Architecture design and demand analysis on application layer of standard system for ubiquitous power Internet of Things

The ubiquitous power Internet of Things(UPIoT)is an intelligent service system with comprehensive state perception,efficient processing,and flexible application of information.It focuses on each link of the power system and makes full use of the mobile internet,artificial intelligence,and other advanced information and communication technologies in order to realize the inter-human interaction of all things in all links of the power system.This article systematically presents to the national and international organizations and agencies in charge of UPIoT layer standardization the status quo of the research on the Internet of Things(IoT)-related industry standards system.It briefly describes the generic standard classification methods,layered architecture,conceptual model,and system tables in the UPIoT application layer.Based on the principles of inheritance,innovation,and practicability,this study divides the application layer into customer service,power grid operation,integrated energy,and enterprise operation,emerging business and analyzes the standard requirements of these five fields.This study also proposes a standard plan.Finally,it summarizes the research report and provides suggestions for a follow-up work.

High Performance Electrically Small Huygens Rectennas Enable Wirelessly Powered Internet of Things Sensing Applications:A Review

Far-field wireless power transfer(WPT)is a major breakthrough technology that will enable the many anticipated ubiquitous Internet of Things(IoT)applications associated with fifth generation(5G),sixth generation(6G),and beyond wireless ecosystems.Rectennas,which are the combination of rectifying circuits and antennas,are the most critical components in far-field WPT systems.However,compact application devices require even smaller integrated rectennas that simultaneously have large electromagnetic wave capture capabilities,high alternating current(AC)-to-direct current(DC)(AC-to-DC)conversion efficiencies,and facilitate a multifunctional wireless performance.This paper reviews various rectenna miniaturization techniques such as meandered planar inverted-F antenna(PIFA)rectennas;miniaturized monopole-and dipole-based rectennas;fractal loop and patch rectennas;dielectric-loaded rectennas;and electrically small near-field resonant parasitic rectennas.Their performance characteristics are summarized and then compared with our previously developed electrically small Huygens rectennas that are proven to be more suitable for IoT applications.They have been tailored,for example,to achieve batteryfree IoT sensors as is demonstrated in this paper.Battery-free,wirelessly powered devices are smaller and lighter in weight in comparison to battery-powered devices.Moreover,they are environmentally friendly and,hence,have a significant societal benefit.A series of high-performance electrically small Huygens rectennas are presented including Huygens linearly-polarized(HLP)and circularly-polarized(HCP)rectennas;wirelessly powered IoT sensors based on these designs;and a dual-functional HLP rectenna and antenna system.Finally,two linear uniform HLP rectenna array systems are considered for significantly larger wireless power capture.Example arrays illustrate how they can be integrated advantageously with DC or radio frequency(RF)power-combining schemes for practical IoT applications.

Advanced Sensors Towards Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things

The ubiquitous power Internet of Things(UPIoT)uses modern information technology and advanced communication technologies to realize interconnection and human-computer interaction in all aspects of the power system.UPIoT has the characteristics of comprehensive state perception and efficient information processing,and has broad application prospects for transformation of the energy industry.The fundamental facility of the UPIoT is the sensor-based information network.By using advanced sensors,Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),and advanced data processing technologies,Internet of Things can be realized in the power system.In this paper,a framework of WSNs based on advanced sensors towards UPIoT is proposed.In addition,the most advanced sensors for UPIoT purposes are reviewed,along with an explanation of how the sensor data obtained in UPIoT is utilized in various scenarios.

