Simultaneous Determination of Bisphenols and Alkylphenols in Water by Solid Phase Extraction and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry

To establish an analytical method for determination of four bisphenols （BPA, BPB, BPF, and BPS） and two alkylphenols （4-n-OP, 4-n-NP） in water by ultra performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC/MS/MS）. The water samples were extracted and condensed with solid-phase extraction （SPE） using C18 cartridges and eluted by acetonitrile. Separation was carried out with Acquity BEH C8 column and detection were performed by UPLC/MS/MS. Quantification was calculated by using the internal standard BPA-d16 and 4-n-NP-d8. The linear correlation coefficients of these compounds in the range of 1.0-100.0μg/L were all over 0.999. The minimum detectable concentrations were 0.75-1.0 ng/L, and the recoveries ranged from 87.0% to 106.9%.

Determination of Steroid Hormone Residues in Fish Tissues Using Gel Permeation Chromatography and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

A highly sensitive method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 8 steroid hormones in high-fat fish tissues using ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).The 8 steroid hormones were extracted from the tissues with diethyl ether.Differing from other common purification methods,the extract solutions were cleaned by gel permeation chromatography(GPC) using ethyl acetate-cyclohexane solution(1:1,v/v) as the mobile phase.The separation of target compounds was carried out by a BEH C18 column and a gradient elution consisting of acetonitrile and 0.2% aqueous formic acid(v/v).The compounds were detected under the multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode and quantified with external standard method.This method was validated with respect to linearity,specificity,accuracy and precision.A linearity with correlation coefficient larger than 0.995 was achieved in the range of 0.5 to 50 ng m L^(-1).The average recoveries at the spiked levels of 1.0,5.0,and 10.0 μg kg^(–1) varied between 81.7% and 90.8%,with the relative standard deviations(n=5) ranged from 3.50% to 10.0%.The limit of quantification(LOQ) for 8 steroid hormones ranged from 0.2 to 1.5 μg kg^(-1).It was concluded that this method can be successfully applied for the determination of 8 steroid hormones in complicated matrices including high-fat fish tissues.

Determination of thyreostats in bovine urine using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Five thyreostats(TSs),namely tapazole,thiouracil,methylthiouracil,propylthiouracil,and phenylthiouracil,were determined in bovine urine using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS)in positive electrospray ionization mode.Extraction and clean-up were achieved using a ChemElut cartridge with tert-butyl methyl ether,without a derivatization step.Separation was achieved on an Acquity UPLC SS T3 column.The mobile phase was acetonitrile and water containing 0.2%(v/v)formic acid.The mass spectrometer was operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode.Urine samples were spiked with TS solution at levels corresponding to 5,10,15,and 20μg/L.The accuracy(internal standard corrected)ranged from 92%to 107%,with a repeatability precision(relative standard deviation,RSD)less than 15%for all five analytes.The RSDs within-laboratory reproducibility was less than 26%.The decision limits(CCα)and detection capabilities(CCβ)were obtained from a calibration curve and were in the ranges of 3.1-6.1μg/L and 4.0-7.4μg/L,respectively.The CCαand CCβvalues were below the recommended concentration,which was set at 10μg/L.The results show that the described method is suitable for the direct detection of TSs in bovine urine.This method can also be used to determine TSs in porcine urine.

Rapid Determination of Three Kinds of Microcystins in Environmental Water Samples by Disk SPE-Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

A method of rapidly detecting three kinds of microcystins( MCs) in environmental water samples by using disk SPE- ultra high performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry( UPLC- MS / MS) was established. Firstly,environmental water samples were extracted by disk SPE column( C_(18)),and three kinds of MCs were separated by Waters BEH C_(18) chromatographic column with acetonitrile- 0. 2% formic acid solution as the mobile phase. After the gradient elution separation,the external standard method was used for quantitative and qualitative analysis under MRM of UPLC- MS / MS. The results showed that the three kinds of MCs in the range of 0. 05- 10 μg / L showed good linear relation,and the correlation coefficients were higher than 0. 999 4,while the method detection limit was 0. 04 ng / L. Under 0. 1,1,and 5 μg / L standard addition for the same environmental sample,the average recovery was 82. 8%- 108. 8%,and the relative standard deviation of determination results was2. 1%- 10. 1%( n = 6). This method is rapid,sensitive and accurate,so it can be effectively applied in the monitoring of MCs in environmental water samples.

