Analysis of a Typical Case of Meteorological Service in Tangpu Reservoir

The continuous rainy precipitation process from February to March in 2019 was selected to analyze the effect of meteorological service in Tangpu Reservoir basin,so as to sum up service experience and then lay a better foundation for subsequent services.In response to the rainy weather from December 2018 to early 2019,three rounds of flood discharge were carried out in Tangpu Reservoir.During February-March in 2019,the hit rate of short-term area rainfall forecast for Tangpu Reservoir was 80.0%.Compared with the median of forecast interval,the average absolute error was 7.6 mm,and the relative error was 32.7%.The large deviation in the forecast from March 27 to 28 was deeply analyzed,and it is found that the main reasons were excessive reliance on and trust in a single model,insufficient correction of the actual situation,and insufficient judgment of the nature of precipitation.For the future reservoir meteorological service,three aspects of thinking were put forward,such as further strengthening the sharing of hydrological and meteorological information,improving the forecasting ability,and deepening the research of runoff forecast models.

Rare and lacking typical clinical symptoms of liver tumors:Four case reports

BACKGROUND Rare liver tumors(RLTs)have an extremely low likelihood of forming,and some have been recorded only in isolated cases.The lack of normal clinical symptoms in RLTs makes preoperative diagnosis extremely challenging,which results in frequent misinterpretation.The present case report helps enhance our ability to recognize and treat uncommon liver tumor disorders.CASE SUMMARY We describe four distinct examples of rare liver tumor diseases.These cases were all true cases with no conventional clinical signs or imaging findings.In all patients,hepatic occupancy was discovered on physical examination,which raised the preoperative suspicion of hepatic cancer.All tumors were surgically removed,and postoperative histology and immunohistochemistry were performed to confirm the diagnosis.The first patient had primary hepatic fibrosarcoma.The second case involved a primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors.These two patients had malignant liver tumors,and both had extremely satisfactory surgical outcomes.The third case involved focal hepatic steatosis,and the fourth case involved a single necrotic nodule in the liver.These two patients had benign liver tumors,but they had already undergone surgery and did not require any postoperative care.CONCLUSION The number of patients with RLTs is small,and the clinical and imaging results are vague.Preoperative diagnosis is challenging,and patients are sometimes mistakenly diagnosed with liver cancer,which leads to unnecessary surgical therapy in certain individuals.

Improving the Accuracy of Vegetation Index Retrieval for Biomass by Combining Ground-UAV Hyperspectral Data-A New Method for Inner Mongolia Typical Grasslands

Grassland biomass is an important parameter of grassland ecosystems.The complexity of the grassland canopy vegetation spectrum makes the long-term assessment of grassland growth a challenge.Few studies have explored the original spectral information of typical grasslands in Inner Mongolia and examined the influence of spectral information on aboveground biomass(AGB)estimation.In order to improve the accuracy of vegetation index inversion of grassland AGB,this study combined ground and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)remote sensing technology and screened sensitive bands through ground hyperspectral data transformation and correlation analysis.The narrow band vegetation indices were calculated,and ground and airborne hyperspectral inversion models were established.Finally,the accuracy of the model was verified.The results showed that:(1)The vegetation indices constructed based on the ASD FieldSpec 4 and the UAV were significantly correlated with the dry and fresh weight of AGB.(2)The comparison between measured R^(2) with the prediction R^(2) indicated that the accuracy of the model was the best when using the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index(SAVI)as the independent variable in the analysis of AGB(fresh weight/dry weight)and four narrow-band vegetation indices.The SAVI vegetation index showed better applicability for biomass monitoring in typical grassland areas of Inner Mongolia.(3)The obtained ground and airborne hyperspectral data with the optimal vegetation index suggested that the dry weight of AGB has the best fitting effect with airborne hyperspectral data,where y=17.962e^(4.672x),the fitting R^(2) was 0.542,the prediction R^(2)was 0.424,and RMSE and REE were 57.03 and 0.65,respectively.Therefore,established vegetation indices by screening sensitive bands through hyperspectral feature analysis can significantly improve the inversion accuracy of typical grassland biomass in Inner Mongolia.Compared with ground monitoring,airborne hyperspectral monitoring better reflects the inversion of actual surface biomass.It provides a reliable modeling framework for grassland AGB monitoring and scientific and technological support for grazing management.