Distributed sensing and cooperative estimation/detection of ubiquitous power internet of things

The rapid development of Internet Plus Smart Energy requires further strengthening of three kinds of interconnections based on traditional power systems: physical interconnection, information interconnection, and commercial interconnection. Due to the integration of renewable energy, the reform of the electricity market, and the deployment of the Smart Grid, a large amount of data will be generated. Thus, it is necessary to establish a Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things (UPIoT) to realize connections among people and things, things and things, and people and people in power systems. This paper studies the concept and architecture of the UPIoT and indicates the deployment of the perception layer and network layer as the key to building UPIoT in the initial stage. As UPIoT tends to cover a wide area and produce massive and distributed data, signal processing and data analytics theories and techniques are needed to handle the data and observe the state of the large-scale system. Further studies on distributed sensing and cooperative estimation theories and techniques of UPIoT are also required. Finally, the application prospects of UPIoT and the directions for future research are discussed.

EdgeKeeper: a trusted edge computing framework for ubiquitous power Internet of Things

Ubiquitous power Internet of Things(IoT)is a smart service system oriented to all aspects of the power system,and has the characteristics of universal interconnection,human-computer interaction,comprehensive state perception,efficient information processing,and other convenient and flexible applications.It has become a hot topic in the field of IoT.We summarize some existing research work on the IoT and edge computing framework.Because it is difficult to meet the requirements of ubiquitous power IoT for edge computing in terms of real time,security,reliability,and business function adaptation using the general edge computing framework software,we propose a trusted edge computing framework,named“EdgeKeeper,”adapting to the ubiquitous power IoT.Several key technologies such as security and trust,quality of service guarantee,application management,and cloud-edge collaboration are desired to meet the needs of the edge computing framework.Experiments comprehensively evaluate EdgeKeeper from the aspects of function,performance,and security.Comparison results show that EdgeKeeper is the most suitable edge computing framework for the electricity IoT.Finally,future directions for research are proposed.

基于脉冲同步的配电电缆局部放电在线监测及定位方法

为了解决配网电缆局部放电在线定位难题,文中提出了一种基于脉冲同步的配电电缆局部放电双端在线定位方法,并研制了面向泛在电力物联网的配电电缆在线监测系统。首先,通过向电缆中注入脉冲信号,实现双端系统的时钟同步,并获得高频信号在电缆中的传播速度,解决了到达时间分析方法在配网电缆应用中同步困难的问题,并提出了采用基于能量法估计的局部放电脉冲到达时间,提高局部放电定位结果的鲁棒性。然后,描述了面向泛在物联网的配网电缆局部放电在线监测要求和架构。其次,详细讨论了关键硬件的实现方法,包括增益可调的高频电流互感器和感性脉冲注入装置。最后,为了验证提出方法和系统的有效性,在实验室10 kV电缆上进行了局部放电模拟试验,实验结果表明,提出的定位方法相比于传统的基于GPS同步的定位方法定位精度显著提升。此外,利用研制的测试系统对风电场真实的35 kV电缆进行了现场测试,验证了提出方法的可行性。

多模态马尔科夫决策泛在电力物联网大数据智能挖掘

针对泛在电力物联网结构复杂、数据多样且不确定的问题,提出了一种基于多模态马尔科夫决策的泛在电力物联网大数据智能挖掘方法。该方法构建了一种基于最大熵的马尔科夫决策算法,对电力泛在物联网进行故障诊断和负荷预测,具有标记样本需求量小、置信度高的特点。通过结合电气量信息及开关量信息来提取电网数据特征,从而充分利用多模态数据样本。仿真分析与实验结果表明,相比于传统方法,所提方法能够有效识别出包括信息畸变在内的电网故障,提升电网故障诊断的准确率和电网负荷预测的精度。

基于LoRa技术的高压输电设备在线监测系统设计

偏远地区高压输电设备由于没有网络,在线监测数据的实时传输是实际应用中的一个难点问题。为此,文章设计了一种基于泛在物联网和LoRa技术的高压输电设备在线监测系统,其通过构建低功耗、远距离传输的LoRa无线通信自组织网络,将前端传感器采集的输电设备状态信息及其他数据传输到LoRaWAN网关,再通过5G无线网络将数据上传至后端服务器,实现在线监测系统的整体通信链路。模拟实验结果显示,与现有技术方案ZigBee、LoRa和NB-IOT相比,采用文中所设计的方案,系统传输速度(20~100 kbit/s)最快,且丢包率、传输时延和平均耗时(分别为1.6%、0.27 s和60 s)最低,表明该系统在具有较快传输速度的同时兼顾了低功耗远距离的特点,实现了数据的稳定传输,适用于偏远地区高压输电设备的在线监测。

