.05);观察组血液采集时间显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组满意度(92.31%)高于对照组(69.23%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论全面精细化管理能显著降低血站批量无偿献血工作中非标量血液产生率,缩短采血时间,进一步提升血站工作人员的满意度。

轻量级位置隐私的安全查询方案

随着各类位置服务相关应用的快速发展,出现了需要对特定兴趣区域的访问用户进行查询和统计的服务需求。现有的查询方案可实现对访问用户的隐私保护,但采用的同态加密协议会引入较高的计算开销,无法实现对移动终端的实时统计,且存在不同兴趣区域的误判问题。基于布隆过滤器和安全向量内积协议,提出一种新的轻量级位置隐私查询方案。该方案设计了一种复合空间布隆过滤器,实现多种类位置数据的高效编码,与一种安全的向量内积计算协议结合,在保护用户位置隐私的前提下允许服务提供商完成对特定兴趣区域用户的访问统计。从理论上证明了方案的正确性和安全性,分析了其计算和通信开销。实验结果表明,该方案与典型代表方案相比,避免了用户在不同兴趣区域的误判问题,提高了查询准确度;在所设定实验条件下,离线和在线计算开销可降低2个数量级,同时可减少约50%通信开销。

“哪里是A,简直是B”的量级构式研究

从“量级构式”这一特殊视角出发,对“哪里是A,简直是B”进行全新的研究。“哪里是A,简直是B”不仅是构式,更是一个量级构式,具有标记量级信息的功能。“哪里是A,简直是B”有多种构式变体形式、特殊量级形式和量级语义维度,其形成机制是构式互动和构式压制。

一种基于径向基隐式曲面的地质三维建模方法

针对目前基于钻孔数据生成地质三维模型过程繁琐、算法复杂、中间数据庞大的弊端,本文使用钻孔点和径向基隐函数模型描述地层曲面,以多边形标量场提取曲面函数模型的等势面生成地质曲面进行可视化;再提取曲面的边框,根据网格大小长度提取边框的转折点数据;根据上下相邻两个地层曲面的边框转折点,绘制侧立面;合并侧立面与上下相邻两地质层曲面,生成地质三维模型。并使用郑州市高新区地质钻孔数据作为数据源进行实验,快速完整地生成了研究区的地质体三维模型。

一种高效轻量的双参数椭圆曲线数字签名批量验证方案

为解决大规模交易任务的签名验证给区块链节点带来繁琐的开销和经典的椭圆曲线数字签名算法(ECDSA)中耗时的模逆运算,提出一种高效轻量的双参数椭圆曲线数字签名(TP-ECDSA)批量验证方案。一方面,TP-ECDSA在签名和验证阶段均无模逆运算,在该算法中引入批量验证能将标量乘的计算次数从2t减少到[2,t+1]。另一方面,KGLP算法能加速标量乘运算,引入该算法能显著地提升签名验证的效率。实验表明,与ECDSA相比,不论是独立验证还是批量验证,TP-ECDSA的运行速度均提高了50%以上,签名验证效率显著提升。

Two-way中继系统中的双向中继选择及功率分配策略

通过中继选择和功率分配,可以达到提高two-way中继系统总速率的目的。综合考虑中继节点处的接收信噪比和中继节点到目的节点间的信道增益,提出了two-way AF中继系统中的双向中继选择策略(BRS);同时,在总功率受限的条件下,建立了two-way AF中继系统中的优化功率分配模型,通过对模型进行数学分析求解,提出了一种自适应的最优功率分配策略(OPA)。仿真结果证明两种策略均能提高系统总速率。

Two-way中继系统中基于最小化中断概率的功率分配策略

为了降低Two-way中继系统中断概率,提出了一种Two-way中继系统中基于最小化中断概率的功率分配策略。首先推导了Two-way中继系统中断概率的闭合表达式,然后在总功率受限的条件下,提出了一种最小化中断概率的最优功率分配策略(OPA),通过拉格朗日乘数法对该优化模型进行了求解。仿真结果证明了该策略能够有效降低系统的中断概率,提高系统性能。