Using clinical cases to guide healthcare

Evidence-based practice(EBP)has been the gold standard in healthcare for nearly three centuries and aims to assist physicians in providing the safest and most effective healthcare for their patients.The well-established hierarchy of evidence lists systematic reviews and meta-analyses at the top however these methodologies are not always appropriate or possible and in these instances case-control studies,case series and case reports are utilised to support EBP.Case-control studies allow simultaneous study of multiple risk factors and can be performed rapidly and relatively cheaply.A recent example was during the Coronavirus pandemic where case-control studies were used to assess the efficacy of personal protective equipment for healthcare workers.Case series and case reports also play a role in EBP and are particularly useful to study rare diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease in transgender and gender non-conforming individuals.They are also vital in generating and disseminating early signals and encouraging further research.Whilst these methodologies have weaknesses,particularly with regards to bias and loss of patient confidentiality for rare pathologies,they have an important part to play in EBP and when appropriately utilised can significantly impact upon clinical practice.

C-CORE:Clustering by Code Representation to Prioritize Test Cases in Compiler Testing

Edge devices,due to their limited computational and storage resources,often require the use of compilers for program optimization.Therefore,ensuring the security and reliability of these compilers is of paramount importance in the emerging field of edge AI.One widely used testing method for this purpose is fuzz testing,which detects bugs by inputting random test cases into the target program.However,this process consumes significant time and resources.To improve the efficiency of compiler fuzz testing,it is common practice to utilize test case prioritization techniques.Some researchers use machine learning to predict the code coverage of test cases,aiming to maximize the test capability for the target compiler by increasing the overall predicted coverage of the test cases.Nevertheless,these methods can only forecast the code coverage of the compiler at a specific optimization level,potentially missing many optimization-related bugs.In this paper,we introduce C-CORE(short for Clustering by Code Representation),the first framework to prioritize test cases according to their code representations,which are derived directly from the source codes.This approach avoids being limited to specific compiler states and extends to a broader range of compiler bugs.Specifically,we first train a scaled pre-trained programming language model to capture as many common features as possible from the test cases generated by a fuzzer.Using this pre-trained model,we then train two downstream models:one for predicting the likelihood of triggering a bug and another for identifying code representations associated with bugs.Subsequently,we cluster the test cases according to their code representations and select the highest-scoring test case from each cluster as the high-quality test case.This reduction in redundant testing cases leads to time savings.Comprehensive evaluation results reveal that code representations are better at distinguishing test capabilities,and C-CORE significantly enhances testing efficiency.Across four datasets,C-CORE increases the average of the percentage of faults detected(APFD)value by 0.16 to 0.31 and reduces test time by over 50% in 46% of cases.When compared to the best results from approaches using predicted code coverage,C-CORE improves the APFD value by 1.1% to 12.3% and achieves an overall time-saving of 159.1%.

Research on typical operating conditions of hydrogen production system with off-grid wind power considering the characteristics of proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell

Hydrogen energy,with its abundant reserves,green and low-carbon characteristic,high energy density,diverse sources,and wide applications,is gradually becoming an important carrier in the global energy transformation and development.In this paper,the off-grid wind power hydrogen production system is considered as the research object,and the operating characteristics of a proton exchange membrane(PEM)electrolysis cell,including underload,overload,variable load,and start-stop are analyzed.On this basis,the characteristic extraction of wind power output data after noise reduction is carried out,and then the self-organizing mapping neural network algorithm is used for clustering to extract typical wind power output scenarios and perform weight distribution based on the statistical probability.The trend and fluctuation components are superimposed to generate the typical operating conditions of an off-grid PEM electrolytic hydrogen production system.The historical output data of an actual wind farm are used for the case study,and the results confirm the feasibility of the method proposed in this study for obtaining the typical conditions of off-grid wind power hydrogen production.The results provide a basis for studying the dynamic operation characteristics of PEM electrolytic hydrogen production systems,and the performance degradation mechanism of PEM electrolysis cells under fluctuating inputs.