Influence of traditional Chinese medicines on the in vivo metabolism of lopinavir/ritonavir based on UHPLC-MS/MS analysis

A fast,reliable,and cost-effective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was established to determine the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine employed to treat coronavirus disease 2019,namely,Lianhua Qingwen granules,Huoxiang Zhengqi capsules,Jinhua Qinggan granules,Shufeng Jiedu capsules,and Angong Niuhuang pills,on the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in rats.Blood samples were prepared using the protein precipitation method and atazanavir was selected as the internal standard(IS).Separation was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX eclipse plus C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8 μm)column using acetonitrile and water containing 0.1%formic acid as the mobile phase for gradient elution.The flow rate was 0.4 mL/min and the injection volume was 2 μL.Agilent Jet Stream electrospray ionization was used for mass spectrometry detection under positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode at a transition of m/z 629.3→447.3 for lopinavir,m/z 721.3→296.1 for ritonavir,and m/z 705.4→168.1 for the IS.The method showed good linearity in the concentration range of 25→2500 ng/mL(r=0.9981)for lopinavir and 5e500 ng/mL(r=0.9984)for ritonavir.The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were both within±15%.Items,such as dilution reliability and residual effect,were also within the acceptable limits.The method was used to determine the effects of five types of traditional Chinese medicines on the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in rats.The pharmacokinetic results showed that the half-life of ritonavir in the groups administered Lianhua Qingwen granules and Huoxiang Zhengqi capsules combined with lopinavir/ritonavir was prolonged by approximately 1.5-to 2-fold relative to that in the control group.Similarly,the pharmacokinetic parameters of lopinavir were altered.Overall,the results of this study offer important theoretical parameters for the effective clinical use of five types of traditional Chinese medicines combined with lopinavir/ritonavir to reduce the occurrence of clinical adverse reactions.

Simultaneous determination of 14β-lactam antibiotics in cosmetic products by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method

In this study,a simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（HPLC-MS/MS） method was established and validated to determine the 14β-lactam antibiotics in cosmetic products,including 1（ceftazidime）,2（cefaclor）, 3（cefdinir）,4（ampicillin）,5（cefalexin）,6（ceftezole）,7（cefotaxim）,8（cefradine）,9（cefuroxime）,10（cephazoline）,11 （cefathiamidine）,12（cefoperazone）,13（cafalotin）,14（piperacillin）.

Study on Detection of Antibiotic Contents in Water around Landfill Sites

[Objectives] An ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was established for simultaneous determination of 26 antibiotics in the water around landfills. [Methods] After an HLB solid-phase extraction column was activated, and a water sample, which was adjusted with phosphoric acid to a pH of (2±0.5) and added with 500 mg of disodium EDTA, was loaded, and 5 ml of water and 20% methanol water was added for washing. Next, 10 ml of elution solution was added for elution, and the collected eluate was evaporated under reduced pressure at 40 ℃ to near dryness, and 1 ml of reconstitution solution was added to a constant volume. An ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (100 mm×2.1 mm, 2.6 μm) chromatographic column was adopted for LC separation by gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution-acetonitrile as the mobile phase. For MS detection, the MRM mode was adopted for collection, and the positive and negative ion modes were switched for simultaneous determination, and the internal standard method was used for quantification. [Results] The correlation coefficient R2 was greater than 0.99 in the linear range of each target substance. The limits of detection ranged from 0.15 to 3.00 ng/L, and the limits of quantitation were between 0.80 and 10.00 ng/L, and the recoveries ranged from 77.9% to 104.85%. [Conclusions] The method has high sensitivity, good accuracy and strong practical value.

超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法测定柑橘中4种苯甲酰脲类农药残留

建立了柑橘中虱螨脲、灭幼脲、氟啶脲和除虫脲4种苯甲酰脲类农药同时检测的超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱（ UPLC-MS/MS）分析方法。样品采用QuEChERS前处理技术，超高效液相色谱-串联质谱电喷雾负离子模式检测测定。结果表明：在0.01~0.2μg/mL范围内，4种供试农药的质量浓度与其相应的峰面积间呈良好的线性关系，相关系数（ r ）均大于0.994。在0.01、0.05和0.1 mg/kg 3个添加水平下，4种农药的平均回收率为92％~105％，相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.4％~3.3％（n＝5）。4种农药在柑橘中的定量限（LOQ）均为0.01 mg/kg。该方法准确、灵敏、简单，适用于同时测定柑橘中4种苯甲酰脲类农药的残留量。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定豇豆中溴氰虫酰胺等5种农药残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（ UPLC-MS/MS）同时测定豇豆中溴氰虫酰胺、乙基多杀菌素、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒残留量的方法。豇豆样品经乙腈提取，通过QuEChERS法净化后，采用Acquity UPLC？？ BEH C18色谱柱分离，在电喷雾正离子模式下以多反应监测（ MRM）模式检测。结果表明：在0.01~1μg/mL内5种农药的峰面积与其相应的质量浓度间呈良好线性关系，相关系数均大于0.99；在0.01、0.1和1 mg/kg 3个添加水平下，回收率为71％~129％，相对标准偏差为0.90％~20.8％（ n ＝5）。5种农药在豇豆中的检出限为0.084~4.0μg/kg，定量限为0.80~16.6μg/kg。该方法简单灵敏，定量准确，可用于分析豇豆中的溴氰虫酰胺、乙基多杀菌素、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒的残留量。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱双内标法同时测定复方杏香兔耳风胶囊中的10种有效成分