储能设备在电力物联网领域中的作用效果分析

储能设备作为一种能够支持能量高效转换与存储的装置,其在电力物联网领域的作用日益凸显。为扩大储能设备的应用领域,针对储能设备在电力物联网领域中的作用效果进行研究综述。分析储能设备的主要类型以及技术原理,指出电化学储能设备以及机械储能储备在储能效率以及安全性方面均占据较大优势。在此基础上,分别从提高供电稳定性、优化能源利用效率以及提高电能质量三个方面,对储能设备的作用效果进行分析。

泛在物联网下的电力通信干扰过滤技术研究

由于泛在物联网在电力通信应用中的规模远超普通物联网,导致外界设备的干扰会影响电力通信系统的通信质量。为解决这个问题,提出泛在物联网下的电力通信干扰过滤技术。分析了“互联网+”智慧能源架构和泛在物联网架构更容易受到干扰的原因。通过识别泛在物联网下电力通信采集信号的脉冲干扰信息,获取电力通信脉冲噪声稀疏性,计算出电力通信脉冲噪声干扰估计值。利用设计的电力通信干扰过滤器,实现泛在物联网下电力通信干扰过滤。由泛在物联网下电力通信干扰过滤测试、误码率(BER)测试结果可知,电力通信原始信号和加噪信号波形具有相似性,且原始信号与噪声干扰过滤结果相似度较高。该技术可靠性较强。

ITU-T Y.4221《基于物联网的电力基础设施监测系统要求》国际标准分析研究

ITU-T Y.4221《基于物联网的电力基础设施监测系统要求》国际标准于2024年7月由ITU-T SG20正式发布,该项国际标准为维护电力基础设施监测系统提供指南。本文重点介绍了ITU-TY.4221国际标准的总体框架,阐释了关键术语和定义,并对重点技术内容进行了研究分析,旨在使我国组织更好地理解ITU-T Y.4221国际标准的核心思想与技术要旨,从而有助于相关组织依据ITU-TY.4221国际标准所提供的指南方法在其电力基础设施监测系统的设计和开发活动中有效引入物联网技术,从而在电力基础设施运行过程中更好地提高系统的可靠性和安全性,实现更加高效、智能的电力系统管理。

基于DA多重插补法和电力物联网的电能数据缺失修复方法

针对电力物联网中电能数据量过多,缺失电能数据修复难度较大的问题,研究基于DA多重插补法和电力物联网的电能数据缺失修复方法。电力物联网利用感知层的电能数据采集终端采集电能数据,所采集电能数据利用通信层传送至应用层,应用层的电能数据缺失修复模块,利用EM插补算法计算电能数据缺失值的初始插补值;将所获取的电能数据插补值作为DA多重插补法的初始值,DA多重插补法利用局部加权回归模型,通过调整电能数据缺失值的预测误差,获取最终电能数据缺失修复结果。实验结果表明,该方法修复电力物联网电能数据的观测误差方差低于0.2,对于短期电能数据与长期电能数据,均具有良好的修复结果。

基于物联网的就地智能电控箱研究

随着各发电集团大力推进智慧电厂建设,新建工程项目大都提出设备智能化的要求。火电项目有大量的电动机就地控制箱由各电机厂配套提供,这些动力控制箱只能实现基本的配电、监视、控制和联锁功能,无法满足智慧电厂对设备智能化的要求。因此,针对就地电控箱开展智能化研究,以替代现有的常规电控箱,使之具备逻辑可编程、就地数据集中采集、物联网通信等智能化功能。智能化的就地电控箱在未来智慧电厂中扮演重要角色。