An Investigation on Open-RAN Specifications:Use Cases,Security Threats,Requirements,Discussions

The emergence of various technologies such as terahertz communications,Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces(RIS),and AI-powered communication services will burden network operators with rising infrastructure costs.Recently,the Open Radio Access Network(O-RAN)has been introduced as a solution for growing financial and operational burdens in Beyond 5G(B5G)and 6G networks.O-RAN promotes openness and intelligence to overcome the limitations of traditional RANs.By disaggregating conventional Base Band Units(BBUs)into O-RAN Distributed Units(O-DU)and O-RAN Centralized Units(O-CU),O-RAN offers greater flexibility for upgrades and network automation.However,this openness introduces new security challenges compared to traditional RANs.Many existing studies overlook these security requirements of the O-RAN networks.To gain deeper insights into the O-RAN system and security,this paper first provides an overview of the general O-RAN architecture and its diverse use cases relevant to B5G and 6G applications.We then delve into specifications of O-RAN security threats and requirements,aiming to mitigate security vulnerabilities effectively.By providing a comprehensive understanding of O-RAN architecture,use cases,and security considerations,thisworkserves as a valuable resource for future research in O-RAN and its security.

Successful management of severe hypoglycemia induced by total parenteral nutrition in patients with hepatocellular injury: Three cases reports

BACKGROUND Glucose imbalance is common in total parenteral nutrition(TPN).Hypoglycemia seems to be less frequent than hyperglycemia,but it influences the clinical outcome to a greater extent.Therefore,it should be effectively prevented and treated.However,there is no relevant report on how to treat hypoglycemia caused by TPN in patients with liver cell injury.CASE SUMMARY We present three patients with liver cell injury who developed severe hypo-glycemia during or after TPN infusion.The causes of severe hypoglycemia and glucose-raising strategies were discussed.According to the physiological charac-teristics of the hepatocellular injury,the ratio of nutrition components prescribed in TPN was appropriately adjusted for the three cases.We simultaneously reduced the dose of insulin and fat emulsion,and increased the dose of glucose in TPN.The blood glucose level was restored to normal range and clinical symptoms were eliminated.CONCLUSION When hypoglycemia occurs during or after TPN in patients with hepatocellular injury,physicians need to simultaneously reduce insulin and fat emulsion,and increase glucose,and correct severe hypoglycemia in time to reduce its adverse consequences.

Changes in macrophage infiltration and podocyte injury in lupus nephritis patients with repeated renal biopsy: Report of three cases

BACKGROUND In this study,we retrospectively analysed macrophage infiltration and podocyte injury in three patients with diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis(LN)who un-derwent repeated renal biopsy.CASE SUMMARY Clinical data of three diffuse proliferative LN patients with different pathological characteristics(case 1 was LN IV-G(A),case 2 was LN IV-G(A)+V,and case 3 was LN IV-G(A)+thrombotic microangiopathy)were reviewed.All patients underwent repeated renal biopsies 6 mo later,and renal biopsy specimens were studied.Macrophage infiltration was assessed by CD68 expression detected by immunohistochemical staining,and an immunofluorescence assay was used to detect podocin expression to assess podocyte damage.After treatment,Case 1 changed to LN III-(A),Case 2 remained as type V LN lesions,and Case 3,which changed to LN IV-S(A),had the worst prognosis.We observed reduced macro-phage infiltration after therapy.However,two of the patients with active lesions after treatment still showed macrophage infiltration in the renal interstitium.Before treatment,the three patients showed discontinuous expression of podocin.Notably,the integrity of podocin was restored after treatment in Case 1.CONCLUSION It may be possible to reverse podocyte damage and decrease the infiltrating ma-crophages in LN patients through effective treatment.