建立了同时测定复方杏香兔耳风胶囊中原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛、绿原酸、野黄芩苷、异绿原酸 C、黄芩苷、木犀草素、芹菜素、白术内酯 III 和白术内酯 I 等10种有效成分含量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（ UPLC-MS / MS）双内标分析方法。以咖啡酸和淫羊藿苷为内标（IS），在 ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C 18色谱柱上，以甲醇和含0.3％甲酸的水为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离，流速为0.3 mL / min。在电喷雾电离（ESI）正、负离子切换模式下，采用多重反应监测模式进行检测。结果表明，原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛、绿原酸、野黄芩苷、异绿原酸 C、黄芩苷、木犀草素、芹菜素、白术内酯 III、白术内酯 I 的线性范围分别为0.00300～24.0 mg / L、0.0170～2.00 mg / L、0.0150～30.0 mg / L、0.00400～30.0 mg / L、0.0105～24.0 mg / L、0.00300～30.0 mg / L、0.00300～5.00 mg / L、0.00600～5.00 mg / L、0.00150～4.00 mg / L、0.000600～0.900 mg / L；检出限分别为1.0、11、5.0、1.5、3.5、1.0、1.0、2.0、0.50、0.20μg / L。10种成分的加样回收率为92.5％～106％，相对标准偏差均不大于3.2％。该方法快速简便、灵敏度高、重复性好，已成功用于实际样品的分析。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定营养强化食品中维生素B_(12)的含量

采用固相萃取（solid phase extraction, SPE）柱对样品中维生素B12进行浓缩与净化,提出了一种可灵敏测定营养强化食品中维生素B12含量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS）方法,并通过实验考察了不同固相萃取柱对维生素B12含量测定结果的影响.实验结果表明,采用HLB（hydrophile-lipophile balance number）固相萃取柱进行富集与净化,维生素B12在0.5～100.0μg/L浓度范围内与其响应值呈良好的线性关系,检出限为1.0μg/kg,说明该方法具有分析速度快、灵敏度高、重复性好的优点,适用于对营养强化食品中维生素B12含量的测定.

In Vitro Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Fungal Activities of Extracts from Different Parts of 7 Zingiberaceae Plants

This study aimed to explore the anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities of extracts from different parts of plants in the Zingiberaceae family.The inhibitory rate,minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC),and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of leaf and stem,and root and rhizome extracts from Alpinia katsumadai Hayata,Alpinia oxyphylla Miq×Alpinia henryi K.Schumann,Alpinia oblongifolia Hayata,Alpinia nigra(Gaertn.)Burtt,Amomum villosum Lour,Alpinia zerumbet(Pers.)Burtt.et Smith and Alpinia oxyphylla Miq were determined using the fungus cake method and double dilution method.The seven Zingiberaceae plants exhibited characteristic antibacterial activities against pathogenic bacteria and fungi.At a 1.5 mg mL^(−1),A.zerumbet root and rhizome extracts exhibited strong inhibitory activity against S.aureus and E.coli,with 83.23%and 79.62%,respectively.In addition,A.zerumbet leaf and stem extracts had an inhibitory rate of 90.85%against P.aeruginosa.At the same concentration,the leaf and stem,root and rhizome extracts of A.katsumadai had the best anti-bacterial effect against F.oxysporum,with inhibition rates of 84.46%and 84.73%,respectively.Moreover,A.katsumadai and A.zerumbet leaf and stem extracts had the most significant antibacterial effect against S.aureus,with a MIC of 0.063 mg mL^(−1).Thus,both A.katsumadai and A.zerumbet extracts had significant antibacterial activity.In addition,by comparing the inhibitory effect of extracts from different parts,it was found that the inhibitory rate and average inhibitory rate of extracts from leaf and stem were higher than those from root and rhizome.The chemical constituents of A.katsumadai and A.zerumbet,determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),revealed that citric acid(CA),alpinetin,and pinocembrin(PNCB)were the functional constituents yielding the antibacterial activity.Overall,A.katsumadai and A.zerumbet have the potential to be developed as new plant fungicides and bactericides.