基于泛在电力物联网的智能财务系统分析

阐述基于泛在电力物联网的智能财务系统设计,分析它的潜在价值,探讨数据采集和处理、数据分析和预测、财务决策支持系统的建立,提出案例解析。

电力营销用户档案全自动智能管理系统开发与应用

电力营销用户档案管理系统是提升档案管理质量的重要工具,针对目前地市供电企业电力营销用户档案室大多处于手动或半自动状态的情况,研制了一种基于物联网技术与智能机器人技术的档案全自动智能管理系统,能够实现档案的智能管理、防盗报警等功能,还具备档案库房环境监测与自动调节功能,具有档案管理的安全化、高效化、智能化特点,提高了电力营销用户档案的管理水平。

基于物联网的电力调度自动化系统研究

随着电力需求的不断增长和电网规模的扩大,传统的人工电力调度方式已经无法满足日益复杂的电力供需管理需求。在该背景下,基于物联网的电力调度自动化系统逐渐得到了广泛关注和应用。文中以基于物联网的电力调度自动化系统研究为中心,介绍了物联网技术在电力调度领域中的应用,详细探讨了构建基于物联网技术的电力调度自动化系统的意义,分析了电力调度信息化管理系统的设计思路和安全保障体系,明确了电力调度自动化系统的总体建设要求,并分析了电力调度自动化系统构建过程中可能出现的问题,进一步提出了优化电力调度自动化系统构建策略的思路。

基于泛在电力物联网的配网用户用电信息安全采集方法

为解决常规配网用户用电信息采集方法性能不佳、用电信息完整性与准确性较差的问题,文中利用泛在电力物联网,提出了一种全新的用电信息安全采集方法。首先,利用电力物联网建立一个稳定、可靠的用电信息数据采集网络,为安全采集工作的开展奠定基础;然后确定数据源,选择用电信息数据采集设备,在用电信息采集网络中应用数据采集设备来实时、准确地获取配网用户的用电信息;最后,采用非对称加密算法对采集到的用电信息进行加密与解密处理,实现用电信息的安全传输与接收。实验结果表明,通过该方法,配网用户用电信息数据丢失率最高不超过0.5%,且相较于传统方法,该方法采集到的用电信息更加完整、准确。

基于物联网的电力通信系统设计

文章提出一种创新的基于物联网的电力通信系统架构,融合先进的感知、网络、大数据以及人工智能等技术,构建了一个多层次、异构的智能化系统。该系统实现了对电网全貌的细致感知、高带宽低时延的数据传输、海量数据的高效处理和智能分析,并集成多种智能应用,显著提高了电网的运维水平。实验验证表明,该系统在数据采集、通信、分析以及应用各个层面均展现出卓越的性能,有力证明了系统设计的高效性和可行性。

基于物联网技术的电力通信机房状态监控系统设计

文章针对电力通信机房状态监控的需求,设计并实现了一套基于物联网技术的监控系统。该系统采用射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)和窄带物联网(Narrow Band Internet of Things,NB-IoT)等技术,实现了对机房设备的精准定位和数据采集;利用MongoDB和Spark等大数据处理平台,实现了海量监控数据的存储、分析与挖掘;结合支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)和长短期记忆(Long Short-Term Memory,LSTM)网络等智能算法,实现了设备健康状态评估和故障预测功能。通过搭建系统仿真模型,开展全面的性能评估实验,验证了系统的可行性。

基于物联网的电力通信系统集成调试技术研究

文章旨在探索物联网技术在提升电力通信系统集成调试效率和精度方面的应用。通过深入分析数据采集、智能分析以及远程监控技术的应用,设计实验并进行案例研究,验证了物联网技术在调试过程中的优势。研究结果表明,物联网技术显著提升了调试的实时性和准确性,缩短了故障处理时间。