Analysis on Typical Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Open-cast Mining and Its Countermeasures

In order to deal with the special spatio-temporal environmental changes encountered in the process of open-cast mining,taking Huolinhe No.1 Open-cast Mine as the research object,this paper studied its typical problems in river reconstruction and cultural relics protection.The study focused on eight key core aspects,including the design optimization of the spatial layout of the mining area,the accurate estimation of the mineral resources reserves,the scientific theoretical demonstration of the mining scale,the fine analysis and calculation of the stripping ratio,the comprehensive consideration of the transport distance and efficiency,the accurate judgment of the best time for the implementation of the transformation,the analysis and evaluation of the slope stability,and the overall planning of the production system.The results show that the extracted problem-solving strategies and scheme system for special mining conditions can not only provide specific and practical guidance for Huolinhe No.1 Open-cast Mine,but also serve as a valuable reference and practical reference for other open-cast mine enterprises facing similar challenges.

Atypical cervical spondylotic radiculopathy resulting in a hypertensive emergency during cervical extension: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Extensive research revealed the absence of reports documenting hypertensive emergencies precipitated by changes in the cervical spine posture.CASE SUMMARY We here present a 57-year-old woman diagnosed as having cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(CSR)who was scheduled for anterior cervical decompression and fusion.During post-anesthetic positioning,a sudden hypertensive surge was observed when the patient was in a supine position with the neck being slightly extended.This surge was promptly reversed through cervical flexion and head elevation.This event however required an alternate surgical approach for recovery—posterior laminoplasty and endoscopy-assisted nucleus pulposus removal.Following the 6-month outpatient follow-up period,cervical flexion and extension activities substantially improved in the patient without any episodes of increase in acute blood pressure.CONCLUSION Maintaining a safe hypotensive posture and performing rapid,thorough deco-mpression surgery may serve as effective interventions for patients presenting symptoms similar to those of CSR accompanied by hypertensive emergencies(HE).This would mitigate the underlying causes of these HEs.

Atypical Guillain-Barrésyndrome with positive anti-sulfatide,anti-GT1b,and anti-GT1a antibodies:A case report

BACKGROUND The role of diverse antibodies in mediating peripheral nerve injury in Guillain-Barrésyndrome(GBS)is becoming clearer,but positivity for multiple antibodies in one case is uncommon.To our knowledge,this is the first case involving GBS with positive anti-sulfatide,anti-GT1a,and anti-GT1b antibodies.CASE SUMMARY A 20-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to weakness of limbs for 5 d,and deterioration of the weakness and muscle aches for 1 d.The patient's limbs were weak,but the tendon reflexes in the part of the limbs were normal.There was no comorbid peripheral nociception or deep sensory dysfunction.She was diagnosed with GBS and was discharged after receiving intravenous human immunoglobulin pulse therapy.CONCLUSION In this article,the clinical manifestations,neurophysiological examination,and auxiliary examination findings of a GBS patient positive for multiple antibodies were analyzed to improve the identification of the disease by clinical physicians at an early stage.

Atypical presentation of a posterior fossa tumour:A case report

BACKGROUND We described a case of a patient with a meningioma in the posterior fossa presenting atypically with an isolated unilateral vocal cord palsy causing severe respiratory distress.This is of interest as the patient had no other symptomatology,especially given the size of the mass,which would typically cause a pressure effect leading to neurological and auditory symptoms.CASE SUMMARY This case report described a 48-year-old male who was married with two children and employed as a car guard.He had a medical history of asthma for the past 10 years controlled with an as-needed beta 2 agonist metered dose inhaler.He initially presented to our facility with severe respiratory distress.He reported a 1-wk history of shortness of breath and wheezing that was not relieved by his bronchodilator.He had no constitutional symptoms or impairment of hearing.On clinical examination,the patient’s chest was“silent.”Our initial assessment was status asthmaticus with type 2 respiratory failure,based on the history of asthma,a“silent chest,”and the arterial blood gas results.CONCLUSION A posterior fossa meningioma of such a large size and with extensive infiltration rarely presents with an isolated unilateral vocal cord palsy.The patient’s chief presenting feature was severe respiratory distress,which combined with his background medical history of asthma,was misleading.Clinicians should thus consider meningioma as a differential diagnosis for a unilateral vocal cord palsy even without audiology involvement.

Concomitant atypical knee gout and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis:A case report

BACKGROUND Gout and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis(SNRA)are two distinct inflammatory joint diseases whose co-occurrence is relatively infrequently reported.Limited information is available regarding the clinical management and prognosis of these combined diseases.CASE SUMMARY A 57-year-old woman with a 20-year history of joint swelling,tenderness,and morning stiffness who was negative for rheumatoid factor and had a normal uric acid level was diagnosed with SNRA.The initial regimen of methotrexate,leflunomide,and celecoxib alleviated her symptoms,except for those associated with the knee.After symptom recurrence after medication cessation,her regimen was updated to include iguratimod,methotrexate,methylprednisolone,and folic acid,but her knee issues persisted.Minimally invasive needle-knife scope therapy revealed proliferating pannus and needle-shaped crystals in the knee,indicating coexistent SNRA and atypical knee gout.After postarthroscopic surgery to remove the synovium and urate crystals,and following a tailored regimen of methotrexate,leflunomide,celecoxib,benzbromarone,and allopurinol,her knee symptoms were significantly alleviated with no recurrence observed over a period of more than one year,indicating successful management of both conditions.CONCLUSION This study reports the case of a patient concurrently afflicted with atypical gout of the knee and SNRA and underscores the significance of minimally invasive joint techniques as effective diagnostic and therapeutic tools in the field of rheumatology and immunology.

Atypical Weight Loss in Two Patients with Schizophrenia Treated with Clozapine: A Case Report

Clozapine is widely recognized as an effective antipsychotic medication for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, but it is typically associated with significant weight gain. This case report presents two unusual cases of patients with schizophrenia who experienced substantial weight loss while on long-term clozapine therapy. The first case involves a 35-year-old male who lost 21.3% of his initial body weight, and the second case describes a 54-year-old female who lost 30.2% of her initial weight, despite having comorbid hypothyroidism. Both patients showed improvement in psychiatric symptoms concurrent with the weight loss. Comprehensive investigations did not reveal other clear etiologies for the weight reduction. These cases challenge the conventional understanding of clozapine’s metabolic effects and highlight the potential for atypical responses in some individuals. The report discusses possible mechanisms for this unusual phenomenon, including genetic factors and altered pharmacokinetics. It also emphasizes the need for individualized monitoring and management strategies in clozapine therapy. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence suggesting that metabolic responses to clozapine may be more complex and varied than previously thought, underscoring the importance of personalized approaches in schizophrenia treatment.

Gestational diabetes mellitus combined with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus, four cases of double diabetes: A case report

BACKGROUND Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus(FT1DM)that occurs during pregnancy or the perinatal period is known as pregnancy-related FT1DM(PF),always without history of abnormal glucose metabolism.Here,we present four patients who developed FT1DM during treatment but were first diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).CASE SUMMARY The clinical data of four patients with GDM combined with FT1DM admitted to our hospital between July 2018 and April 2021 were collected,and the patients and their infants were followed up.All patients were diagnosed with GDM during the second trimester and were treated.The blood glucose level elevated suddenly during the third trimester and then were diagnosed with FT1DM.Two patients had an insulin allergy,and two had symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection before onset.One patient developed ketoacidosis,and three developed ketosis.Two patients had cesarean section deliveries,and two had vaginal deliveries.The growth and development of the infants were normal.C-peptide levels were lower than those at onset,suggesting progressive impairment of islet function.The frequencies of the DRB109:01,DQB103:03,DQA103:02,DPA101:03,DPA102:02,DPB105:01,DRB401:03,G 01:01,and G 01:04 human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-G alleles were high in the present study.CONCLUSION In comparison with pregnancy-associated FT1DM(PF),patients with GDM combined with FT1DM had an older age of onset,higher body mass index,slower onset,fewer prodromal symptoms,and less acidosis.The pathogenesis may be due to various factors affecting the already fragileβ-cells of GDM patients with genetically susceptible class II HLA genotypes.We speculate that GDM combined with FT1DM during pregnancy,referred to as“double diabetes,”is a subtype of PF with its own unique characteristics that should be investigated further.

Comparative Analysis of Profit Model of Typical Pharmaceutical O2O Enterprises in China

Objective To study the profit model of Chinese pharmaceutical O2O enterprises.Methods A case study of three typical pharmaceutical O2O enterprises was conducted,and their profit models were compared.Results and Conclusion The pharmaceutical O2O enterprises in China are divided into three categories according to the profit models.It is found that the current pharmaceutical O2O enterprises have problems such as simple profit model and low corporate profits.Based on these problems,it is recommended that relevant enterprises develop various business models to increase profit channels.Besides,they should establish and improve internal cost control systems.

Clinical Thoughts and Cases of Jianpi Yishen Sechang Decoction Combined with Acupuncture in the Treatment of Functional Diarrhea

Functional diarrhea(FDr)accounts for a relatively high proportion of digestive diseases.It is an infection that is not accompanied by abdominal pain and shows negative results in laboratory tests for bacteria and viruses.The main symptoms are persistent or recurrent discharge of watery and soft stools.The course of the disease is prolonged and recurring,and the treatment cost is higher and greatly affects the patient’s daily life.The incidence rate has a gradual increase in the trend.Its pathogenesis is complex where Western medicine is mostly used in symptomatic drug treatment.The treatment can be fast-acting and effective in relieving diarrhea.However,the long-term use of Western medicine poses a high risk in terms of side effects and a high chance of recurring upon stopping medication.At the same time,some diarrhea patients show the existence of drug-resistant strains of bacteria,and the overall efficacy of the drug is limited.Chinese medicine is mild and able to provide excellent treatment of diarrhea.With its lower price and cost,most families can afford it.Fengliang Tian,director of traditional Chinese medicine,implemented the“needle and medicine”method,which combines medicine and acupuncture,involving the usage of Jianpi Yishen Sechang Decoction and acupuncture in the treatment of functional diarrhea.The method has a low price,fewer side effects,is easy to accept,and can significantly reduce the recurrence rate with high efficacy.The study would like to share the clinical thinking and cases as follows to provide ideas and methods for the treatment of functional diarrhea by traditional Chinese medicine.

Detecting Vegetation Fractional Coverage of Typical Steppe in Northern China Based on Multi-scale Remotely Sensed Data

One of the study objectives of global change is land use/cover change (LUCC) by using multiscale remotely sensed data on global and regional scale. In this paper, field sample, digital camera, Landsat-ETM+ (ETM+, Enhanced Thematic Mapper) image and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/the advanced very high resolution radiometer (NOAA/AVHRR) image were integrated to detect, simulate and analyze the vegetation fractional coverage of typical steppe in northern China. The results show: (1) Vegetation fractional coverage measured by digital camera is more precise than results measured by other methods. It can be used to validate other measuring results. (2) Vegetation fractional coverage measured by 1 m 2 field sample change fluctuantly for different observers and for different sample areas. In this experiment, the coverage is generally high compared with the result measured by digital camera, and the average absolute error is 9.92%, but two groups measure results, correlation coefficient r(2) = 0.89. (3) Three kinds of methods using remotely sensed data were adopted to simulate the vegetation fractional coverage. Average absolute errors of the vegetation fractional coverage, measured by ETM+ and NOAA, are respectively 7.03% and 7.83% compared with the result measured by digital camera. When NOAA pixel was decomposed by ETM+ pixels after geometrical registry, the average absolute errors measured by this method is 5.68% compared with the digital camera result. Correction coefficients of three results with digital camera result r(2) are respectively 0.78, 0.61 and 0.76. (4) The result of statistic model established by NOAA-NDVI (NDVI, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and the vegetation fractional coverage measured by digital camera show lower precision (r(2) = 0.65) than the result of statistic model established by ETM+-NDVI and digital camera coverage then converted to NOAA image (r(2) = 0.80). Pixel decomposability method improves the precision of measuring the vegetation fractional coverage on a large scale. This is a significant practice on scaling by using remotely sensed data. Integrated application of multi-scale remotely sensed data in earth observation will be an important approach to promoting measuring precision of ecological parameters.